摘要：Two models for prediction of the activity and stability of site-directed mutagenesis on tumor necrosis factor-α are established. The models are based on straightforward structural considerations, which do not require the elaboration of site-directed mutagenesis on the protein core and the hydrophobic surface area by analyzing the properties of the mutated amino acid residues. The reliabilities of the models have been tested by analyzing the mutants of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) whose two leucine residues (L29, L157) were mutated. Based on these models, a TNF-α mutant with high activity was created by molecular design.

摘要：A simplified adaptive wing, which deflects its leading edge and trailing edge flaps to vary its shape, is calculated to investigate the potential aerodynamic gains and compared with a biobjective optimization (BO) wing in the present paper. In subsonic-transonic flights the deflection angle of a flap is determined through optimization using a deterministic method. In supersonic flight the flaps are not deflected due to the requirement of having a minimum drag. For comparison the aerodynamic characteristics of a BO airfoil and wing is calculated. A parallel genetic algorithm is used in BO. Euler equations served as governing equations in flow field calculation. Numerical results in both 2D (airfoil) and 3D (wing) cases show that aerodynamic performances of the two design.airfoils and wings are much better than those of the original ones, with the adaptive design.one the best. Keywords simplified adaptive wing - biobjective optimization - airfoil and wing design

摘要：The kinematic design.issue of Gough-Stewart platforms is investigated. Based upon a full understanding of the geometrical characteristics of workspace boundary, a spherically-shaped prescribed workspace having a given orientation capability is defined for the synthesis of a well behaved workspace. Two performance measures are presented, i.e. the local dexterity and workspace radius ratio. The dimensions of the platform are determined with a prior knowledge of how the design.parameters affect the dexterity and workspace radius ratio, resulting in an optimal design.in terms of these performance indices. An example of application to the kinematic design.of a hexapod machine tool is given to illustrate the effectiveness of this approach.

摘要：Despite a short history of the Web development, Web-related technologies are rapidly develop- ing. However, the Web application quality is improving slowly, which requires efficient methods for devel- oping Web systems. This study presents a model for Web-based software development for analysis and design.phases based on the ISO/IEC 12207 standard. It describes the methods used to define processes and entities in order to reflect the contents in Web applications. It applies the methodology of Web-Road Map by KCC Information and Technology using this model to the public project. As a result, Web-Road Map is proven to be an efficient model to analyze and design.Web-applications.

摘要：A new method, called the simplex method, is proposed to generate the uniform design.over a convex polyhedron in n-dimensional Euclidean

摘要：A harmonic diffractive element (HDE) is first successfully introduced to the athermal system of infrared dual band in this paper. In this system, there are only three lens and two materials, silicon and germanium. When the temperature ranges from 70℃ to 100℃ in the dual band, it can simultaneously accomplish the rectification of the longitudinal aberration in the big field of view, as well as the wave front aberration less than 1/4 wavelength. Modulation transfer function of dual band approaches or attains the diffraction limit. The calculation results show that the spec-tral properties of the HDE are between refractive and dif-fractive elements, so we can design.a simple dual-band and athermal optical system by selecting the thickness and cen-tral wavelength of the HDE exactly. Compared with a con-ventional refractive optical system, this system not only re-duces the demand for high technical levels, but also has a compact structure, few elements, a high transmittance better aberrations performances and athermal character. At the same time, the use of the HDE also offers a new element for the infrared optics design.

摘要：This paper proposes a class of linear models with inequable variance, based on background in genetic linkage analysis, and considers the optimal design.problem for the hypothesis test of the parameters in such models. To assess a design.for the test, a frame of decision theory is established. Under this frame, an admissible minimax design.is obtained. It is shown to be not only admissible and minimax in genetic linkage analysis, but best among a reasonable subclass of design.. The power of the test in genetic linkage analysis is substantially improved by using this optimal design.

摘要：A numerical procedure for hydrodynamic redesign.of the conventional vaned diffuser into the low solidity vaned diffuser by means of a real-coded genetic algorithm with Boltzmann, Tournament and Roulette Wheel selection is presented. In the first part, an investigation on the relative efficiency of the different real-coded genetic algorithm is carried out on a typical mathematical test function. The real-coded genetic algorithm with Boltzmann selection shows the best optimization performance compared to the Tournament and Roulette Wheel selection. In the second part, an approach to redesign.the vaned diffuser profile is introduced. Goal of the optimum design.is to search the highest static pressure recovery coefficient and low solidity vaned diffuser. The result of the low solidity vaned diffuser optimum design.confirms that the efficiency and optimization performance of the real-coded Boltzmann selection genetic algorithm outperforms the other selection methods. A comparison between the design.d low solidity vaned diffuser and original vaned diffuser shows that the diffuser pump with the redesign.d low solidity vaned diffuser has the higher static pressure recovery and improved total hydrodynamic performance. In addition, the smaller outlet diameter of design.d vaned diffuser tends to a more compact size of diffuser pump compared to the original diffuser pump. The obtained results also demonstrate the real-coded Boltzmann selection genetic algorithm is a promising optimization algorithm for centrifugal pumps design.

摘要：With the persistent efforts of the emerging concepts as well as new types of decoration materials, modem interior design.concepts usher in a new round of innovation. Facing the impact of the new innovative ideas, the Chinese traditional culture and art urgently need a way to combine efficient with the modern design.concept.

摘要：As the major component of the art of visual communication, modern graphic design.art has gone from an industrialized society to the information society. The Chinese art of graphic design.is much affected by eastern and western cultural trends and artistic styles in concept, function and in the form of semantic and performance. Under the trend of the diversified development of the modern design. new concepts intervened in our lifestyle, in the guided thinking and emotional expression, we find that laws used in the graphic design.are gradually being broken, inherent symbol phenomenon is deconstrncted, and people try to find the rational visual space in the mileage crossing the centuries.