摘要：1 Introduction—starting at noetic science One question that has long puzzled the artificial intelligence(Al)community is:Can Al be creative?Or,can the reasoning process be creative?Starting at noetic science,this paper discusses the issues of visual knowledge representation and its potential applications to machine *** this paper,we enumerate related research on imagery-thinking-based reasoning,then focus on a special type of visual knowledge representation,i.e.,visual scene graph,and finally review the problem of visual scene graph construction and its potential applications in detail.

摘要：Former knowledge engineering research aimed at boosting automatic *** recent knowledge management research focused on promoting the knowledge sharing and reusing among the *** of the different aims between the two directions,former knowledge representation schemata,such as rule based representation,frame from knowledge engineering research does not fit to the current knowledge management *** this paper,for the purpose of building knowledge management systems for product design enterprises,knowledge items are classified into seven types based on the semantics of their *** their representations are discussed *** on the above classification,a knowledge representation meta-model and a basic domain ontology reference model for cooperative knowledge management systems are put *** reference model is an abstraction that can be reused and extended in knowledge management systems of different ***,the patterns of knowledge acquisition processes in cooperative knowledge management scenarios of product design processes are studied.

摘要：Implicit knowledge acquisition is the goal of second language (L2) learning. Ellis (2006;2009) argues that it is implicit rather than explicit knowledge which underlines linguistic competence reflected in actual speech production and comprehension. Thus, this review aims to elucidatethe theoretical nature of implicit and explicit linguistics knowledge and how these types of knowledge are distinguished in terms of their representation and processing in use. The overall goal is to make the understanding of implicit knowledge easier to a wide audience of L2 researchers, especially those who are not interested in the absence of awareness of the target feature to be learnt at the point of learning.

摘要：Based on the framework of classroom teaching learning process analysis, this study explores the relationship between language proficiency and the acquisition of teaching knowledge in the sample of three English repetitive lessons in senior high school by two English student teachers. After quantitative and qualitative analysis, it was found that the higher the level of language, the greater the improvement of teaching knowledge;the student with high language level has made rapid progress in teaching design, slow progress in teaching management and student learning, while the progress of the student with low language level is slow in all aspects. This study has important reference value for pre-service foreign language teacher education.

摘要：结合国内图书馆普遍开展的论文引证检索服务的实际需求,在大量工作实践的基础上,设计并实现了一款基于ISI Web of knowledge平台检索结果引证检索统计报告的软件,能够根据不同的统计指标,对检索结果进行快速统计。实践证明,该软件提高了工作效率的同时,保证了正确率。

摘要：Innovation design for complex products is a difficult issue in the military manufacturing industry. Ontology may provide a feasible way to rebuild the design process for complex products via sharing and reusing of design knowledge. In this paper, a design method used in the innovation design process of the complex products with knowledge modeling is proposed. knowledge modeling is realized through ontology construction by combining the cycling evolutional theory of constructing ontology and OWL (Ontology Web Language)-based knowledge representation. As a case study, the satellite is selected as one of the complex products. The application domain of the satellite ontology is analyzed. According to the analysis result, the knowledge structure of satellite ontology is put forward based on OWL. The application of satellite product design shows that the method can effectively organize and reuse the knowledge resources in the innovation design of complex product and help companies to create more competitive products based on the existing knowledge and experience.

摘要：With the aim to address the problems presented in knowledge utilization in knowledge-intensive enterprises, the ontology-based proactive knowledge system （OPKS） is put forward to improve knowledge utilization. Proactive knowledge service is taken as the basic idea in the OPKS. The user knowledge requirement is taken as the driving factor and described by the user knowledge requirement. Ontologies are used to present the semantic of heterogeneous knowledge sources and ontology mapping is used to realize the interoperation of heterogeneous knowledge sources. The required knowledge is found by matching the user knowledge requirement with knowledge sources and is provided to the user proactively. System analysis and design of OPKS is carded on by adopting UML. The OPKS is implemented in Java language. Application in a certain institute shows that the OPKS can raise efficiency of knowledge utilization in knowledge-intensive enterprises.

摘要：In this paper, it is emphasized that taking into consideration of imperfection of knowledge, of the team of the designers/developers, about the problem domains and environments is essential in order to develop robust software metrics and systems. In this respect, first various possible types of imperfections in knowledge are discussed and then various available formal/mathematical models for representing and handling these imperfections are discussed. The discussion of knowledge classification & representation is from computational perspective and that also within the context of software development enterprise, and not necessarily from organizational management, from library & information science, or from psychological perspectives.

摘要：Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate oncology nurses' knowledge and compliance with oral mucositis (OM) management ***: A cross-sectional design with a nonparticipant observation approach was *** phase Ⅰ,a cross-sectional convenience sample (n =140) of oncology nurses completed the knowledge *** phase Ⅱ,a random sample (n =20) of oncology nurses from participants in phase I was observed during their ***: Fifty-seven (40.7%) of the participants had an unsatisfactory level of *** of them had knowledge deficits regarding pathology,OM definition,assessment,scoring,treatment,and patient education and advice.A significant difference existed among nurses with diploma,bachelor,and postgraduate degrees as determined by one-way ANOVA (P =0.001).There were no significant difference between average scores of male and female nurses were higher than those of nurses (P=0.45).No significant difference was observed among knowledge scores of nurses with different job titles (P =0.51).The average score of male nurses in terms of skill performance was higher than that of female nurses (29.20 ± 2.10 vs 27.10 ± 1.80) without statistical ***: The knowledge and compliance with OM management guidelines among Jordanian oncology nurses need to be *** OM prevention and management guidelines are adopted in *** education and training are also recommended.

摘要：本文介绍了ISI Web of knowledge平台的主要内容、功能以及在科学研究中的应用。ISI Web of knowledge是为科研人员建立的研究平台,提供自然科学、社会科学、人文与艺术等领域的学术资源,通过将高质量的学术信息与搜索、分析等工具的有效整合,在很大程度上加速了科学发现与创新的进程,在科学研究中有重要应用。