摘要：Oesophageal cancer is a devastating disease with poor outcomes and is the sixth leading cause of cancer death *** the setting of resectable disease,there is clear evidence that neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy result in improved ***,only 15%-30%of patients obtain a histopathological response to neoadjuvant therapy,often at the expense of significant *** are no predictive biomarkers in routine clinical use in this setting and the ability to stratify patients for treatment could dramatically improve *** this review,we aim to outline current progress in evaluating predictive transcriptomic biomarkers for neoadjuvant therapy in oesophageal cancer and discuss the challenges facing biomarker development in this *** place these issues in the wider context of recommendations for biomarker development and *** majority of studies focus on messenger RNA(mRNA)and microRNA(miRNA)*** studies report a range of different genes involved in a wide variety of pathways and biological processes,and this is explained to a large extent by the different platforms and analysis methods *** studies are also vastly underpowered so are not suitable for identifying a candidate *** molecular subtypes of oesophageal cancer have been proposed,although little is known about how these relate to clinical *** anticipate that the accumulating wealth of genomic and transcriptomic data and clinical trial collaborations in the coming years will provide unique opportunities to stratify patients in this poor-prognosis disease and recommend that future biomarker development incorporates well-designed retrospective and prospective analyses.