摘要：本文根据2014年秋季青岛斋堂岛海域双桩竖杆张网的网囊网目选择性试验数据,运用primer软件中的相似性分析、非参数多维标度分析和相似性百分比分析模块分析了张网渔具种类选择性。试验采用平行作业法,以传统网具(2a=16mm的菱形目网囊)作为对照网,设计了网目尺寸(2a)为30和35mm的菱形目网囊(以30D和35D表示)和网目尺寸(2a)为20、30和35mm的方形目网囊(以20S、30S和35S表示),进行选择性实验。研究显示:(1)35D、30S和35S渔获组成与对照网存在显著性差异,其余各网之间差异不显著。(2)改良后的试验网具能有效释放舒氏海龙;除20S组外,其余各试验网对方氏云鳚亦有较好的释放效果。(3)方形目网囊较相同尺寸的菱形目网囊具有更好的种类选择性;对相同网目形状的试验网囊进行比较,种类选择性随网目尺寸的增大而增大。(4)综合分析不同网具的渔获物组成和规格,在斋堂岛海域秋季小黄鱼、带鱼渔汛期,推荐使用30mm方形目网囊;方氏云鳚渔汛期,推荐使用20mm方形目网囊进行捕捞作业。研究结果表明,运用多元统计软件primer进行张网渔具种类选择性分析虽然存在待完善之处,但该方法为本领域研究提供了有益参考。

摘要：Human noroviruses(HuNoVs)are major foodborne pathogens that cause nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis *** the tissue-culture system for HuNoVs is not mature enough for routine detection of the virus,detection is mainly dependent on molecular approaches such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RTqPCR).The widely used primers and probes for RT-qPCR were established in the early *** HuNoVs are highly variant viruses,viral genome mutations result in previously designed primers and/or probes that were perfectly matched working less efficiently over *** this study,a new duplex RT-qPCR(ND-RT-qPCR)was designed for the detection of genogroup Ⅰ(GⅠ)and genogroup Ⅱ(GⅡ)HuNoVs based on an analysis of viral sequences added in the database after *** long transcribed viral RNAs,the results demonstrate that the sensitivity of ND-RT-qPCR is as low as one genomic copy for both GⅠ and GⅡ *** performance of ND-RT-qPCR was further evaluated by a comparison with the commonly used Kageyama primer/probe sets for RT-qPCR(Kageyama RT-qPCR)for 23 HuNoV-positive clinical *** five GⅠ samples were registered as positive by ND-RT-qPCR,whereas only two samples were registered as positive by Kageyama *** 18 GⅡ samples were registered as positive by ND-RT-qPCR,while 17 samples were registered as positive by Kageyama *** sensitivity reflected by the quantification cycle(Cq)value was lower in ND-RT-qPCR than in Kageyama *** data suggest that ND-RT-qPCR could be a good fit for the detection of current strains of HuNoVs.

摘要：AIM:To design and validate broad-range 16S rRNA primers for use in high throughput sequencing to classify bacteria isolated from the human foregut ***:A foregut microbiome dataset was constructed using 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from oral,esophageal,and gastric microbiomes produced by Sanger sequencing in previous studies represented by 219 bacterial *** primers evaluated were from the European rRNA *** assess the effect of sequence length on accuracy of classification,16S rRNA genes of various lengths were created by trimming the full length *** spanning various hypervariable regions were selected to simulate the amplicons that would be obtained using possible primer *** sequences were compared with full length 16S rRNA genes for accuracy in taxonomic classification using online software at the Ribosomal Database Project (RDP).The universality of the primer set was evaluated using the RDP 16S rRNA database which is comprised of 433 306 16S rRNA genes,represented by 36 ***:Truncation to 100 nucleotides(nt)downstream from the position corresponding to base 28 in the Escherichia coli 16S rRNA gene caused misclassification of 87(39.7%)of the 219 sequences,compared with misclassification of only 29(13.2%)sequences with truncation to 350 *** 350-nt sequence reads within various regions of the 16S rRNA gene,the reverse read of an amplicon generated using the 343F/798R primers had the least(8.2%)effect on *** comparison,truncation to 900 nt mimicking single pass Sanger reads misclassified 5.0%of the 219 *** 343F/798R amplicon accurately assigned 91.8%of the 219 sequences at the species *** by abundance of the species in the esophageal dataset,the 343F/798R amplicon yielded similar classification accuracy without a significant loss in species coverage(92%).Modification of the 343F/798R primers to 347F/803R increased their universality among foregut ***

摘要：[目的]设计能用于多重RT-PCR扩增禽流感病毒H5、H7亚型基因的引物。[方法]在GenBank中搜索H5、H7亚型禽流感病毒的基因序列,并利用DNAStar分析其同源性,采用primer Premier 5.0软件设计引物。[结果]多重RT-PCR扩增、琼脂糖凝胶电泳及测序结果显示引物设计成功。[结论]该方法用于禽流感病毒的快速诊断是可行的。

摘要：学习过程与生活方式如何通过设计让学习过程变得有趣,不那么令人烦躁?这并不是一个简单的问题。事实上,人们往往不会偏离原本的思维方式和知识体系,而去进行新东西的学习。研究表明,在美国成年人中,只有3%愿意花费一定时间进行学习。这似乎也就说明了,尽管我们使用极为简单的方式——例如动动指尖、轻轻一按就能够获得海量的各类信息,在一夜之间,所有的新技术似乎都争相爆发。

摘要：目的MHCⅠ类链相关基因B（MICB）是非经典的HLAⅠ类分子,可与NKG2D相互作用调节NK细胞的活性。本研究旨在建立MICB基因2～6外显子的聚合酶链反应-序列测序方法（PCR-SBT）,并分析汉族人群MICB在高分辨基因分型水平上的分布特征。方法根据GenBank数据库MICB基因有关序列（ID NC000006.11）,采用primer3input计算机软件辅助设计引物,利用聚合酶链反应扩增MICB基因2～6外显子序列片段,扩增片段采用双酶切纯化后,按BigDye terminator v3.1sequencing Kit试剂盒操作进行测序反应,利用Assign3.5SBT分析软件指定等位基因型。

摘要：0引言最著名的C++书籍《C++primer》在正文第一句写到,"学习一门新的程序设计语言的最好方法就是练习编写程序"。事实也确实如此,学习编程语言只有动手编程一条捷径。但根据对国内大多数高等院校的调查所知,绝大部分高校计算机类专业程序设计语言的教学仍然采用口述笔录的传统式课堂教学。结果往往是学完了编程课程,却根本不会写程序。所以我们依此开发了一个学习编程语言的平台,主要依托在线代码评判这一核心功能。