摘要：Natural muscle provides excellent motilities for *** the basic unit of the muscle system,the skeletal muscle fibers function as a soft linear *** by the muscle fibers,researchers have developed various soft active devices with linear *** paper reviews several soft linear actu ators,such as the dielec trie elastomer,t hermal responsive hydrogels,pneumatic artificial muscle,and conducting *** actuation mechanisms and performances of these soft linear actuators are *** on the dielectric elastomer,we propose a design of a hybrid system with linear actuation,driven by both the electric motor and dielectric elasto mer *** elec tromechanical behaviors of the dielec trie elastomer cone have been investigated in both experiment and finite element *** work may guide the further design of soft actuators and robots.

摘要：Curved blade and end-bend blade are considered as effective passive control methods for improving the aerodynamic performance of a compressor cascade,and their applicability also needs to be further studied.A highly-loaded compressor linear cascade in the design condition was taken as the research objective in this *** simulation was used to study the positive and negative effects of these methods on the flow loss of the cascade by redistributing the vortex *** show that:the curved blade could reduce the flow loss to 2.55%,while the end-bend blade and the end-bend+curved blade increase it to 10.58%and 2.19%,*** positive effect of the curved blade weakens the strength and scale of Concentrated Shedding Vortex(CSV),which accounts for 59.2%of the total flow *** negative effect of the end-bend blade exacerbates the low-energy fluid clusters from the end wall and wake into ***,the end-bend+curved blade can take their own strengths,but it enhances the twisting motion of Passage Vortex(PV)and CSV,which makes it fail to reduce the flow ***,the positive and negative effects of these methods on the flow loss of a compressor cascade are much *** addition,we also predict the potential danger of the end-bend blade in the negative incidence conditions and provides some suggestion for future study.

摘要：Ink-jet printing is a non-impact printing technology in which drops jetted from an orifice onto a designated *** technology can digitally transport fluids containing cells precisely onto desired substrates to construct three-dimensional *** order to obtain the stable uniform droplets,a stream is the key point of this ***,there are so many factors that affect the uniform droplet stream construction process:print parameters,material parameters,control method,etc.A good understanding of the various coupled transport processes that occur during bio-ink impact and spreading on bio-structure can improve the success of *** paper aims to obtain a good linear bio-structure with ink-jet printing ***,a typical droplet deposition process model is constructed;including droplet dynamics impact models and droplet diffusion cap ***,a model of successive droplet overlap,to form linear bio-structures,is ***,the finite element method is used to simulate the droplet impact,collision,and fusion ***,the main influencing factors of the continuous injection printing process,namely the time interval between consecutive droplets and the droplet contact angles,are *** alginate is selected as bio-ink to verify the theory,and it is found that a good linear bio-structure could be obtained if the printing parameters are controlled optimally,i.e.,if the initial contact angle is set as 60 degrees and the trigger frequency is set as 150 *** a proper printing speed and gel coating,a good survival rate of printed cells could be obtained.

摘要：This paper presents a novel method that is applied to realize the linear Transformation(LT)Switched-Capacitor Filter(SCF).It adopts the Voltage Control Voltage Source(VCVS)equalized transfor-mation to revise the original LC ladder filter and induce it into 16 basic sections and then extend the princi-ple of the LT in order to fit active and 3 port networks and give out switched-capacitor circuits corre-sponding to the 16 basic sections,which can realize all four kinds of filters——LP,HP,BP,BS ***-signed examples are given *** Nth order filter only requires N amplifiers and the circuit is insensitive toparasitic *** experimental results of a 3rd order elliptic LP and a 6th order elliptic BP are giv-en and agree with the theory.

摘要：The issue of designing a type of generalized Luenberger observers for matrix second-order linear (MSOL) systems was addressed in the matrix second-order framework. By introducing the concept of stable matrix pair for MSOL systems, sufficient and necessary conditions for the design of the type of generalized Luenberger observers were given under the assumption of controllability and observability of the MSOL system. Based on the proposed conditions and the right coprime factorization of the system, a parametric approach to the design of such type of observers was presented. The proposed approach provides all the degrees of design freedom, which can be further utilized to achieve additional system specifications. A spring-mass system was utilized to show the effect of the proposed method.

摘要：The garden aesthetics is incorporated by landscape architecture, as well as a branch of aesthetics. The beauty of gardens is shown in a variety of forms, with varied connotations. According to garden design requirements and linear char- acters, the research reviewed concept and extended meaning of lines, curves, and natural lines for better apprehension of garden linear beauty.

摘要：A linear projection approach is developed to present geoscience research result in planar coordinate system projected from spherical coordinate system. Here, the sphere is intersected by a plane and its surface is projected onto the plane. In order to keep the projected coordinate system orthogonal, and minimize the distortion, one axis of the planar coordinate system is chosen in our projection based on the shape of the region to be projected, and the other axes can be chosen arbitrarily or based on the constraint of the orthogonality. In the new method the projection is self-contained. The forward projection can be fully projected backward without loss of precision. The central area of the sphere will be projected to the planar system without distortion, and the latitudinal length in the rotated spherical system keeps constant during the projecting process. Only the longitudinal length in the rotated spherical system changes with the rotated latitude. The distortion of the projection therefore, overall, is small and suitable for geoscience studies.

摘要：The design of reduced-order controllers is considered for stabilization control, covariance upper bound control, linear quadratic regulator, ∞ control, H∞ control, positive real control problems and robust H2 control, robust ∞ control and robust H∞ control problems for generalized linear plants without any additional assumptions. An upper bound of the order is obtained with which the (robust) controllers can guarantee stability constraints and satisfy the same design objectives as the so-called 'full-order' controllers. A unified linear-matrix-inequality ( LMI) based approach to reduced-order (robust) controller design for all the above-mentioned problems is provided. It us shown that each of these problems is solvable if and only if two uncoupled LMIs with an LMI-type constraint have a pair of positive definite solutions, one of which has a lower dimension than that given by Skelton and iwasaki (1995). All desired reduced-order (robust) controllers are parameterized via the solutions of LMIs Moreover, a design procedure is proposed based on the above LMI approach.