摘要：The Knudsen effusion cell is often used to grow high-quality Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)thin film in coevaporation ***,the traditional single-heating Knudsen effusion cell cannot deliver complete metal selenides during the whole deposition process,particularly for a low-temperature deposition process,which is probably due to the condensation and droplet ejection at the nozzle of the *** this study,thermodynamics analysis is conducted to decipher the reason for this ***,a new single-heating Knudsen effusion is proposed to solve this difficult problem,which leads to an improvement in the quality of CIGS film and a relative increase in conversion efficiency of 29%at a growth rate of about 230 nm
min1,compared with the traditional efficiency in a lowtemperature rapid-deposition process.

摘要：In order to determine whether polyphosphoric acid （PPA） can partially or completely substitute styrene-butadiene- styrene （SBS） modifier while it does not adversely affect the resistance to thermal cracking of the asphalt mixture, the low- temperature fracture properties of the PPA modified mixtures are evaluated and compared to the SBS modified mixtures. First, laboratory compacted test samples were tested by the indirect tensile test （IDT） and the newly developed fracture testing protocol, named as disk-shaped compact tension （DCT）. Then, the effects of the test temperature and air-void ratio on the low-temperature fracture properties of asphalt mixtures were analyzed. The results show that the fracture resistance of the PPA modified mixtures is worse than that of the SBS modified mixtures. However, for those modified mixtures that use the PPA substituting part of the SBS modifier, a relatively low-temperature fracture resistance can be obtained compared with the mixture only using the SBS modifier.

摘要：CO oxidation is probably the most studied reaction in heterogeneous *** reaction has become a hot topic with the discovery of nanogold catalysts,which are active at low temperatures（at or below room temperature）.Au catalysts are the benchmark for judging the activities of other metals in CO ***-group metals（PGMs） that give comparable performances are of particular *** this mini-review,we summarize the advances in various PGM（Pt,Pd,Ir,Rh,Ru）catalysts that have high catalytic activities in low-temperature CO oxidation arising from reducible supports or the presence of OH *** effects of the size of the metal species and the importance of the interface between the metal and the reducible support are covered and discussed in terms of their promotional role in CO oxidation at low temperatures.