摘要：Weani ng from mechanical ventilation in the in tensive care unit (ICU) is a complex clinical problem and relevant for future organ engineering. Prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) leads to a range of medical complications that increases length of stay and costs as well as contributes to morbidity and even mortality and long-term quality of life. The need to reduce MV is both clinical and economical. Artificial intelligence or machine learning (ML) methods are promising opportunities to positively influence patient outcomes. ML methods have been proposed to enhance clinical decisions processes by using the large amount of digital information generated in the ICU setting. There is a particular interest in empirical methods (such as ML) to improve management of "difficult-to-wean" patients, due to the associated costs and adverse events associated with this population. A systematic literature search was performed using the OVID, IEEEXplore, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. All publications that included (1) the application of ML to weaning from MV in the ICU and (2) a clinical outcome measurement were reviewed. A checklist to assess the study quality of medical ML publications was modified to suit the critical assessment of ML in MV weaning literature. The systematic search identified nine studies that used ML for weaning management from MV in critical care. The weaning management application areas included (1) prediction of successful spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs),(2) prediction of successful extubation,(3) prediction of arterial blood gases, and (4) ventilator setting and oxygenation-adjustment advisory systems. Seven of the nine studies scored seven out of eight on the quality index. The remaining two of the nine studies scored one out of eight on the quality index. This scoring may, in part, be explained by the publications' focus on technical novelty, and therefore focusing on issues most important to a technical audience, instead of issues most impor

摘要：Translation is an important medium of cultural *** is not a mere transfer of two languages,but the interaction of two *** misreading,which results from cultural discrepancy and translator’s subjectivity,truly reflects where the blockade and conflict in the cultural communication *** misreading is an objective phenomenon that exists in the entire process of *** paper intends to make a comprehensive analysis and discussion on The History of the Former Han Dynasty:a critical Translation with Annotations translated by Homer Hasenpflug *** for the reasons of cultural misreading,this paper divides them into three types—language,thinking habit,traditional *** is to be hoped that this paper will draw more attention from the translation circle to the phenomena,and make contribution to the development of literary translation.

摘要：This paper aims to analyze the features of chairman speeches and their translations with the critical genre analysis *** processing the annual reports in Hang Seng China's Mainland Property Index2017,we found though chairman speeches contain specific move structures and perspicuous communication purposes,industry environment and self-interest contribution has a profound impact on the wording and rhetorical choices of the chairman speeches,and this can be explained as:the interactivity creates an interdiscursive relationship between business genre community and industry *** translatorsand translation teachers,this method maybe a good chance to understand the related industry and select adequate translation and teaching strategies for expected results.

摘要：William Makepeace Thackeray is a great critical realistic writer,whose works are very *** his masterpiece,Vanity Fair,has superb artistic ***’s description and satirical criticism of the life of the bourgeoisie and aristocracy is sharp,penetrating and *** Vanity Fair fully embodies his viewpoint that a novel should reflect nature and reality,and transmit the real situation and true feelings.

摘要：This paper presents a holistic methodology for the design of medical device software, which encompasses of a new way of eliciting requirements, system design process, security design guideline, cloud architecture design, combinatorial testing process and agile project management. The paper uses point of care diagnostics as a case study where the software and hardware must be robust, reliable to provide accurate diagnosis of diseases. As software and software intensive systems are becoming increasingly complex, the impact of failures can lead to significant property damage, or damage to the environment. Within the medical diagnostic device software domain such failures can result in misdiagnosis leading to clinical complications and in some cases death. Software faults can arise due to the interaction among the software, the hardware, third party software and the operating environment. Unanticipated environmental changes and latent coding errors lead to operation faults despite of the fact that usually a significant effort has been expended in the design, verification and validation of the software system. It is becoming increasingly more apparent that one needs to adopt different approaches, which will guarantee that a complex software system meets all safety, security, and reliability requirements, in addition to complying with standards such as IEC 62304. There are many initiatives taken to develop safety and security critical systems, at different development phases and in different contexts, ranging from infrastructure design to device design. Different approaches are implemented to design error free software for safety critical systems. By adopting the strategies and processes presented in this paper one can overcome the challenges in developing error free software for medical devices (or safety critical systems).

摘要：结合虹桥国际机场扩建工程中的工程实例,解决联络道、站坪道面与仪表着陆系统保护区发生冲突的问题。从工程设计、工程施工角度提出了不同的方案,并对其进行了方案比选:采用本文推荐的方案投资小、工期短、工艺简单,能够产生可观的实际效益,对国内其他遇到类似问题的机场,提供了良好的工程范例。

摘要：At present,there are few programs that can be used directly for ADS sub-critical core design and burnup problem mainly because most programs cannot simultaneously calculate proton spallation processes and transport problems of high-energy *** we use the COUPLE3.0 to accomplish all the calculation task in this *** COUPLE3.0 program is a three-dimensional transport-burnup simulation program developed by Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of *** transport calculation part of COUPLE3.0 program is Monte Carlo code MCNPX2.7 and the burnup calculation is performed by *** of COUPLE3.0 program has been verified by a lot of *** COUPLE3.0 program has four function modules:neutron irradiation burnup calculation,proton irradiation calculation,critical calculation and the data post-processing *** these function modules,COUPLE3.0 program can solve the neutron problem of ADS system.

摘要：探讨异VC钠产品发酵工序的HACCP系统文件体系的建立,对其操作过程中各个环节可能造成潜在危害进行分析,评估危害并建立控制系统,确定关键控制点、临界范围、监测体系、纠偏措施,把生产过程中的危害因素降到最低限度,从而形成适用于深层发酵的HACCP管理体系。对HACCP系统在发酵深层培养产品生产中的应用有普遍的适用性。

摘要：This article focused on the application of ethnography as a qualitative study in developing non-English majors’intercultural communication competence(ICC).The PEER model guided student researchers through the interdependent phrases of preparing,engaging,evaluating and reflecting in the research *** addition,the four components of Byram’s ICC model,namely,knowledge,skills,attitudes,and critical awareness,were used to assess students’ICC development.

摘要：This review is intended to help clinicians design drug regimens for special populations of critically ill patients with extremes of body size, habitus and composition that make drug choice or dosing particularly challenging due to the lack of high-level evidence on which to make wellinformed clinical decisions. The data sources included a literature search of MEDLINE and EMBASE with reviews of reference lists of retrieved articles. Abstracts of original research investigations and review papers were reviewed for their relevance to drug choice or dosing in the following special critically ill populations: patients with more severeforms of bodyweight or height, patients with amputations or missing limbs, pregnant patients, and patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or plasma exchange. Relevant papers were retrieved and evaluated, and their associated reference lists were reviewed for citations that may have been missed through the electronic search strategy. Relevant original research investigations and review papers that could be used to formulate general principles for drug choice or dosing in special populations of critically ill patients were extracted. Randomized studies with clinically relevant endpoints were not available for performing quantitative analyses. critically ill patients with changes in body size, habitus and composition require special consideration when designing medication regimens, but there is a paucity of literature on which to make drug-specific, high-level evidencebased recommendations. Based on the evidence that is available, general recommendations are provided for drug choice or dosing in special critically ill populations.