摘要：The paper presents a dynamic model intervened by urban design for the decision-making of land development intensity, which expresses the inherent interaction mechanism between lands based on the evaluation of land attributes and their similarity relationship. Each land unit is described with several factors according to their condition and potential for development, such as land function, accessibility, historical site control, landscape control, and so on. Then, the dynamic reference relationship between land units is established according to the similarity relationship between their factors. That means lands with similar conditions tend to have similar development intensities, which expresses the rule of the spontaneous urban development. Therefore, the development intensities of the pending lands can be calculated by the confirmed ones. Furthermore, the system can be actively intervened by adjusting the parameters according to urban design or planning intentions. And the reaction of the system offers effective support and reference for reasonable decision. The system with multiple intervention input is not only a credible tool for deriving development intensities, but also a platform to activate urban design conception. Above all, the system as a socio-technical tool integrates the optimization of form, function and environment, and embodies the principle of impersonality, justice and flexibility in the decision of land development intensity.

摘要：以单极子、偶极子和四极子声源为例,研究了在包围声源的四面体等腰三角形测量面上采用等腰三角形扫描路径应用扫描声强法测量声功率的收敛特性,并以扫描声强测量误差为目标函数,以等腰三角形扫描测量面的大小、测量面到声源的距离和扫描线密度为设计变量,应用遗传算法进行了优化.依此优化方法确定测量面的各几何参数,保证了测量精度,提高了测量效率,为快速准确地测量声功率提供了依据.Abstract：To measure the measuring surfaces of isosceles triangle from tetrahedron which surround sound source by the method of isosceles triangle path scanning, the monopole source, dipole source and quadrupole source are taken as examples. The scanning sound intensity method can get the convergent feature of sound power. The convergent feature is studied. The error analysis of scanning sound intensity as objective function, the design variable which made up of the sizeof scanning measuring surfaces of isosceles triangle, the distance between measuring surface and sound source, and the density of scanning line, all of which optimized by GA. This optimization determines the geometry parameters of measuring surface, ensures the measuring accuracy, also improves the measuring efficiency . They lays a solid foundation for swiftly and accurately measuring sound power of sound source.

摘要：Gravity dams are solid concrete structures that maintain their stability against design loads from the geometric shape, mass and strength of the concrete. The purposes of dam construction may include navigation, flood damage reduction, hydroelectric power generation, fish and wildlife enhancement, water quality, water supply, and recreation. The design and evaluation of concrete gravity dam for earthquake loading must be based on appropriate criteria that reflect both the desired level of safety and the choice of the design and evaluation procedures. In Bangladesh, the entire country is divided into 3 seismic zones, depending upon the severity of the earthquake intensity. Thus, the main aim of this study is to design high concrete gravity dams based on the U.S.B.R. recommendations in seismic zone II of Bangladesh, for varying horizontal earthquake intensities from 0.10 g - 0.30 g with 0.05 g increment to take into account the uncertainty and severity of earthquake intensities and constant other design loads, and to analyze its stability and stress conditions using analytical 2D gravity method and finite element method. The results of the horizontal earthquake intensity perturbation suggest that the stabilizing moments are found to decrease significantly with the increment of horizontal earthquake intensity while dealing with the U.S.B.R. recommended initial dam section, indicating endanger to the dam stability, thus larger dam section is provided to increase the stabilizing moments and to make it safe against failure. The vertical, principal and shear stresses obtained using ANSYS 5.4 analyses are compared with those obtained using 2D gravity method and found less compares to 2D gravity method, except the principal stresses at the toe of the gravity dam for 0.10 g - 0.15 g. Although, it seems apparently that smaller dam section may be sufficient for stress analyses using ANSYS 5.4, it would not be possible to achieve the required factors of safety with smaller dam s

摘要：目的：探讨ⅡB期宫颈癌全盆盒式放疗与不同射野调强放疗（ IMRT）的剂量学差异，并比较临床疗效及急性毒副反应。方法收集10例ⅡB期宫颈癌患者进行CT模拟定位，每例患者均设计全盆盒式放疗计划和3种不同设野的IMRT计划，评估靶区及危及器官的剂量。回顾性分析2011年1月至2012年10月收治的77例ⅡB期宫颈癌初诊患者，根据患者意愿分为盒式放疗组（n＝33）及IMRT组（n＝44），分别采用盒式放疗（46～50Gy）或9野IMRT（56Gy／28f）结合后装腔内放疗并同步顺铂（25mg／m2静滴，每周1次，共5～6次）化疗，比较近期疗效及急性毒副反应。结果3种不同射野IMRT计划中计划靶区体积（PTV）的靶区均匀性（HI）和适形性（CI）均优于盒式放疗计划（P＜0.05），膀胱V30、V40、小肠V20、V30、V40、Dmean、D50及直肠V30、V40、Dmean、D50均低于盒式放疗计划（ P＜0.05）；3种IMRT之间PTV的HI及CI的差异无统计学意义，随着照射野的增多，膀胱V30、V40、Dmean、D50及直肠V20、V30、V40、Dmean、D50逐渐下降，其中膀胱V30、V40差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。盒式放疗组与IMRT组完全缓解率分别为84.8％及88.6％（ P＞0.05）。 IMRT组放射性肠炎、放射性膀胱炎的发生率低于盒式放疗组（ P＜0.05），两组均出现不同程度骨髓抑制，但差异无统计学意义（ P＞0.05）。结论 IMRT计划在剂量学上显示了保护危及器官的优势，在临床疗效上9野IMRT与盒式放疗的近期疗效相当，但能明显降低急性毒副反应的发生率，推荐ⅡB期宫颈癌患者外照射行9野IMRT。