摘要：The fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering offer new therapeutic options to restore,maintain or improve tissue function following disease or *** maximize the biological function of a tissue-engineered clinical product,specific conditions must be maintained within a bioreactor to allow the maturation of the product in preparation for ***,the bioreactor should be designed to mimic the mechanical,electrochemical and biochemical environment that the product will be exposed to in ***-time monitoring of the functional capacity of tissue-engineered products during manufacturing is a critical component of the quality management *** present review provides a brief overview of bioreactor engineering *** addition,strategies for bioreactor automation,in-line product monitoring and quality assurance are discussed.

摘要：Synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography(SR-μCT)is a 3D imaging technique that is widely employed for the characterization of defects in advanced materials and *** this study,we characterize several typical defects in octettruss and re-entrant 3D lattice structures by using SR-μ*** 3D micro-lattice structures are manufactured using projection micro litho stereo exposure(PμLSE)additive manufacturing *** as-fabricated 3D lattice samples are characterized using optical microscopy,and subsequently,by SR-μ*** more,a statistical analysis is performed to characterize the surface roughness and internal defects qualitatively,whereby the statistical geometrical parameters of struts along different directions and strut joints are analyzed and ***,several typical defects are identified:(1)holes at the joints of the strut and irregular diameter deviations of the strut in the octet-truss lattice structure;(2)irregular diameter variations,bulges,dislocations,grooves,accumulations,and torsion in the re-entrant lattice *** of these defects are related to the building direction,the weight of the structure,bubbles,dust,and impurities during the PμLSE additive manufacturing process.

摘要：Developing artificial muscles that can replace biological muscles to accomplish various tasks iswhat we have long been aiming *** advances in flexible materials and 3D printing technology greatly promote the development of artificial muscle technology.A variety of flexible material-based artificial muscles that are driven by different external stimuli,including pressure,voltage,light,magnetism,temperature,etc.,have been *** these,fluid-driven artificial muscles(FAMs),which can convert the power of fluid(gas or liquid)into the force output and displacement of flexible materials,are the most widely used actuation methods for industrial robots,medical instruments,and human-assisted devices due to their simplicity,excellent safety,large actuation force,high energy efficiency,and low ***,the bio-design,manufacturing,sensing,control,and applications of FAMs are introduced,including conventional pneumatic/hydraulic artificial muscles and several innovative artificial muscles driven by functional ***’s more,the challenges and future directions of FAMs are discussed.

摘要：Hybrid manufacturing combines the advantages of Additive manufacturing (AM)and Subtractive manufacturing on a single *** previous research has provided a good background of the manufacturing parameters,the analysis is often carried out separately and there is a lack of combined *** purpose of this research is to examine the influence of the main manufacturing parameters involved in AM and subtracfive processes using different ***,the study is focused on the Material Extrusion process concerning the layer height,fill angle and fill density;as well as two factors related to machining,including stepover and pass *** parameters that were examined include the dimension,hardness, flatness,weight and roughness.A mulfifactofial Design of Experiments was proposed with a total of 64 ***,a statistical analysis was carried out to assess the influence of the different groups on the response ***,a decision table presented and facilitated the selection of parameters depending on the desired objectives,leading to a framework that was applied to a case study for *** decision guide could enable designers and engineers to select the best strategy for a specific application,leading to a more efficient approach for manufacturing.

摘要：Polycaprolactone-carboxymethyl cellulose composites have been obtained and used to print porous structures by material *** materials used contained 0,2 and 5% w/w of the carboxymethyl cellulose *** structures have been analyzed in terms of their morphology (including the evaluation of their porosity),mechanical properties under compression load and cell *** affinity has been evaluated by culturing sheep mesenchymal stem cells and analyzing their viability by the Alamar Blue(R)assay at days 1,3,6 and *** results show that composites samples have similar values of porosity and apparent density than pure polycaprolactone ***,samples containing 5%w/w of carboxymethyl cellulose have micropores on the filaments due to a hindered deposition *** characteristic affects the mechanical properties of the structures,so these ones have a mean compression modulus significantly lower than pure polycaprolactone ***, the samples containing 2%w/w of carboxymethyl cellulose show no significant difference with the pure polycaprolactone ones in terms of their mechanical ***,the presence of 2%w/w of additive improves cell proliferation on the surface of the porous *** complementary information,the flow properties of the composite materials were studied and the power law equations at 210℃ obtained,as this temperature was the 3D printing *** equations can be useful for simulation and designing purposes of other manufacturing processes.

