摘要：早在三十多年前，设计个人电脑的工程师曾采用简单的物理模型，以防止计算机设备在运行的时候发生过热的现象。他们采用薄纸板或其他易得的材料建造模型，并将风扇、芯片和其他主要的组件放在一个盒子里，以理解气流、热传递和温度的变化。由于这种原始的建模方式成本较高，并且过于复杂，他们通常只能对数量不多的设计模型进行测试，然后再确定哪种设计最好。

摘要：作为工程设计的前提，勘探十分重要。我们对岩土工程空间分析的要求十分高，要求要能够在岩土工程勘察中准确地展现场地地质空间的变化规律。我们对传统岩土工程勘察的缺陷进行了阐述，我们对之前岩土工程勘察的资料进行了充分地总结，并在此基础上提出了用数字化系统手段对岩土工程进行地质勘察设计的方法。

摘要：据中国极地研究中心相关负责人介绍，以“雪龙2”号命名的我国自主建造的首艘破冰船已开续建造，根据计划将于2019年建成，届时将与“雪龙”号破冰船一道，组队助力科考。据了解，新建极地破冰船被分解为114个分段分别建造，然后合成11个大分段，最终合拢拼装。为了最大程度地提高效率，项目采用资源管理系统，对项目预算、采购程序、合同管理、经费使用等进行全方位管控，特别是采用电脑建模方式，先根据基本设计图纸完成全船建模，然后根据详细设计进行修改，尽量提前解决连续建造阶段可能遇到的各种工艺问题，减少浪费和返工，建造速度大大加快。

摘要：提高设计生产力并加速生产和设计的闭合基于空间的、全芯片和模块布线器Cadence Precision Router可用于高级混合信号、模拟与定制数字设计，采用了基于三维空间的建模方式来分析真实形状和物理空间干扰，允许设计者为高级制造工艺和设计约束建模，用于设计过程的前端以获得最优控制和优异结果。

摘要：我国机电一体化研究项目层出不穷,包括飞机、汽车工具等都与集成网络并行、协同制造,其中必要的建模问题开始引起国际CAD领域严密关注。因此,该文主要透过系统角度研究,全程配合工程类别之间的相似特征,延展出端口结构中多能量域集成组件模型,同步供应形式化描述,在此基础上涉及机电一体化系统多能量产品建模仿真框架形态清晰,确保能够更加方便地支撑系统不同空间演练进程。

摘要：The question we concern ourselves with is how novelists, painters, musicians, sculptors, etc. imagine their surrounding world reality before (and even during) "creating" their work which represents a piece of this reality. In this article, the author focuses on fiction but the reasoning works for all kinds of artistic creations. "We reason only on models", says Paul Valery. "We communicate only by models", echoes Gregory Bateson. We know that there is one major way of modeling in science, which is mathematical modeling. There is also nowadays computer modeling (simulation) for highly complex problems. The modeling that constitutes the frame of this article ties with systems thinking modeling. It is Da Vinci"s "Disegno", Vico"s "Ingenium: It is an art by which the modeler expresses his vision of reality" (AFSCET (Association Francaise des Systemes Cybernetiques, Cognitifs et Techniques) (French Association of Cybernetic, Cognitive, and Technical Systems)). Thus, the author believes that, whatever the definition, modeling is the main cognitive process of the human brain. It allows him to represent reality in a certain "code" or "language", be it mathematical equations, graphs, novels, poems, paintings, music, sculptures, etc.. If the author focuses here on fiction, it is because it all began most probably with the narrative. The human being, although provided with a powerful tool-the brain, fictionalizes in order to understand reality, which escapes him. So he created myths, legends, tales, sagas, etc., after having drawn wonderful paintings in caves. Fiction is a way of modeling reality in order to acquire knowledge. This way of modeling follows the complex process of schematizing, i. e., producing schemes, i. e., minimal mental models, which are pre-conceptual structured sketches of intuition. This schematizing is based on a mixed complex process of: (1) abduction, which, according to Peirce and others, is the natural way of human reasoning (children use it to acqui