摘要：The pathogens of most infectious diseases invade the host through mucosal sites,and immunization with mucosal vaccines is the best means of combating these infectious *** delivery and nasal delivery are the most common methods of mucosal ***,the delivery process is inefficient,and mucosal vaccination is ineffective because the vaccine formulation is easily and rapidly removed and has difficulty in crossing the mucosal *** this paper,we investigated whether the mucosal immune response could be enhanced by ultrasound facilitation of nasal mucosal delivery of vaccine *** this purpose,we used manganese dioxide(MnO2)as the vaccine carrier/adjuvant,coated with chitosan oligosaccharide(COS)to enhance mucosal adsorption,and further physically adsorbed model antigen ovalbumin(OVA)to construct a nanoparticulate vaccine formulation MnO2@COS@*** treatment was found to promote antigen delivery and recruitment of dendritic cells(DCs)and macrophages as well as T-cell infiltration in nasal mucosal tissues through nasal mucosal immunization *** ultrasound assistance,MnO2@COS@OVA particles promoted the maturation of DCs in vitro and in vivo and promoted the production of effector memory T cells in vivo and cytokine secretion by splenocytes in *** particular,ultrasound treatment significantly increased the levels of secretory IgA antibodies in the nasal mucosa and genital tract mucosa of experimental *** addition,the experimental data showed that the MnO2@COS@OVA particles had good biocompatibility and caused no significant damage to the nasal mucosal and vital organ *** data suggest that ultrasound treatment can promote the induction of efficient immune responses to mucosal vaccines and provide new ideas for the opening and clinical translation of mucosal vaccines.