摘要：Cycling is an eco-friendly method of transport and recreation. With the intent of reducing the energy cost of cycling without providing an additional energy source, we have proposed the use of a torsion spring for knee-extension support. We developed an exoskeleton prototype using a crossing four-bar mechanism as a knee joint with an embedded torsion spring. This study evaluates the passive knee exoskeleton using constant-power cycling tests performed by eight healthy male participants. We recorded the surface electromyography over the rectus femoris muscles of both legs, while the participants cycled at 200 and 225 W on a trainer with the developed wheel-accelerating system. We then analyzed these data in time-frequency via a continuous wavelet transform. At the same cycling speed and leg cadence, the median power spectral frequency of the electromyography increases with cycling load. At the same cycling load, the median power spectral frequency decreases when cycling with the exoskeleton. Quadriceps activity can be relieved despite the exoskeleton consuming no electrical energy and not delivering net-positive mechanical work. This fundamental can be applied to the further development of wearable devices for cycling assistance.

摘要：The knee is a multi-component organ system comprised of several tissues which function coordinately to provide mobility. Injury to any one component compromises the integrity of the system and leads to adaptation of the other components. Over time, such events often lead to dysfunction and degeneration of the knee. Therefore, there has been considerable research emphasis to repair injured components in the knee including cartilage, menisci, and ligaments. Approaches to improving healing and repair/regeneration of knee tissues have included surgery, anti-sense gene therapy, injection of growth factors and inflammatory cytokine antagonists, transplantation of in vitro expanded chondrocytes, enhancement of endogenous cells via microfracture, injection of mesenchymal stem cells, and implantation of in vitro tissue engineered constructs. Some of these approaches have lead to temporary improvement in knee functioning, while others offer the potential to restore function and tissue integrity for longer periods of time. This article will review the status of many of these approaches, and provide a perspective on their limitations and potential to contribute to restoration of knee function across the lifespan.

摘要：传统的人工蜂群算法(Artificial Bee Colony algorithm,ABC)及其在多目标上的扩展(Multi Objective Artificial Bee Colony algorithm,MOABC)存在着在高维、多峰函数情况下收敛速度变慢、后期容易陷入局部最优以及寻优精度丢失等问题。基于knee points提高收敛性和分布性的特点,设计了一种快速识别knee point的算法并将其应用到多目标人工蜂群算法中,提出了一种基于knee points的改进多目标人工蜂群算法(Kn MOABC)。算法在迭代过程中考虑pareto支配关系的同时,优先选择knee point作为下一代个体,极大地增强了算法的收敛速度,同时,在knee point识别算法中加入自适应的策略以保持良好的分布性。实验结果表明,Kn MOABC的性能优于三个最新的多目标人工蜂群对比算法。

摘要：在分类问题中,数据之间存在的大量冗余、不相关的特征不仅不能增加分类准确率,反而会降低分类算法执行的速度。特征选择通过最大化分类正确率和最小化特征数来解决这个问题,由于这是两个相互矛盾的目标,因此可以将特征选择问题视为一种多目标优化问题。为了提升特征选择的效率,提出了一种基于knee Points的改进多目标人工蜂群算法的特征选择方法(artificial bee colony algorithm based on knee Points,KnABC),设计了一种快速识别knee Points的方法,并改进了引领蜂和引领蜂算子。与其他经典多目标算法在11个UCI测试数据集上的特征选择实验结果表明,提出的算法在减小分类特征数、增大分类结果准确率方面具有显著效果。

摘要：Background: The lower extremity muscle strength has been shown to be weaker in patients with diabetes mellitus, primarily due to the effects of diabetic polyneuropathy, a common diabetic complication. With respect to assessments of the lower extremity muscle strength, reference values for the knee extension force in healthy Japanese subjects have been reported. The clinical significance of applying knee extension force in the assessment of efficacy of exercise therapy and patient education has also been demonstrated, and the use of an individualized approach in physical exercise based on the quantitative assessment of the lower extremity muscle strength is becoming one of the most important strategies for promoting effective rehabilitation. Methods: The study is a multicenter, cross-sectional investigation. We will measure the knee extension force and evaluate the diabetic polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes using uniform equipment and methodology at all centers. We will compare the knee extension force between the subjects with and without diabetic polyneuropathy and will investigate the associations between the knee extension force and both glycemic control and exercise habits. The trial registration is UMIN CTR (UMIN000002810). Discussion: The lower extremity muscle strength has been insufficiently investigated in Japanese patients with diabetes. This study was designed to establish reference values for the knee extension force in Japanese diabetic patients with and without diabetic polyneuropathy.

摘要：为避免对大腿伤害的修正评价罚分,该文研究了大腿修正评价,归纳了knee Mapping方法的评价流程。对某款车型的评价,是基于欧洲新车评价规程(Euro NCAP)中规定的正面碰撞试验中对假人大腿伤害的评价方法;设计了大腿伤害评价流程。针对可能造成大腿伤害的硬点——潜在风险点,用knee mapping有限元方法,进行仿真优化分析。结果表明:通过仪表板内部结构预留足够的变形空间,并在组合开关下护罩内部,设计溃缩吸能结构,有效地降低了大腿伤害值。因此,优化后的方案,可满足knee Mapping大腿受力要求,使得大腿部位免于罚分。