摘要：The two-way interaction between smart grid and customers will continuously play an important role in enhan-cing the overall efficiency of the green and low-carbon electric power industry and properly accommodating intermittent renewable energy *** far,the existing electricity pricing mechanisms hardly match the technical properties of smart grid;neither can they facilitate increasing end users participating in the electri-city *** this paper,several relevant models and novel methods are proposed for pricing scheme design as well as to achieve optimal decision-makings for market participants,in which the mechanisms behind are com-patible with demand response operation of end users in the smart *** electric vehicles and prosumers are jointly considered by complying with the technical constraints and intrinsic economic *** on the demand response of controllable loads,the real-time pricing,rewarding pricing and insurance pricing methods are proposed for the retailers and their bidding decisions for the wholesale market are also presented to increase the penetration level of renewable *** proposed demand response oriented electricity pricing scheme can provide some useful operational references on the cooperative operation of controllable loads and renewable energy through the feasible retail and wholesale market pricing methods,and thereby enhancing the development of the low-carbon energy system.

摘要：Initiated and approved in 2009,the project of Development Pattern and Implementation Design of Smart Energy Resource Grid in China is now accomplished with the research achievement released to the public and highly valued by authorized organizations such as the Global Smart Grid *** this paper,based on the description of the research achievement,the advantages of the smart energy resource grid in China and the consequential changes are analyzed and discussed,involving the industries of electric power,oil and gas,energy storage,water supply,architecture and transportations etc.