摘要：The Made in China 2025 initiative will require full automation in all sectors, from customers to production. This will result in great challenges to manufacturing systems in all sectors. In the future of manufacturing, all devices and systems should have sensing and basic intelligence capabilities for control and adaptation. In this study, after discussing multiscale dynamics of the modern manufacturing system, a five-layer functional structure is proposed for uncertainties processing. Multiscale dynamics include： multi-time scale, spacetime scale, and multi-level dynamics. Control action will differ at different scales, with more design being required at both fast and slow time scales. More quantitative action is required in low-level operations, while more qualitative action is needed regarding high-level supervision. Intelligent manufacturing systems should have the capabilities of flexibility, adaptability, and intelligence. These capabilities will require the control action to be distributed and integrated with different approaches, including smart sensing, optimal design, and intelligent learning. Finally, a typical jet dispensing system is taken as a real-world example for multiscale modeling and control.

摘要：As an emerging technology to promote the combination of medicine and industry,the three-dimensional(3D)printing has developed rapidly in the fields of orthopedics,while its unique advantages in improving precise treatment still need to be further *** this report,our team have exhibited several classic cases of integrating 3D printing into orthopedic clinical application,thereby further elaborating thoughts and opinions on the significance of 3D printing in the orthopedic clinical application,technical advantages,existing main problems and coping strategies.

摘要：The surface topography of acetabular implants plays a key role in providing cell attachment and *** measurement and characterisation of the surface texture of the cellular scaffold layer on the acetabular cup are very difficult due to the 3D nature of scaffold *** is proposed to use X-ray computed tomography(XCT)to measure the surface texture of an electron beam melting-produced titanium acetabular *** surface texture of its cellular scaffold is evaluated using the newly developed 3D surface texture parameters,which allows surface characterisation on 3D triangular mesh *** commonly used height parameters,*** arithmetical mean height Sa,the root mean square height Sq,the skewness Ssk and the kurtosis Sku,are calculated from surface patches extracted from the XCT scanned triangular mesh *** addition,the surface peak density and pit density,which are more related to cell communication and proliferation,are estimated based on the 3D watershed *** Wolf pruning with an empirical threshold 12μm is used to control the over-segmentation.

摘要：Orthopedic bone plates are most commonly used for bone fracture fixation for more than 100 *** bone plate design had evolved over time overcoming many challenges such as insufficient strength and excessive plate–bone contact affecting the blood ***,it is only made of two materials,either stainless steel(AISI 316L)or titanium(Ti–6Al–4V).There are two main limitations of metallic bone implants,namely stress shielding and the problem of malocclusion caused by the displacement of the fracture site during *** overcome the two problems,a new bone plate design with the incorporation of auxetic structures is proposed in this *** study aims to use auxetic structure section in the bone plate that would decrease the stiffness of the region,thereby mitigating the stress-shielding effect and at the same time act as a deformable section to enable intra-operative bending for effective alignment while having enough bending strength and *** different auxetic structures namely re-entrant honeycomb and missing rib structures were *** auxetic structure incorporated bone plates were designed,finite element analysis was done,fabricated using direct metal laser sintering technique,and *** results indicate that the re-entrant honeycomb structure incorporated bone plates serve as an effective bone design compared to the conventional bone plate design,in terms of stress shielding and intra-operative bending while offering similar mechanical and bending strength.

摘要：Currently,artificial-membrane lungs consist of thousands of hollow fiber membranes where blood flows around the fibers and gas flows inside the fibers,achieving diffusive gas *** both ends of the fibers,the interspaces between the hollow fiber membranes and the plastic housing are filled with glue to separate the gas from the blood *** a uniaxial centrifugation process,the glue forms the“potting.”The shape of the cured potting is then determined by the centrifugation process,limiting design possibilities and leading to unfavorable stagnation zones associated with blood *** this study,a new multiaxial centrifugation process was developed,expanding the possible shapes of the potting and allowing for completely new module designs with potentially superior blood flow guidance within the potting ***-phase simulations of the process in conceptual artificial lungs were performed to explore the possibilities of a biaxial centrifugation process and determine suitable parameter sets.A corresponding biaxial centrifugation setup was built to prove feasibility and experimentally validate four conceptual designs,resulting in good agreement with the *** summary,this study shows the feasibility of a multiaxial centrifugation process allowing greater variety in potting shapes,eliminating inefficient stagnation zones and more favorable blood flow conditions in artificial lungs.