摘要：Photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting process is regarded as a promising route to generate hydrogen by solar energy and at the heart of PEC is efficient electrode *** progress has been achieved in the aspects of material design,cocatalyst study,and electrode fabrication over the past ***,some key challenges remain unsolved,including the most demanded conversion efficiency *** three critical steps,*** harvesting,charge transfer and surface reaction of the PEC process,occur in a huge range of time scale(from10-12s to100s),how to manage these subsequent steps to facilitate the seamless cooperation between each step to realize efficient PEC process is essentially *** review focuses on an integral consideration of the three key criteria based on the recent progress on high efficient and stable photoelectrode design in *** basic principles and potential strategies are ***,the challenge and perspective are also discussed.

摘要：Band engineering based on the construction of solid solutions is an effective approach to enhance the efficiency of semiconductor photocatalysts, via which the balance between light absorption and driving force can be well achieved by continuously tuning the band structure. Here the ZnS1–xSex nanobelt solid solutions have been prepared via thermal treatment of ZnS1–xSex(en)0.5 precursors. The compositions are adjusted by changing the mole ratio of Se to S powder in the starting materials, resulting in continuously modulating the alignment of energy levels of the obtained solid solutions. The band structure is also studied via theoretical calculation. Accordingly, the light harvesting can be tuned too, as confirmed by the UV-vis absorption spectra. XPS valence spectra are used to determine the valence band maximum. Transient photoluminescence spectra are employed to study the separation of photogenerated charge carriers. BET specific surface area and CO2 adsorption isotherms of different catalysts are measured. The obtained ZnS1–xSex nanobelts exhibit different photocatalytic activity for solar-fuel production, dependent on many factors like the light harvesting and alignment of energy levels. The related mechanism is studied in detail.