摘要：Peripheral nerve injury and nerve conduit manufacturing The global nerve injury repair and regeneration market is expected to reach$9.7 billion by 2025,a compound annual growth rate of 9.1%between 2020 and 2025[1].One component alone,peripheral nerve injury(PNI),encompasses 5 million new cases worldwide every year[2].Although nerve autograft is considered the gold standard for PNI repair,this process sufers because of a short supply of autologous nerves as well as potential harm caused to the *** recent decades,as a promising alternative to autografts。

摘要：急性肺损伤（acute lung injury,ALI）/呼吸窘迫综合征（acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS）是一种常见的、破坏性极大的急性肺损伤综合征.近年来对其定义达成共识,并且在流行病学、自然史和发病机制的研究方面取得大幅度进步,设计和试验了很多新的研究方案.现对ALI/ARDS的发病机制、诊断和治疗进展阐述如下.

摘要：The concept of facial impact protection mask for cyclists is proposed in response to increased participation in cycling and the need for injury prevention. The research aims to develop an approach for design of facial impact protection gear to reduce the risk of severe injury. Impact test equipment and procedure, face surrogate and protection material performance criteria are developed. Three groups of protective materials – rigid crushable, semi rigid, and soft cushion foams are tested and assessed according to criteria. The criteria are linked to measures of the risk of facial and brain injuries: HIC (Head injury Criterion), peak deceleration, Face-bone damage and energy absorption. The impact energy is simulated by a drop test using a 48 mm-radius-steel hemispherical impactor, with a weight of 4.63 kg similar to that of headform J specified in AS/NZS standard. The drop-height is 1500 mm, and the linear deceleration force of the impactor is recorded and used to establish the performance of the materials. The HIC is used to predict the risk of brain injury, whereas the developed face surrogate is used to assess facial bone injury. A 5.4 m/s facial impact to the unprotected-face of a cyclist can result in the risk of severe facial bone fracture and mild brain injury. The impact test results for rigid foam protection of 40 mm thickness shows no densification (bottom out) and absorbs the impact energy without damage to the Foam-bone of the face surrogate. At 20 mm thickness, rigid polyurethane foams performed best with Foam-bone damage ranging from 15.1% to 20.5%. Other materials with thicknesses of 20 to 28 mm showed Foam-bone damage between 21.8% and 35.1%. The HIC values ranged from 267 to 522, with memory foams and expanded polystyrene foam having the lowest values. Peak deceleration ranged from 71 g to 105 g for the materials tested. It is concluded that the impact energy can be dissipated by the protection material thereby reducing the risk of severe facial inju

摘要：目的：观察肠道部分缺血再灌注(I/R)损伤过程中外周血淋巴细胞凋亡及其在植物血凝素(PHA)刺激下增殖能力的变化。方法：大耳白兔55只,分为肠部分I/R组、假手术对照组、正常对照组,用自行设计的血流阻断器阻断SMA血流50%,维持4h,制作肠道部分缺血再灌注损伤动物模型。采用流式细胞术(AnnexinV/PI双染法)测定外周血淋巴细胞凋亡变化,采用免疫组织化学方法观察外周血淋巴细胞caspase-3蛋白的表达,采用MTT比色法测定外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力。结果：肠道缺血期外周血淋巴细胞凋亡率明显升高,肠道再灌注期后外周血淋巴细胞凋亡比例骤然减少；外周血淋巴细胞caspase-3表达与凋亡改变呈相同趋势；肠部分I/R损伤后外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力明显降低。结论：肠道部分I/R损伤后,外周血T-淋巴细胞增殖功能明显受抑,外周血淋巴细胞凋亡变化与细胞内caspase-3的表达有关。

摘要：自本刊就嗅鞘细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤发表了几篇观点不同的文章以来,有关细胞移植在脊髓损伤治疗中的作用问题又一次引起了大家的关注。本期编辑部邀请了在该领域做了较多工作和进行过较多研究的几位专家,就该热点问题进行讨论。他们从不同角度阐述了这一治疗方法,介绍了细胞移植的种类及各自的优势和存在的问题,并就临床研究方案的设计、适应证选择、疗效评估标准等提出了自己的观点。他们对这一方法的认可程度不同,对有些问题的看法也不尽相同,但他们都提出了证明各自观点的令人信服的依据。希望各位同道阅读他们的文章后,能结合自己的经验对该治疗方法做出自己的判断或提出自己的见解,以推动脊髓损伤研究的发展。

摘要：脊髓损伤(Spinal Cord injury,SCI)是一种严重的疾患,为研究脊髓损伤机理以及对各种相应治疗方案的评价,人们在动物实验中需设计出与临床相似的SCI模型,目前,比较成熟的有脊髓切割伤模型,如脊髓半横断伤或全横断伤模型,本文就这两种大鼠急性脊髓切割伤模型作一比较,以探讨两种脊髓切割伤模型的优缺点.