摘要：A novel method was proposed to design the structure of a bone tissue engineering scafold based on triply periodic minimal *** this method,reverse engineering software was used to reconstruct the surface from point cloud *** method overcomes the limitations of commercially available software packages that prevent them from generating models with complex surfaces used for bone tissue engineering ***,the fluid feld of the scafolds was simulated through a numerical method based on fnite volume and the cell proliferation performance was evaluated via an in vitro *** cell proliferation and the mass flow evaluated in a bioreactor further verifed the flow feld simulated using computational fluid *** result of this study illustrates that the pressure value drops rapidly from 0.103 Pa to 0.011 Pa in the y-axis direction and the mass flow is unevenly distributed in the *** mass flow in the side outlets is observed to be approximately 24.3 times higher thanthe ***,although the mean value of wall shear stress is signifcantly more than 0.05 Pa,there is stil a large area with a suitable shear stress below 0.05 Pa where most cells can proliferate *** result shows that th inlet velocity 0.0075 m/s is suitable for cell proliferation in the *** study provides an insight into the design analysis,and in vitro experiment of a bone tissue engineering scafold.

摘要：The repair and regeneration of the diseases and damaged cartilage tissue are one of the most challenging issues in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. As the cartilage is a non-vascularized and comparatively acellular connective tissue, its ability to the self-restoration is limited to a large extent. Although there is a countless deal of experimental documents on this field, no quantifiable cure exists to bring back the healthy organization and efficacy of the impaired articular cartilage. tissue reformative approaches have been of excessive curiosity in restoring injured cartilage. Bioengineering of the cartilage has progressed from the cartilage focal damages treatment to bioengineering tactics progress aiming the osteoarthritis procedures. The main focus of the present study is on the diverse potential development of strategies such as various categories of biomaterials applied in the reconstruction of the cartilage tissue.

摘要：The electrospinning process was applied to fabricate the nanofibers of biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL) in which different contents of multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) were embedded. Afterward,the electrospun nanofibers were successfully decorated with shish-kebab structure via a self-induced crystallization technique. The topographical features and the mechanical properties of the composite scaffolds were characterized,and the biocompatibility of the material was assessed by using human osteogenic sarcoma osteoblasts(MG-63 cells). The carbon nanotube(CNT) concentration is found to affect the fiber diameter and mechanical properties of electrospun nanofibers and the periodic distance of the shish-kebab architecture. Cellular attachment and proliferation assays reveal that 0.5 wt% CNT-embedded PCL scaffold shows enhanced biocompatibility with MG-63 cells than their counterparts made of neat PCL, and the collagen-like nanotopology provided by the shish-kebab structure further facilitates the cell adhesion and proliferation. The superior interactions between cells and scaffolds demonstrate that the shish-kebab-structured CNTs/PCL nanofibers may be promising candidate for tissue engineering scaffold application.

摘要：Recently,tissue engineering (TE)is one of the fast growing research fields due the accessibility of extra-molecular matrix (ECM)at cellular and molecular level with valuable potential prospective of *** enhancement in the production of hydrogel-based cellular scaffolds with the structural composition of ECM has been accelerated with involvement of rapid prototyping ***,the recreation of ECM has been derived from naturally existed or synthetic hydrogelbased *** rapid utilization of hydrogels in TE puts forward the scope of bioprinfing for the fabrication of the functional biological tissues,cartilage,skin and artificial *** main focus of the researchers is on biofabrication of the biomaterials with maintaining the biocompatibility,biodegradability and increasing growth *** this review, biological development in the structure and cross-linking connections of natural or synthetic hydrogels are *** methods and design criteria that influence the chemical and mechanical properties and interaction of seeding cells before and after the implantations are also *** methodology of bioprinting techniques along with recent development has also been *** the end,some capabilities and shortcomings are pointed out for further development of hydrogels-based scaffolds and selection of bioprinting technology depending on their application.

摘要：Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a rapidly developing strategy for repairing critical-sized bone defects to address the unmet need for bone augmentation and skeletal repair. Effective therapies for bone regeneration primarily require the coordinated combination of innovative scaffolds, seed cells, and biological factors. However, current techniques in bone tissue engineering have not yet reached valid translation into clinical applications because of several limitations, such as weaker osteogenic differentiation, inadequate vascularization of scaffolds, and inefficient growth factor delivery. Therefore, further standardized protocols and innovative measures are required to overcome these shortcomings and facilitate the clinical application of these techniques to enhance bone regeneration. Given the deficiency of comprehensive studies in the development in BTE, our review systematically introduces the new types of biomimetic and bifunctional scaffolds. We describe the cell sources, biology of seed cells, growth factors, vascular development, and the interactions of relevant molecules. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and perspectives that may propel the direction of future clinical delivery in bone regeneration.

