摘要：目的基于规律成簇的间隔短回文重复(CRISPR)/CRISPR关联蛋白质系统(Cas)技术建立检测血液特异性血红蛋白α(HBA)mRNA的方法,以准确、快速地鉴定血液样本。方法本研究通过设计和筛选血液特异性HBA mRNA上的CRISPR RNA(crRNA)短片段,基于CRISPR/Cas技术原理建立了sherlock-HBA检测方法,对5种体液(包括外周血、月经血、唾液、阴道分泌液、精液)共79份样本进行检测以评价所建方法鉴别血液的能力,并通过种属特异性实验、灵敏度实验、模拟混合斑检测、模拟降解样本检测、实际案件样本检测等进一步验证实验体系的法医学应用能力。结果该方法检测人源血液的相对荧光单位(RFU)值显著高于非血液(P<0.0001)以及非人源血液样本(P<0.0001),对血液RNA的检出灵敏度可达1×10^(-3) ng,且可成功检测出混合斑迹以及陈旧降解斑迹中的微量血液成分。结论本研究成功建立了一种基于CRISPR/Cas技术的sherlock-HBA检测体系,能准确、灵敏地鉴定血液,操作简单、快速,为快速识别血液类样本提供了新的思路和参考。

摘要：In Conan Doyle’s detective stories mainly including“The Resident Patient,”“The Gloria Scott,”“The Adventure of Blanched Soldier,”and“The Crooked Man,”featuring the master sleuth character sherlock Holmes,he depicts the return of the colonials from British colonies,mostly India,with physically deformed or ravaged body and traumatic past that haunt and trouble his characters’present *** allegorically uses returned colonials or poor whites who turn into figures of retributive ghosts that function as pathetic memories and inner fears from British *** seeing of ghostly figures and haunting past events delineated in these stories cause characters’sense of uncanny horror and remind them of their past *** monstrous returned colonials or poor whites often create a fear and a social menace that must be appropriately dealt with when the master sleuth is commissioned to pin down the truth of client’s *** are these bodies of ghostly figures so“irregular”and ravaged?What do these deformities signify?How can returned colonial’s or poor white’s traumatic past be related to retributive ghost?This paper attempts to probe into these issues in order to find out possible answers.