摘要：With the rapid development of economy, China still can not change the fate of becoming a manufacturing country. The lag of design education is an important factor, and therefore re-combing design education in China that has been through and re-examining the current education system designs and patterns of education reformations have become essential.

摘要：Understanding the cognitive processes of the human mind is necessary to further learn about design thinking processes. Cognitive studies are also significant in the research about design studio. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of designers intelligence quotient （lOJ on their designs. The statistical population in this study consisted of all Deylaman Institute of Higher education architecture graduate students enrolled in 2011. Sixty of these students were selected via simple random sampling based on the finite population sample size calculation formula. The students＇ IQ was measured using Raven＇s Progressive Matrices. The students＇ scores in Architecture design Studio （ADS） courses from first grade （ADS-l） to fifth grade （ADS-5） and the mean scores of the design courses were used in determining the students＇ design ability. Inferential statistics, as well as correlation analysis and mean comparison test for independent samples with SPSS, were also employed to analyze the research data. Results indicated that the students＇ IQ ADS-1 to ADS-4 scores, and the mean scores of the students＇ design courses were not significantly correlated. By contrast, the students＇ IQ and ADS-5 scores were significantly correlated. As the complexity of the design problem and designers＇ experience increased, the effect of IQ on design seemingly intensified.

摘要：Consciousness is the main quality one can ask architecture students. Consciousness means the ability to recognize that the design process is a ＂problem solving＂ activity and not an exercise of uncontrolled imagination. In architectural education, small structures are a common subject in American and European universities where the inductive teaching is practiced routinely. This teaching experiment is developed within a design studio course in the second year of an architecture degree course and regards design and construction of a small bridge l：l scale. The exercises focus on the role of structural behaviour within architectural design. The teaching method contributes to the perception of the great complexity of the design process, to the acquisition of an attitude of prudence in design choices and to attention to detail in the development of creativity.

摘要：The urban developments have been carried out by only professionals for a long time because of efficiency and safety. However, most residents are ordinary people. Therefore, it is necessary to change the awareness of sustainable living environments, not only on the construction side but also the residents. In recent years, the number of cases of residents＇ participation in planning, maintaining, and repairing increased. However, sometimes youths and children, who might spend a lifetime longer than adults in a city after the developments have been done, are not included in this ＂Residents＂. Conceming youth and children＇s participation, CFC （child friendly city） is one of the good practices for sustainable development. It was launched by UNICEF （United Nations Intemational Children＇s Emergency Fund） and UN-Habitat in the Habitat II in 1996. City governments, especially in European countries, started to view CFC as their key concept for preservation and/or sustainable development. CFC means not only being ＂Children＂ friendly but also ＂All people＂ friendly. Various effects have been reported since the Historic Cities/districts included CFC in their city planning as a common concept, especially in education, community re-development, and operation and maintenance by the community. It is expected that better city planning in preservation and sustainable development can be achieved by adding CFC concept. In this research, an ideal way of city planning involving resident participation and the possibility in the future are analyzed based on case studies. Then a strategy of sustainable development and community planning involving youth and children＇s participation is proposed.