摘要：By introducing sequential and logical relationship factors into ASI (American SuppliersInstitute) Clausing/Makabe-QFD Model, a more practical model of QFD (quality FunctionDeployment) is presented. Based on that the quality requirements are converted into designspecifications and technical measures step by step in this model, logical relationship factors canclassify the related Hows (how to do, the quality measures) into groups, each of which should belogical to individual What (what to do, the quality goal). Sequential factors can express theimplementing sequence of Hows. A feasibility evaluation method is proposed to eliminate the inferiorgroups of Hows. This improved QFD model can provide enough information to produce a practicalquality plan.

摘要：Increased market competition means that quality, cost and delivery time are crucial elements of modern production techniques. Taguchi’s robust design is the most powerful method available for reducing product cost, improving quality, and simultaneously reducing development time. Robust design aims to reduce the impact of noise on the product or process quality and leads to greater customer satisfaction and higher operational performance. The objective of robust design is to minimize the total quality loss in products or processes. The PQL model proposed by this paper simultaneously optimizes the static and dynamic problems by minimizing the total quality loss. Using the proposed PQL model and steps for optimization, the method addresses complex parameter design, which varies with the properties and objectives of the experimental data, to improve the product quality. The example of an electron beam surface hardening process is provided to demonstrate the implementation and usefulness of the proposed method.

摘要：The proposed phantom is designed for the quality control of micro-SPECT/CT and micro-PET/CT systems. However, it is an assembly of six patterns stored in a cylindrical box enabling to control both micro-SPECT unit in terms of uniformity, spatial linearity and spatial resolution and micro-CT unit in terms of uniformity, spatial linearity, spatial resolution, diffusion rate, low contrast detectability, Hounsfield unit linearity and slice thickness. The construction material is Plexiglas. As for the implementation, it was made on a micro-SPECT/CT machine of the type “speCZT eXplore CT 120”. Compared to the NEMA NU 4-2008 image quality phantom, this phantom offers micro-CT quality control and is more efficient in control of spatial resolution for micro-SPECT and micro- PET systems.

摘要：Designing technologies is a process that relies on multiple interactions between design and use contexts. These interactions are essential to the development and establishment of technologies. This article seeks to understand the attempts of healthcare organisations to integrate use contexts into the design of healthcare technologies following insights of the theoretical approaches of social learning and user representations. We present a multiple case study of three healthcare technologies involved in improving elderly care practice. These cases were part of a Dutch quality improvement collaborative program, which urged that development of these technologies was not “just” development, but should occur in close collaboration with other parts of the collaborative program, which were more focused on implementation. These cases illustrate different ways to develop technologies in interaction with use contexts and users. Despite the infrastructure of the collaborative program, interactions were not without problems. We conclude by arguing that interactions between design and use are not naturally occurring phenomena, but must be actively organised in order to create effects.

摘要：由于新兴处理器、内存和网络技术的显著进步,百亿亿级系统将在未来几年(2020–2022)推出。随着百亿亿级系统被配置和使用,具有更细粒度、更短时间步长和更大数据量的下一代应用程序将被持续需求。从发展趋势看,2025–2035年间,下一代应用程序将需要超百亿亿级系统。本文关注超百亿亿级系统在网络和通信方面面临的挑战。首先,提出超百亿亿级系统的设想架构。其次,从不同方面阐述面临的挑战,包括多种网络技术、高性能通信和同步协议、加速器和现场可编程门户阵列的集成支持、容错和服务质量支持、能量感知通信方案和协议、软件定义网络以及多种内存和存储器的可扩展通信协议。再次,指出在这些系统上进行支持高性能计算、大数据和深度学习的高效编程模型设计面临的挑战。最后,强调了这些系统的上层共同设计运行时间的关键需求,以实现最优性能和可扩展性。

摘要：为快速准确地实现潮汐河网突发性水污染的溯源,提出了基于水环境模型和数据库的溯源方法。以西江、北江佛山段为案例,基于EFDC(environmental fluid dynamics code)和WASP(water quality analysis simulation program)模型建立了研究区域的水动力模型、常规污染物水质模型以及有毒污染物水质模型;识别和筛选了研究区域的水环境风险源,并以此建立有毒污染物溯源数据库和常规污染物溯源数据库;最后以研究案例区内禅城沙口站监测到Cr6+超标为假设情景案例,通过数据库查询,使用反向计算确定3种可能的污染源排放情况下污染物初始排放量,再通过试错法,应用模型正向计算得到最终可能的污染源位置及对应的排放量,快速准确地完成污染物溯源。

摘要：地震勘探工作中地震采集系统的设计是最为重要的环节,影响到后期资料处理的质量,本文在分析观测系统采集质量与各个参数设置的关系的基础上,提出了基于观测系统综合质量因子评价方法,即接收道数、炮线距、接收线距和接收线数等四个采集参数,给出了观测系统采集质量随四参数变化的关系式。我们根据实际的野外资料利用观测系统综合质量因子评价方法,分析了观测系统质量与四参数的变化关系,结果显示炮线距对观测系统质量影响最大,而接收线距的增大可以适当的提高观测系统质量,接收道数增加可以提高观测系统质量。并利用正演和偏移方法生成不同采集参数的叠前偏移剖面,对比结果表明用本文方法分析结果和偏移剖面结果是一致的,不同的采集参数对浅层和深层同相轴质量有不同的影响,因此生产中我们应根据目的层深度选择合理的采集参数,可结合质量因子评价方法分析优选采集参数。

摘要：为了在选择概念设计方案时实现顾客需求与专家经验知识的协调决策,提出基于质量屋与排序组织法的产品概念决策方法。通过模糊质量屋的关联矩阵与自相关矩阵进行顾客需求向产品技术特征的转换,将概念方案决策矩阵建立于质量屋的输出结果之后,利用所输出的技术特征权重值进行模糊排序组织法的综合排序,排序组织法所使用的偏好函数由专家根据产品的技术特点构造。以实例说明了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

摘要：综述了近年来供应链各方非合作和合作两种情形下质量控制与协调方面的相关研究,主要包括质量控制与协调策略的选择和基于产品质量的合同设计等内容。进一步,给出了供应链质量控制与协调研究的分析框架。

摘要：为了满足电解加工综合指标最优需求,在考虑设计目标健壮性的基础上,文章建立了基于质量功能展开(QFD)的电解加工工艺的健壮优化设计模型。通过正交试验对电流模式、加工电压和进给速度3个影响因素进行定性定量分析,构建较优组合方案,计算出指标预估计值,并验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。