摘要：In order to improve the pollution control effect of nitrogen phosphorus and heavy metals in stormwater runoff by using the constructed wetlands factors such as medium plants pretreatments *** may influence the removal efficiency are discussed based on the current studies. The pollution control effect can be enhanced by the improvement of the design methods the components and management of constructed *** design methods aimed at controlling the stormwater runoff should be based on the hydrological data accumulated for *** development of novel medium and the selection of plants i.e. flood-tolerant and economical should be considered in advance. The management of constructed wetlands should be enhanced and the database of the stormwater in wetlands should be *** discussion above should be effective in improving the pollution control effect in stormwater runoff by applying constructed wetlands.

摘要：In order to have an in-depth understanding of road runoff characteristics and the linkages to their influential factors this paper investigates the road runoff quality in a city of South China *** rainfall events with different characteristics are monitored on a typical urban *** is noted that the road runoff quality is worse than Grade Ⅳ of environmental quality standards for surface *** means that the road runoff has posed a serious risk to water environment health. Furthermore the research outcomes indicate that first flush highly varies with rainfall patterns and pollutant *** means that for road runoff treatment design rainfall patterns as well as pollutant species should be taken into consideration and this is particularly essential to design first flush capturing devices. Additionally the threshold of an initial 3 to 5 mm rainfall depth is suggested to the first flush capturing device *** results provide useful suggestions to the effective road runoff treatment design.

摘要：stormwater quality design manuals lack scientifically creditable bases for many novel LID （Low-Impact Development） designs presently proposed to meet stormwater runoff management requirements. Potential stormwater pollutant adsorption and infiltration enhancement capabilities of forest-derived by-products （e.g. woodchips, bio-char） provide an opportunity to combine these readily availability materials into stormwater quality designs. On-site stormwater runoff treatment through determination of the soil-water transport and lead （Pb） retention capacity of two sandy soils from Oregon is considered. Using synthetic stormwater （-120 mg CI/L and -5 mg Pb/L） displacement tests in pairs ofABS （Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene） soil columns （75 mm dia by 0.46 m tall） with upward flow （to minimize air entrapment） saturated hydraulic conductivity, chloride dispersion and Pb retention by plain and amended soils is evaluated. Generally, soil amendment incorporation （woodchips, compost or biochar） as compared to an amendment layer resulted in improved hydraulic conductivities as compared to that of the soil alone. Chloride breakthrough curves verified that resident soil-water displacement occurred with 0.9 to 1.6 pore volumes and residence times for most columns were 15-30 minutes. No synthetic stormwater Pb ＂breakthrough＂ within the displaced or replaced soil-water was found, rather most Pb was adsorbed within the first 150 mm of soil.

摘要：Multi-objective optimization linked with an urban stormwater model is used in this study to identify cost-effective low impact development (LID) implementation designs for small urbanizing watersheds. The epsilon-Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (ε-NSGAII) has been coupled with the US Environmental Protection Agency’s stormwater Management Model (SWMM) to balance the costs and the hydrologic benefits of candidate LID solutions. Our objective in this study is to identify the near-optimal tradeoff between the total LID costs and the total watershed runoff volume constrained by pre-development peak flow rates. This study contributes a detailed analysis of the costs and benefits associated with the use of green roofs, porous pavement, and bioretention basins within a small urbanizing watershed inState College,Pennsylvania. Beyond multi-objective analysis, this paper also contributes improved SWMM representations of LID alternatives and demonstrates their usefulness for screening alternative site layouts for LID technologies.