摘要：Fibroblast is a crucial kind of cell in the construction of the tissue engineered dermal equivalent. In order to optimize the cryopreservation protocols of the tissue-engineered dermis, the characteristics of dermal fibroblast in subzero temperatures are required, which include the water permeability of the cell membrane and the apparent activation energy. Using the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), the volumetric shrinkage during freezing of human dermal fibroblast suspensions was obtained at the cooling rate of 5°C·min?1 in the presence of extracellular ice. To ensure the presence of extracellular ice, a small quantity of ice nucleation bacteria (INA bacteria), pseudomonas syringae was added in the samples. And based on the Karlsson’s model, a nonlinear-least-squares curve fitting technique was implemented to calculate the cryogenic parameters. At the reference temperature T R(=0°C), the water permeability of membrane L pg=0.578 μm·min?1·atm?1 and the apparent activation energy, E LP=308.8 kJ·mol?1. These parameters were then used to simulate water transport of fibroblast during constant cooling at rates between 0.01–50°C · min?1. The simulation results were analyzed to predict the amount of water left in the cell after dehydration and the “optimal cooling rate” for fibroblast cryopreservation. For the dermal fibroblast with DMEM solution, a cooling rate of 4.6°C · min?1 was optimal.

摘要：Human placenta-derived stem cells (hPDSCs) were isolated by trypsinization and further induced into cartilage cells in *** engineered cartilage was constructed by combining hPDSCs with collagen sponge and the cartilage formation was observed by implantation into nude *** showed that hPDSCs featured mesenchymal stem cells and maintained proliferation in vitro for over 30 passages while remaining *** results indicated that hPDSCs have the potential to differentiate into functional cartilage cells in vitro when combined with collagen sponge,which provided experimental evidence for prospective clinical application.

摘要：To explore the feasibility of repairing clinical cutaneous deficiency, autogenic bone marrow mesen-chymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and differentiated into epidermal cells and fibroblasts in vitro supplemented with different inducing factors and biomaterials to construct functional tissue- engineered skin. The results showed that after 72 h induction, BMSCs displayed morphologic changes such as typical epidermal cell arrangement, from spindle shape to round or oval; tonofibrils, melano-somes and keratohyaline granules were observed under a transmission electronic microscope. The differentiated cells expressed epidermal stem cell surface marker CK19 (59.66% ± 4.2%) and epidermal cells differentiation marker CK10. In addition, the induced epidermal cells acquired the anti-radiation capacity featured by lowered apoptosis following exposure to UVB. On the other hand, the collagen microfibrils deposition was noticed under a transmission electronic microscope after differentiating into dermis fibroblasts; RT-PCR identified collagen type I mRNA expression in differentiated cells; radioimmunoassay detected the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) (up to 115.06 pg/mL and 0.84 ng/mL, respectively). Further in vivo implanting BMSCs with scaffold material short-ened skin wound repair significantly. In one word, autogenic BMSCs have the potential to differentiate into epidermal cells and fibroblasts in vitro, and show clinical feasibility acting as epidermis-like and dermis-like seed cells in skin engineering.

摘要：Recent regenerative medicine and tissue engineering strategies(using cells, scaffolds, medical devices and gene therapy) have led to fascinating progress of translation of basic research towards clinical applications. In the past decade, great deal of research has focused on developing various three dimensional(3D) organs, such as bone, skin, liver, kidney and ear,using such strategies in order to replace or regenerate damaged organs for the purpose of maintaining or restoring organs' functions that may have been lost due to aging, accident or disease. The surface properties of a material or a device are key aspects in determining the success of the implant in biomedicine, as the majority of biological reactions in human body occur on surfaces or interfaces. Furthermore, it has been established in the literature that cell adhesion and proliferation are, to a great extent, influenced by the micro- and nanosurface characteristics of biomaterials and devices. In addition, it has been shown that the functions of stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells in particular, could be regulated through physical interaction with specific nanotopographical cues. Therefore, guided stem cell proliferation, differentiation and function are of great importance in the regeneration of 3D tissues and organs using tissue engineering strategies. This review will provide an update on the impact of nanotopography on mesenchymal stem cells for the purpose of developing laboratory-based 3D organs and tissues, as well as the most recent research and case studies on this topic.

摘要：Background:Traditional tissue engineering methods to fabricate urinary tract patch have some drawbacks such as compromised cell viability and uneven cell distribution within *** this study,we combined three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting and tissue engineering method to form a tissue-engineered urinary tract patch,which could be employed for the application on Beagles urinary tract defect mode to verify its effectiveness on urinary tract ***:Human adipose-derived stem cells(hADSCs)were dropped into smooth muscle differentiation medium to generate induced microtissues(ID-MTs),flow cytometry was utilized to detect the positive percentage for CD44,CD105,CD45,and CD34 of *** of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)and tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6(TSG-6)in hADSCs and MTs were identified by Western *** the ID-MTs were employed for 3D *** bioprinted structure was encapsulated by transplantation into the subcutaneous tissue of nude mice for 1 *** retrieval of the encapsulated structure,hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining were performed to demonstrate the morphology and reveal collagen and smooth muscle fibers,integral optical density(IOD)and area of interest were calculated for further semiquantitative *** double staining of CD31 andα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)were used to reveal vascularization of the encapsulated *** was performed to evaluate the expression of interleukin-2(IL-2),α-SMA,and smoothelin of the MTs in the implanted ***,the encapsulated structure was seeded with human urothelial *** staining of cytokeratins AE1/AE3 was applied to inspect the morphology of seeded encapsulated ***:The semi-quantitative assay showed that the relative protein expression of VEGFA was 0.355±0.038 in the hADSCs vs.0.649±0.150 in the MTs(t=3.291,P=0.030),while TSG-6 expression was 0.492±