摘要：nanomaterials have garnered recognition for their notable surface effects and demonstration of superior mechanical *** studies on the surface effects of nanomaterials,employing the finite element method,often relied on simplified twodimensional models due to theoretical ***,these simplified models inadequately represent the mechanical properties of nanomaterials and fail to capture the substantial impact of surface effects,particularly the curvature dependence of *** study applies the principle of minimum energy and leverages the Steigmann-Ogden surface theory of nanomaterials to formulate a novel finite element surface element that comprehensively accounts for surface *** conducted an analysis of the stress distribution and deformation characteristics of four typical 2D and 3D nanomaterial *** accuracy of the developed surface element and finite element calculation method was verified through comparison with established *** resulting finite element model provides a robust and compelling scientific approach for accurately predicting the mechanical performance of nanomaterials.

摘要：Acute kidney injury(AKI),has become the focus of increasing attention due to its high risk of *** early diagnosis and treatment of AKI significantly reduce the risk of renal tissue damage and kidney ***,the efficient early diagnosis and treatment approach for AKI remains a *** screening via precise nanomaterial theranostics is a new alternative *** study summarizes the recent advances in functional nanomaterials in the early detection and treatment of *** challenges and problems in the use of nanomaterials for AKI in clinical applications are also *** is anticipated that highlighting these new advances will lay the foundation for further translational research on the promising application of nanomaterials for AKI.

摘要：Electrochemical water splitting,as a promising method for hydrogen production,has attracted significant ***,the lack of an electrocatalyst with a small energy loss and fast reaction kinetics has hindered the development of this *** nanomaterials with short-range order and long-range disorder features have recently shown superior activity compared to their crystalline counterparts in water *** enhanced activity arising from their intrinsic disordered structure results in more active sites and a higher intrinsic activity of such *** this regard,this review is aimed at summarizing the progress in amorphous electrocatalysts for water ***,the synthesis strategies for amorphous electrocatalysts are *** tools for amorphous nanomaterials are then ***,the origin of the enhanced activity and stability of amorphous nanomaterials is ***,the current challenges and promising opportunities in this research area are *** review aims to provide a guide for designing and developing amorphous nanomaterials with a fascinating electrocatalytic water splitting performance.

摘要：Co nanostructure tetradecahedron shape like were prepared via a simple solvothermal route. The shape and size of Co nanopolyhedron were tuned by changing the volume composition of the solvents and the synthesis temperature. Phase purity was confirmed by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and crystal size was determined by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The magnetic hysteresis loops of the polyhedron wareneasured using a SQUID magnetometer at 5 and 300 K. The results show ferromagnetic characteristics with coercivities of 22 and 15 Oe, respectively.

摘要：nanomaterials are materials in which at least one of the dimensions of the particles is 100 nm and *** are many types of nanomaterials,but noble metal nanoparticles are of interest due to their uniquely large surface-to-volume ratio,high surface area,optical and electronic properties,high stability,easy synthesis,and tunable surface *** importantly,noble metal nanoparticles are known to have excellent compatibility with bio-materials,which is why they are widely used in biological *** synthesis method of noble metal nanoparticles conventionally involves the reduction of the noble metal salt precursor by toxic reaction agents such as NaBH4,hydrazine,and *** is a major drawback for researchers involved in biological application ***,the bio-synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles(NPs)by bio-materials via bio-reduction provides an alternative method to synthesize noble metal nanoparticles which are potentially non-toxic and safer for biological *** this review,the bio-synthesis of noble metal nanoparticle including gold nanoparticle(AuNPs),silver nanoparticle(AgNPs),platinum nanoparticle(PtNPs),and palladium nanoparticle(PdNPs)are first *** is followed by a discussion of these biosynthesized noble metal in biological applications including antimicrobial,wound healing,anticancer drug,and *** on these,it can be concluded that the study on bio-synthesized noble metal nanoparticles will expand further involving bio-reduction by unexplored ***,many questions remain on the feasibility of bio-synthesized noble metal nanoparticles to replace existing methods on various biological ***,the current development of the biological application by bio-synthesized noble metal NPs is still intensively ongoing,and will eventually reach the goal of full commercialization.

摘要：Folic acid and D-gluconic acid-capped gadolinium oxide nanorods and nanocuboids were synthesized via co-precipitation *** study of relaxivity factor on the role of capping and morphology for enhancing contrast ability for T_(1) and T_(2) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) was *** obtained r_(2)/r_(1) ratio for folic acid and D-gluconic acid-capped gadolinium oxide nanorods and nanocuboids was 1.5 and 1.3,*** nanocrystals were characterized and presented with properties such as good dispersity and stability required for standard contrast agent used in *** characterization and the analysis of capping agent for nanocrystals suggest the preferable use of carbohydrate moieties with higher number of hydroxyl functional group reacted with urea and hydrogen peroxide for desired morphology and anisotropic ***-differential thermal analysis(TG-DTA) illustrated the amount of capping,transition temperature from Gd(OH)3 to GdOOH and crystallization temperature from GdOOH to *** nanocrystals would be significant for other biomedical applications such as drug delivery when equipped with well-functionalized drug molecules.

