摘要：土的强度特性与土体中应力变化过程、固结状态有关,常规的三轴试验并不能真实地反映土体经历的应力路径对其强度特性的影响。采用自制的应力-应变联合控制式三轴试验仪,对天津市区地层中第一海相层的粉质黏土原状饱和试样进行一系列特殊三轴试验,研究了排水卸荷条件对其强度特性的影响。试验结果表明:经历排水卸荷路径的土体的加荷剪切总应力强度指标大于常规试验结果,也大于前人在不排水卸荷路径下的试验结果,但几种应力路径下土体的有效应力强度指标基本相等。研究成果对天津市区基坑开挖及支护结构设计计算、软土隧道施工研究及其他相关岩土工程问题的研究均有较大的实用价值。

摘要：以兰新铁路第二双线路基试验段路基工程为依托,对试验段戈壁土填料进行了颗粒分析、击实、大型剪切以及大型压缩等室内土工试验,并结合现场试验进行压实特性分析。试验结果表明:戈壁土填料的压实特性与填料的级配及其颗粒组成有关;现场压实时,需从填料的细颗粒含量、现有技术、经济等因素来综合控制压实含水率;不同的戈壁土填料,其抗剪强度及压缩特性亦不同;压实系数对戈壁土填料的抗剪强度特性及压缩特性均有很大的影响;含水率对戈壁土填料抗剪强度特性及压缩特性亦有一定的影响;戈壁土填料可以通过增大压实系数或反复加载,来获得良好的压缩特性。

摘要：对贵州省内5种主要工业固体废物(脱硫石膏、粉煤灰、锰渣、汞渣、铅锌渣)以及黏土、砂土与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)土工膜的接触摩擦强度开展摩擦破坏直接剪切试验;测定HDPE土工膜与各种固体废物接触面的摩擦强度参数(界面摩擦角、表观黏聚力),分析光面、糙面土工膜与各种固体废弃物接触界面的抗剪强度特性。结果表明:HDPE土工膜与工业固体废物接触界面的剪应力随剪切位移的增加而增大,剪应力-剪切位移曲线的斜率逐渐减小,当剪切位移增大到一定范围后,界面剪应力将保持不变;糙面土工膜与固体废物的界面抗剪强度大于光面土工膜与固体废物之间的,糙面土工膜具有更好的抗拉裂、抗剪切性能。

摘要：Soil shear strength is an important indicator of engineering design and an essential parameter of soil precision tillage and agricultural machinery and equipment design. Although numerous studies have investigated the characteristics of different soil shear strengths, only a few of these works have paid attention to soils containing considerable quantities of rock fragments. To date, most studies on the effects of rock fragments on the shear strength have paid attention to the role of rock fragments with sizes >2 mm. The effects of rock fragments 2 mm, the presence of rock fragments <2 mm could also change the mechanical properties of soils. Thus, in the present study we evaluated the potential influence of <2 mm rock fragments on soil shear strength via an unconsolidated undrained(UU) triaxial compression test. Our results were as follows:(1) A certain quantity of <2 mm rock fragments presented in purple soils developed from clay rocks; and an appropriate quantity of <2 mm rock fragments could improve the shear strength of soils.(2) The different PSDs of soils containing <2 mm rock fragments mainly caused variations in the internal friction angle of soils.(3) The shear strengths of the two mudstone-developed red-brown and gray-brown purple soils was more sensitive to water than that of the shale-developed coarse-dark purple soil. As the soil water content increased from 9% to 23%, the changes in the cohesion, internal friction angle, shear strength, and the maximum principal stress difference were smaller in the coarse dark purple soil than in the two other soils. We therefore concluded that <2 mm rock fragments in purple soils exerted important effects on soil shear strength. A better understanding of the differences among the shear strength features of purple soils could help improve the design of agricultural machinery and equipment.

摘要：通过对培养的黑麦草加固黏土原状土样进行直剪试验,研究了根系含量和含水率对加固土体抗剪性能的影响,并结合研究结果对其作用机理进行分析。试验结果表明:随根系含量增加,加固土体的抗剪强度和黏聚力逐渐增强,内摩擦角变化较小。这是因为根系的存在加强了土颗粒之间的摩擦,同时在剪切过程中根系发生弹性形变,其内部产生的拉应力通过摩擦力转化为阻碍土体位移的力,增强土体强度。随着含水率的增加,加固土体的抗剪强度和黏聚力均减小,内摩擦角变化不大。这是由于一方面水的存在使根系的拉拔阻力和土颗粒之间的摩擦阻力减小,另一方面含水率的增加导致基质吸力减小,使土颗粒之间的液桥强度降低,从而降低了土体的抗剪强度。

摘要：近20 a来,高速公路建设中红层软岩大量用作路堤填料,但对其抗剪强度特性及试验方法缺乏深入研究。根据湖南省湘潭至衡阳西线高速公路k123＋600-k124＋700段路堤的10个现场大型水平推剪试验,得出了红层软岩土石混合填料体的变形特点和相关的抗剪强度参数,为路堤的稳定性分析提供了必要的依据,同时也为其他类似材料的力学性质研究提供了一个可能的途径。