摘要：Metabolites play important roles in numerous cell biology processes,such as cell proliferation,differentiation,stress response,and cell death[1].Recently,lactate and lactate-derived lysine residue lactylation(Kla)have emerged as newly discovered epigenetic modifications that play critical roles in various physiological and pathological *** the history of lactate research,we can categorize the studies into three mile stones(Fig.S1 online).

摘要："death of a Salesman"is important not only in its contents, but also in its creative techniques. This paper will focus on Miller's specific methods with which he depicts Willy's inner world. To be exact, he borrowed some techniques from the films to achieve a free exchange of space and time, that is, to make Willy's remembrance and illusion audio-visual, making the play characteristic of the films.

摘要：As one masterpiece by Shakespeare,King Lear has been aroused a hot argument about its miserable ending since it come out to *** paper will take this controversial ending as the starting point,focus on the seemingly unfair ending of Lear and Cordelia’s tragic death and making a thorough textual study on its death *** a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the ending,I attempt to reveal the deep-seated significance behind the characters’forlorn *** death of Lear and Cordelia are not the absence of“poetic justice”,but an elaborate arrangement by *** the death of a series of characters,the playwright expresses his own understanding on human *** clearly makes his choice and assents the kindness of human nature.

摘要：一、西方艺术在30多年前就终结了?1984年,美国名哲学家阿瑟·丹托(Arthur ***),应贝瑞朗(***)之邀,在他主编的专辑(The death of Art)一书中,发表了他那篇名文(The End of Art).[1]在此前一年,德国艺术史家汉斯·贝尔丁(***),也已出版了他的名著(The End of the History of Art).

摘要：The 2012 Nobel Prize winner in Literature,Chinese writer Mo Yan,describes the 50 years history of Chinese countryside from 1950 to 2000 in his masterpiece Life and death Are Wearing Me *** the six artistic images of the innocent killing landlord’s reincarnation as a donkey,an ox,a pig,a dog,a monkey,and a big head baby boy,it focuses on the topic of the *** explains that all the relationships between the peasants and the land,and shows the changes in the life of Chinese peasants and their tenacious,optimistic and tough spirit since the foundation of the New *** analyzing the unique plot of the six great divisions in the wheel of karma and the hero’s mental journey,it can be found that the theme of the novel is to reveal a global circular diaspora with the moon,rather than the sun as the center of the circle,which is quite different from the real world.

摘要：This paper is going to explore Roland Barthes,Michel Foucault and Wolfgang Iser’s theories upon the question,death of the author,from three aspects comparatively:What is the connotation of the author in their understandings respectively?Why is death of the author necessary in modern or postmodern period?What will take the author’s position after its death?Through detailed analysis and comparison of their texts and propositions,this paper attempts to indicate that Barthes advocates that textual meaning is within text itself,dispels author’s conclusiveness on meaning of a text,and suggests the openness and multiplicity of textual *** reexamining the writing subject and redefining the function of author,Foucault indicates that the concept“author”is a function of *** degrades author’s crucial significance in the process of textual interpretation,but keeps author as an existential mode of *** Iser states that the meaning of a text generates from the reading process,a dialogue between the text and its *** a literary text is finished,it remains quite and full of potentialities,waiting for reader to unfold itself,waiting to realize itself in reading process.

摘要：The present study aims at investigating the perspective through which the Yoruba of Nigerian view death as a rite of passage using Wole Soyinka’s death and the King’s *** examines the customs and traditions of the Yoruba as they relate to deaths,like that of the king’s *** argues that although death is a physical separation of one from his kith and kin,it is not the end of *** items like honour,duty,voyage,and sacrifice acquire additional cultural meaning in relation to death,meaning which is unknown to the outside world other than the Yoruba *** by the cultural materialist critical theory,the study reveals that unlike the everyday meaning of the word death which refers to“the last end of life”,death means sacrifice,honour,and duty but excludes sorrow,tears,mourning,and solitude as our knowledge of the text has ***,death is passage that leads to total *** study also reveals that death has a cultural meaning when a notable dies for the sake of the community,which necessitates the mytho-ritualistic dramaturgy of Wole Soyinka’s *** Soyinka,death takes an additional dimension such that its meaning is characterized as“duty+honour+sacrifice+satisfaction”.The study further reveals that transition from life to the world beyond reminds us that life is a continuum and as we continue to the world beyond we take up our responsibilities depending on what we were on earth.

摘要：经历近半世纪的发展,肝移植已成为终末期肝病的最佳治疗方式[1-4]。然而,供体器官缺乏是目前全球器官移植领域面临的共同问题。为了解决供肝短缺的问题,扩大标准或边缘供肝使用逐渐增多,包括高龄(年龄≥60岁)、肥胖、心死亡器官捐献(donation after cardiac death,DCD)等[5]。DCD是解决供肝短缺的有效途径,但受到移植术后胆道并发症(biliary complications,BC)的制约[6]。由于DCD捐献者血流动力学不稳定和热缺血时间长的特点,DCD供肝移植后发生BC的风险比脑死亡捐献(donation after brain death,DBD)更高,发生率高达10%~30%[7-8],常见的BC种类是胆漏、吻合口狭窄(anastomotic stenosis,AS)、非吻合口胆管狭窄(non-anastomotic biliary stenosis,NAS)[7,8]。BC是DCD肝移植的致命弱点,导致移植失败和再移植,这是移植中心犹豫接收DCD供肝的主要原因,当前并无有效的治疗方法来挽救发生BC的移植肝,因此预防BC的发生至关重要。

摘要：1984年，美国名哲学家亚瑟·丹托（Arthur C. Danto）应贝瑞梁（Berrel Lang）之邀，在他主编的专辑《艺术之死》（The death of Art）一书中，发表了他那篇名文《艺之终结》。在此前一年，德国艺术史家汉思贝尔丁（Hans Belting）也已出版了他的名著《艺术史之终结》。这一书一文，在欧美艺术界，曾经引起了一阵不大不小的讨论与回应，但却没有造成很深的影响。因为当时，欧美画坛、画市，正在向泡沫经济之高峰迈进，画廊十分景气繁荣，画家形势一片大好，对于艺评家或美学家提出的”艺术之死”或”艺术终结“这类危言耸听的触霉头说法，难免要兴趣缺乏，甚至嗤之以鼻。

摘要：早期肺癌患者的治疗是以治愈为目标的。针对手术可切除性和可操作性的多学科讨论模式决定了最终的局部治疗方式(手术或放疗)和相关的系统性治疗方案,从而进一步提高患者治愈的可能性。研究证据支持以顺铂为基础的辅助化疗用于切除术后,或与放疗同步使用。共识指南支持以新辅助化疗代替辅助化疗,并支持对不符合顺铂治疗条件的患者采用基于卡铂的治疗方案。由于研究设计效率低下,需要长时间随访来评估生存终点以及对晚期疾病的持续关注,将新药物(现在是IV期肺癌患者的标准药物)纳入以治愈为目标的治疗范式的工作一直滞后。目前正在研究中的替代性终点(例如病理缓解)将可能缩短研究的时间。2018年,抗程序性死亡配体(programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)抗体度伐利尤单抗获批用于治疗同步放、化疗后的Ⅲ期肺癌患者,自那时起,针对早期肺癌患者的靶向治疗和免疫治疗的研究迅速发展。在本篇综述中,我们介绍了对于目前早期肺癌患者治疗方案的考虑因素,探讨并展望非转移性肺癌系统性治疗的临床研究现状和未来。