摘要：[Objective]The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of new oil palm germplasm from DNA molecular level and provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of new oil palm germplasm. [Method]The genetic diversity of 22 new oil palm germplasm from Hainan and Yunnan were analyzed by ISSR technique. [Result]A total number of 201 bands were amplified with 23 ISSR primers,and polymorphic bands accounted for 41.8%. 22 oil palm varieties were divided into two groups by cluster analysis：Group I included new varieties of R1-R12 from Hainan and V20 from Yunnan,while group II included new varieties of V13-V22 from Yunnan,except V20. [Conclusion]New breeding oil palm germplasm from Hainan and Yunnan may come from different countries or regions.

摘要：A total of 8375 genic simple sequence repeat（SSR） loci were discovered from a unigene set assembled from 116282 transcriptomic unigenes in this *** repeat motifs were the most common with a frequency of 65.11%,followed by trinucleotide（32.81%）.A total of 4100 primer pairs were designed from the SSR *** these,343 primer pairs（repeat length≥15 bp） were synthesized with an M13 tail and tested for stable amplification and polymorphism in four Pyrus *** the preliminary test,104 polymorphic genic SSR markers were developed; dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeats represented 97.11%（101） of ***-eight polymorphic genic SSR markers were selected randomly to further validate genetic diversity among 28 Pyrus *** markers displayed a high level of *** number of alleles at these SSR loci ranged from 2 to 17,with a mean of 9.43 alleles per locus,and the polymorphism information content（PIC） values ranged from 0.26 to *** UPGMA（unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average） cluster analysis grouped the 28 Pyrus accessions into two groups： Oriental pears and Occidental pears,which are congruent to the traditional taxonomy,demonstrating their effectiveness in analyzing Pyrus phylogenetic relationships,enriching rare Pyrus EST-SSR resources,and confirming the potential value of a pear transcriptome database for the development of new SSR markers.

摘要：Chinese bayberry （Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.） is one of the important subtropical fruit crops native to the South of China and Asian countries. In this study, 107 novel simple sequence repeat （SSR） molecular markers, a powerful tool for genetic diversity studies, cultivar identification, and linkage map construction, were developed and characterized from whole genome shotgun sequences. M13 tailing for forward primers was applied as a simple method in different situations. In total, 828 alleles across 45 accessions were detected, with an average of 8 alleles per locus. The number of effective alleles ranged from 1.22 to 10.41 with an average of 4.08. The polymorphic information content （PIC） varied from 0.13 to 0.89, with an average of 0.63. Moreover, these markers could also be amplified in their related species Myrica cerifera （syn. More/la cerifera） and Myrica adenophora. Seventy-eight SSR markers can be used to produce a genetic map of a cross between ＇Biqi＇ and ＇Dongkui＇. A neighbor-joining （N J） tree was con- structed to assess the genetic relationships among accessions, and the elite accessions ＇Y2010-70＇, ＇Y2012-140＇, and ＇Y2012-145＇, were characterized as potential new genotypes for cultivation.