摘要：Background:renal artery stenosis (RAS) is always associated with abnormalities in renal microvascular perfusion (RMP).However,few imaging methods can simultaneously evaluate the degree of luminal stenosis and ***,this study will aim to evaluate the feasibility of using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for assessing both RAS and RMP to achieve a one-stop assessment of patients with suspected renovascular hypertension. Methods:This will be a single-center diagnostic study with a sample size of *** with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and suspected of having resistant hypertension will be *** with Stages 1–3 CKD will undergo CEUS and computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA).Values obtained by CEUS and CTA for diagnosing low-grade (lumen reduced by <60%) and high-grade (lumen reduced by ≥60%) RAS will be ***,all patients will also undergo radionuclide *** diagnostic value for RAS will be assessed by the receiver operating characteristic curve,including the accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive values,negative predictive values,and area under the *** correlation analysis will be performed to assess the association between CEUS findings for RMP and glomerular filtration rate measured by a radionuclide imaging method. Conclusion:The data gathered from this study will be used to evaluate the feasibility of expanding clinical applications of CEUS for evaluation of patients with suspected renovascular hypertension.

摘要：在31具正常大月龄新鲜死胎标本上,用红、蓝色乳胶血管灌注后,测量了与移植有关的血管的口径,观察了肾、输尿管及其入口周围膀胱壁的血供来源。为保存输尿管下段及其入口周围膀胱壁的血液供应,设计了新的吻合术式。从应用解剖学角度就低温灌洗途径、腹主动脉上段的解剖方法及血管显示等问题提出了改进的建议。

摘要：目的:比较4个常用药物治疗2次信息源中肾功能损害时调整药物剂量的建议。研究设计:对4个信息(数据)来源中肾损害的定义、药物剂量调整的建议和相关的支持证据进行系统比较。数据来源:英国国家处方指南(BritishNationalFormulary,BNF),Martindale药物参考大全(theCompleteDrugReference),美国医院处方指南系统药物信息(AmericanHospitalFormularySystemDrugInformation),和肾衰竭药物处方(DrugPrescribinginrenalFailure)。回顾方法:由两个人独立地对我院常用的100种药物在肾损害时的剂量调整建议进行数据收集。结果:4个信息源中对药物剂量调整和给药间隔的建议有所不同。对肾损害的定义也不尽相同,有些仍采用定性方法并且不是非常清楚。所有信息源只是提供了一个概括的描述性建议,而对得出这些建议的方法及参考的原始数据则罕有提及。结论:4个信息源中在肾损害定义和相关用药建议上存在显著的差异,而且对得出建议的方法缺乏详细的描述,这使得现用的药物信息源非常不适于指导临床应用。我们认为,应该将获取信息的方法及应用的资料提供给读者,关于如何处方药物、给药剂量及间隔、禁忌证和不良反应方面的建议应当是建立在证据基础上的。

摘要：连续性肾脏替代疗法(continuous renal replacement therapy,CRRT)在临床危重患者救治方面的应用越来越广泛^[1-3]。我科引进的治疗设备为金宝公司出品的PRISMA,其优点是所配套的血管路装置无动静脉壶及输液接口装置,此设计装置密闭性好,可以减少血液与空气的接触,增强安全系数;[第一段]