摘要：The capability to design and modulate materials, shapes, heat transfer, and mass mixing during the process of developing chemical reactors has allowed researchers to explore millions of chemical reactions and assays. However, despite the advantages in engineering array-based microreactors or microfluidic systems, the wetting attachment between solutions of reagents/products and the glass or polymer substrates of containers leads to difficulties in collecting products effectively and preventing channel blockage. Herein we present a miniature droplet reactor which takes advantage of the anti-wetting and low-adhesive properties of nanoparticle-derived superhydrophobic pedestals, allowing aqueous droplets to be manipulated freely but also providing a confined environment for performing a series of aqueous phase chemical reactions on a small scale. Gas- or precipitate- forming reactions can also be performed inside this miniature reactor. Most importantly, reaction products in liquid, solid or gaseous states can be collected effectively, which allows the harvesting of valuable products formed in limited amounts. Such a miniature reactor built on superhydrophobic pedestals provides a new way of performing common chemical reactions and may open the door to the design of next-generation microreaction systems.

摘要：Superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces have been extensively inves- tigated due to their importance for industrial applications. It has been reported, however, that superhydrophobic surfaces are very sensitive to heat, ultraviolet （UV） light, and electric potential, which interfere with their long-term durability. In this study, we introduce a novel approach to achieve robust superhydrophobic thin films by designing architecture-defined complex nanostructures. A family of ZnO hollow microspheres with controlled constituent architectures in the morphologies of 1D nanowire networks, 2D nanosheet stacks, and 3D mesoporous nanoball blocks, respectively, was synthesized via a two-step self-assembly approach, where the oligomers or the constituent nanostructures with specially designed structures are first formed from surfactant templates, and then further assembled into complex morphologies by the addition of a second co-surfactant. The thin films composed of two-step synthesized ZnO hollow microspheres with different architectures presented superhydrophobicities with contact angles of 150°-155°, superior to the contact angle of 103° for one-step synthesized ZnO hollow microspheres with smooth and solid surfaces. Moreover, the robust superhydrophobicity was further improved by perfluorinated silane surface modification. The perfluorinated silane treated ZnO hollow microsphere thin films maintained excellent hydrophobicity even after 75 h of UV irradiation. The realization of environmentally durable promising solution for their long-term irradiations. superhydrophobic surfaces provides a service under UV or strong solar light

摘要：合成生物学是借助基因工具改造活细胞和生物体的学科,其经历了蓬勃发展阶段,在生物医学领域得到广泛应用,包括新型生物传感器和生物材料设计,以及最新临床治疗药物和疫苗的开发.纳米材料具有独特的物理、化学和生物特性,在拓展合成生物学的生物医学应用场景上具有巨大的潜力,可以提高治疗剂的生产效率,并增强改造生物体的功能.在此,我们简要概述了纳米材料应用于合成生物学领域的最新进展,主要涵盖纳米材料作为递送载体、信号转导器和功能增强剂的角色及其制备过程和性能特点.本综述首先强调了纳米材料作为基因载体的最新成果,包括有机、无机和仿生递送系统;其次,回顾了纳米材料介导的刺激响应型基因表达调控的研究;第三,总结了在可编程的杂化生物活性材料方面的开创性工作,包括纳米材料/细菌杂合系统和纳米材料/哺乳动物细胞杂合系统;最后,讨论了该领域当前面临的挑战,并从个人观点展望了未来的发展前景.

摘要：With the ever-pressing issues of global energy demand and environmental pollution,molecular hydrogen has been receiving increasing attention as a clean alternative energy *** hydrogen production,the design and development of high-performance catalysts remains rather *** the compositions and structures of catalyst interfaces have paramount influences on the catalytic performances,the central topic here has always been to design and engineer the interface structures via rational routes so as to boost the activities and stabilities of electrocatalysts on hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Here in this review,we focus on the design and preparation of multi-scale catalysts specifically catering to HER *** start from the design and structure-activity relationship of catalytic nanostructures,summarize the research progresses related to HER nanocatalysts,and interpret their high activities from the atomistic perspective;then,we review the studies regarding the design,preparation,HER applications and structure-activity relationship of single-atom site catalysts(SASCs),and thereupon discuss the future directions in designing HER-oriented *** the end of this review,we present an outlook on the development trends and faced challenges of catalysts for electrochemical HER.