摘要：城市内涝防治是一项系统工程,包括源头控制设施、排水管渠设施和综合防治设施。城市降水的强度及其持续时间是源头控制中首先需要考虑的要素,直接影响到城市排水能力的设计。已经发生的气候变化导致了中国不同区域的降水强度及其持续时间的显著增加。强度较大的降水主要发生在105°—122°E之间和35°N以南,而持续时间越长、强度也越强的极端降水事件主要发生在100°—122°E之间、40°N以南的中国东部地区。建议,城市内涝防治体系在进行城市雨水管渠设计重现期和内涝防治设计重现期的规划时,应该充分预估已经发生的气候变化的影响,以科学有效地实现城市内涝防治的源头控制。

摘要：Ecosystems in China have been absorbing anthropogenic CO2 over the last three decades. Here, we assess future carbon uptake in China using models from phase 5 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project under four socio-economic scenarios. The average of China's carbon sink from 2006 to 2100 represented by multimodel mean net ecosystem production(NEP) is projected to increase(relative to averaged NEP from 1976 to 2005) in the range of 0.137 and 0.891 Pg C a-1across differentscenarios. Increases in NEP are driven by increases in net primary production exceeding increases in heterotrophic respiration, and future carbon sink is mainly attributed to areas located in eastern China. However, there exists a considerable model spread in the magnitude of carbon sink and model spread tends to be larger when future climate change becomes more intense. The model spread may result from intermodel discrepancy in the magnitude of CO2 fertilization effect on photosynthesis, soil carbon turnover time, presence of carbon-nitrogen cycle and interpretation of land-use changes. For better quantifying future carbon cycle, a research priority toward improving model representation of these processes is recommended.

摘要：基于对安徽省某泵站基础设计表明,泵房基础型式的选取对泵站工程影响较大,特别是建在淤泥质土地基。首先要根据机组布置要求进行厂房的合理布置,以满足整体稳定要求,然后根据实测分析的地基最小承载力要求进行经济合理的基础型式选择,通过计算确定基桩的桩长与桩径。可供类似地基的泵站基础选型参考。