摘要：反应精馏是反应过程和分离过程耦合为一体的单元操作,已成为当今研究的重要领域。然而,到目前为止并没有一套通用简便的方法去指导反应精馏过程的综合与设计,严重限制了它的广泛应用。本文在过程强化原理的基础上提出了一种反应蒸馏塔通用的综合与设计方法,并利用2种反应蒸馏系统来评价所提出的设计策略。结果表明,该综合设计方法可以简便高效地搜索出反应蒸馏塔的最优结构,适用于不同类型的反应蒸馏塔的综合与设计。

摘要：针对多步连续可逆反应,系统地探究了多反应段蒸馏塔设计的有效性与可行性。以两步连续可逆反应合成碳酸二乙酯和三步连续可逆反应制备硅烷为例,从稳态到动态进行了单反应段蒸馏塔和多反应段蒸馏塔的比较与分析。结果显示,多反应段的引入有助于协调多步反应之间以及反应操作与分离操作之间的相互关联,不仅能够提升系统的稳态性能,还能够改善动态特性与可控性。因此,针对多步连续可逆反应物系的分离问题,多反应段设计方法是一种行之有效的过程强化手段。

摘要：基于理想型强放热反应蒸馏塔研究了3项内部热耦合策略对系统动态特性及可控性的影响。其中,实现反应段与提馏段间正耦合作用的措施能够有效提高系统热力学效率,但同时减弱了提馏段的传质推动力,不利于系统动态操作。为改善系统的动态特性及可控性,需要在提馏段补充一定量的分离塔板。下移上进料位置提高了系统热力学效率,但也引入了逆耦合作用,严重影响系统动态操作,故在过程强化中应该回避。

摘要：In this work,the impact of internal heat integration upon process dynamics and controllability by superposing reactive section onto stripping section,relocating feed locations,and redistributing catalyst within the reactive section is explored based on a hypothetical ideal reactive distillation system containing an exothermic reaction:A + BC + *** state operation analysis and closed-loop controllability evaluation are carried out by comparing the process designs with and without the consideration of internal heat *** superposing reactive section onto stripping section,favorable effect is aroused due to its low sensitivities to the changes in operating *** ascending the lower feed stage,somewhat detrimental effect occurs because of the accompanied adverse internal heat integration and strong sensitivity to the changes in operating *** descending the upper feed stage,serious detrimental effect happens because of the introduced adverse internal heat integration and strong sensitivity to the changes in operating *** redistributing catalyst in the reactive section,fairly small negative influence is aroused by the sensitivity to the changes in operating *** reinforcing internal heat integration with a combinatorial use of these three strategies,the decent of the upper feed stage should be avoided in process *** the conclusions are derived based on the hypothetical ideal reactive distillation column studied,they are considered to be of general significance to the design and operation of other reactive distillation columns.