摘要：Building a cloud geodatabase for a sponge city is crucial to integrate the geospatial information dispersed in various departments for multi-user high concurrent access and retrieval,high scalability and availability,efficient storage and *** this study,Hadoop distributed computing framework,including Hadoop distributed file system and MapReduce(mapper and reducer),is firstly designed with a parallel computing framework to process massive spatial ***,access control with a series of standard application programming interfaces for different functions is designed,including spatial data storage layer,cloud geodatabase access layer,spatial data access layer and spatial data analysis ***,a retrieval model is designed,including direct addressing via file name,three-level concurrent retrieval and block data retrieval *** functions are realised,including real-time concurrent access,high-performance computing,communication,massive data storage,efficient retrieval and scheduling decisions on the multi-scale,multi-source and massive spatial ***,the performance of Hadoop cloud geodatabases is validated and compared with that of the Oracle *** cloud geodatabase for the sponge city can avoid redundant configuration of personnel,hardware and software,support the data transfer,model debugging and application development,and provide accurate,real-time,virtual,intelligent,reliable,elastically scalable,dynamic and on-demand cloud services of the basic and thematic geographic information for the construction and management of the sponge city.

摘要：Due to environmental awareness, demand for watercourse landscape eco- function is growing domestically. However, flood control and drainage are the only focuses, and the rest functions of water course are slighted. Besides, cross-section biodiversity is falling and wetland self-cleaning capacity is impairing, resulting from river limitation on riverbed, making a straight river bend and revetment. So, water course has to be managed from ecology, economy, culture and social effect, to re- store natural river function and meet human demands. And to return to nature and people first would be the general principles.

摘要：自2012年4月'海绵城市'概念首次提出以来,在短短几年间,我国的海绵城市建设工作取得了极大的发展,目前全国已有130多个城市制定了海绵城市建设方案,早期的试点城市也取得了丰富的实践经验。作为城市发展理念和建设方式转型的重要标志,我国海绵城市建设还将持续相当长的一段时间。为使海绵城市的设计理念、规划编制、标准规范、设计施工、相关基础设施、建设运营及融资。

摘要：Due to the complexity of sustainable urban research,the environmental sustainability was *** the sponge city as an example,the case study was conducted based on the integrated geographic information system(GIS)and emergy *** results demonstrate that the emergy of agricultural crops,major industrial products,comprehensive energy products,imports and exports,waste products and increased natural system emergy are the decisive factors for the sustainability *** crops are the primary contributor,which accounts for 48.9%of the total emergy *** solid waste has a self-evident superiority in the waste products emergy *** water and vegetal biomass emergy possess the pivotal consequences,far higher than soil organic *** sewage treatment stations(0.11%)play a small role in the sustainability assessment of the sponge *** emergy sustainability index is 0.02181,which indicates poor environmental *** to the study results,increasing renewable energy input proportion and adopting the vegetal biomass of high unit emergy values(UEVs)can improve the sustainability level.