摘要：Vee-tail configuration is an unconventional tail configuration for commercial transport aviation, the use of which could suppose reductions on CO2 emissions. The conceptual design criteria have been selected inspired on the certification requirements established by the aviation regulation in force. They are static stability in cruise, control after Critical Engine Failure(CEF),control in crosswind landing, and trim in these three conditions. The study is carried out through a combination of semi-empirical techniques and Vortex-Lattice Methods(VLM) and thus this analyses the consequences of applying these criteria to a reference aeroplane substituting its conventional tail by a parametrised Vee-tail configuration. The Vee-tail is defined by four parameters:span, root chord, taper ratio and dihedral angle. The results of the study establish a relation between the parameters in order to accomplish the proposed conceptual design criteria. To sum up, minimum and maximum limits are obtained for dihedral angle depending on the combination of the rest of parameters. In addition, a design restriction to the yawing trailing-edge tail control is reached when the results are analysed, demonstrating that its minimum size must be between 60%and 80% of the half-span of the tail, depending on the Vee-tail geometry.

摘要：Photography is a new visual aesthetic field,which is created by multifarious visual communication *** the context of the continuous development of science and technology,based on people’s pursuit of beauty,the increasingly portability of the photographic equipment has become more and more independent,so photography has been integrated into all aspects of *** commercial photography emerges in this case,which is not only widely used in commercial areas including catering,but also has become an art of publicity using the characteristics of *** this paper,the food commercial photography is analyzed and studied from the application of light and colour,and the corresponding suggestions are given.

摘要：A simple and rapid analytical method for the simultaneous quantification of three commercial azo dyes—Tartrazine (TAR), Congo Red (CR), and Amido Black (AB) in water is presented. The simultaneous assessment of the individual concentration of an organic dye in mixtures using a spectrophotometric method is a difficult procedure in analytical chemistry, due to spectral overlapping. This drawback can be overcome if a multivariate calibration method such as Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) is used. This study presents a calibration model based on absorption spectra in the 300 - 650 nm range for a set of 20 different mixtures of dyes, followed by the prediction of the concentrations of dyes in 6 validation mixtures, randomly selected, using the PLSR method. Estimated limits of detection (LOD) were 0.106, 0.047 and 0.079 mg/L for TAR, CR, and AB, respectively, and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.355, 0.157 and 0.265 mg/L for TAR, CR, and AB, respectively. Quantitative determination of the three azo dyes was performed following optimized adsorption experiments onto chitosan beads of mixtures of TAR, CR and AB. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies were carried out, proving that the proposed PLSR method is rapid, accurate and reliable.

摘要：In view of the deficiencies in landscaping of commercial pedestrian streets,this study elaborated the functions of plant landscapes,such as improving the street environment,beautifying the street,creating spaces of diversified uses,and attracting more *** the basis of this,plant landscape design principles and techniques for commercial pedestrian streets were put forward,by combining with successful cases,relevant design suggestions were given for particular streets or environments,so as to provide references for the landscaping of commercial pedestrian streets.

摘要：In a context of growing efforts to develop sustainability strategies, energy-related issues occupy central stage in the built environment. Thus, the energy performance of housings has improved radically over the past decades. Yet other types of buildings, in particular commercial centers, haven’t received the same level of interest. As a result, there is a need for effective and practical measures to decrease their energy consumption, both for heating and electricity. The objective of the paper is to demonstrate that it is possible, through coherent strategies, to integrate energy issues and bioclimatic principles into the design process of commercial centers. It analyzes the exemplary case study of Marin commercial Center (Switzerland). The interdisciplinary approach, based on integrated design strategies, aimed at increasing the energy efficiency while keeping the cost comparable to the market cost. The main design principles include natural ventilation, nighttime cooling with energy recovery and natural lighting, as well as optimization of mechanical systems. The results of the simulations show that Marin Center attains the best energy performance observed so far among Swiss commercial centers. It also meets the Swiss Minergie standard. The paper thus questions traditional design processes and outlines the need for interdisciplinary evaluation and monitoring approaches tailored for commercial centers. Even though most crucial decisions are taken during the early stages, all phases of the process require systematic optimization strategies, especially operating stages. Recommendations include legal measures, in particular in the fields of ventilation and air-conditioning, education, professional development and technology transfer, and financial incentives for the replacement of energy intensive installations.

摘要：外省青年──北京人海中的孤独群落张卫民“外省青年”的历史演变１９世纪的法国小说是最常见到“外省青年”一词，望文生义他说：“外省青年”是来自外省的人，他们不是巴黎人，在１９世纪的欧洲，巴黎是文化与艺术时尚的发散地。一个地道的巴黎还意味着什么？优雅的谈吐...

摘要：技巧性策划十法技巧性策划从方式方法上来分析和说明公共关系工作的性质，揭示其策划机制和策划技巧。技巧性策划也可称之为“综合技巧法”，核心是“技巧”，特点是“综合”，其策划的关键在于针对性和灵活性。技巧性策划有一种方法。一、宣传法指通过宣传的途径达到构建...

摘要：如果有人问,来到平遥的第一站应该去哪里,我会给他推荐清虚观。曾经的道观如今已经成为平遥县综合博物馆,展示了平遥从远古的洪荒时代开始的悠悠历史,以前古陶人使用过的生活用品、创造出的民间工艺品,在时光变迁之后蒙上了岁月的尘土,却散发出了历史的光芒。其中最值得一看的当属全国独一无二的纱阁戏人,那些古城居民曾经拥有的太平生活,曾经相伴的绕梁唱腔,都在这个小小的纱阁中继续上演……