摘要：structural design optimization has always been a topic of concern in industry because good design can improve the safety and economic efficiency of structures during their service *** the appropriate optimization algorithm is the key to solving structural optimal design *** this study,a new global optimization idea is proposed and named the moving baseline strategy.A baseline is initially set and will be repeatedly moving upward or downward to approach the optimal *** proposed strategy is a simple but effective,general,and stable algorithm that can be used to solve constrained and unconstrained structural optimization *** from traditional gradient-based,stochastic and heuristic algorithms,the developed algorithm provides a completely new idea to solve global or local optimization *** unconstrained and constrained numerical benchmark examples are used to test the proposed *** addition,structural optimal design problems of a ten-bar planar truss structure and a hypersonic wing structure(X-37B)are utilized to verify the effectiveness of the developed strategy in addressing structural design optimization problems in engineering.

摘要：This study reviews the state of the art in structural design and the corresponding mechanical behaviours of composite vascular grafts. We critically analyse surface and matrix designs composed of layered, embedded, and hybrid structures along the radial and longitudinal directions;materials and manufacturing techniques, such as tissue engineering and the use of textiles or their combinations;and the corresponding mechanical behaviours of composite vascular grafts in terms of their physical–mechanical properties, especially their stress–strain relationships and elastic recovery. The role of computational studies is discussed with respect to optimizing the geometrics designs and the corresponding mechanical behaviours to satisfy specialized applications, such as those for the aorta and its subparts. Natural and synthetic endothelial materials yield improvements in the mechanical and biological compliance of composite graft surfaces with host arteries. Moreover,the diameter, wall thickness, stiffness, compliance, tensile strength, elasticity, and burst strength of the graft matrix are determined depending on the application and the patient. For composite vascular grafts, hybrid architectures are recommended featuring multiple layers, dimensions, and materials to achieve the desired optimal flexibility and function for complying with user-specific requirements. Rapidly emerging artificial intelligence and big data techniques for diagnostics and the threedimensional(3D) manufacturing of vascular grafts will likely yield highly compliant, subject-specific, long-lasting, and economical vascular grafts in the near-future.

摘要：This paper introduces the structural design optimization of a tall building with reinforced concrete frame-core shear walls in Guangzhou *** decrease the construction cost,wide flat beam with 400 mm ×650 mm rectangular cross-section are adopted for main *** measures are used to decrease noncoincident centers of mass and *** subway tunnels cross the building underground,inclined columns,the second and third floor underground together function as the underpinning *** from traditional transform beam,the proposed underpinning structures show good performance without using large dimensional bending *** attentions should be paid to the beams connecting with the inclined column in the underpinning structures,and these beams show large tensile or compressive *** observations after completion construction indicate that the building as well as the proposed design measures work well.

摘要：The second class of high-temperature superconductors （HTSCs）, iron-based pnictides and chalcogenides, necessarily contain Fe2X2 （＂X＂ refers to a pnictogen or a chalcogen element） layers, just like the first class of HTSCs which possess the essential CuO2 sheets. So far, dozens of iron-based HTSCs, classified into nine groups, have been discovered. In this article, the crystal-chemistry aspects of the known iron-based superconductors are reviewed and summarized by employing ＂hard and soft acids and bases （HSAB）＂ concept. Based on these understandings, we propose an alternative route to exploring new iron-based superconductors via rational structural design.

摘要：In this paper, structural static design is considered as a kind of inverse algebraic eigenvalue problem. It is the most important task for the inverse problem to compute the sensitivities of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Therefore, a complete set of higher order sensitivity expressions has been presented based on the complex variables theory. These expressions have solid mathematical foundation and practical significance.

摘要：In order to improve the efficiency of heating and the uniformity of temperature distribution in recycling asphalt mixtures, a pyramidal radiation heater is designed. The principles of designing horn surface size and antenna length are established according to the law of energy conservation and microwave antenna radiation theory. Modeling and simulation are carried out using IE3D software. The simulation results demonstrate that, with a fixed horn surface size, the shortened electric antenna length is the main factor leading to the improved heating uniformity. On the other hand, with a fixed antenna length and diminished surface size, the standing wave ratio decreases with the improved radiation efficiency. Furthermore, the efficiency of radiation drops with increased distance between the horn surface and the asphalt pavement. Microwave heating experiments are carried out using this type of heater. The temperature distribution of asphalt samples is obtained by the grid temperature measurement method, and Matlab simulation is performed. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation.

摘要：After more than 20 years of production and operation, the following defects have been found: the cylinder of the gas holder is deformed, the concentricity is out of circle, the radian and angle of the guide rail and the guide wheel are not consistent, and the force is not uniform. The phenomenon of derailment, rail sticking and friction between rail and bell cover often occurs. The wear of guide rail and guide wheel is serious, and there are potential safety hazards. It does not meet the requirements of Safety Code for Gas Holders in Industrial Enterprises GB6222-2005, which has affected the long-term stable operation of production units. The project is planned to be constructed in 2020. Through the transformation of the project, the problems such as deformation and lifting failure of gas holder equipment are completely solved to ensure the safe, stable the production device. This plan is to dismantle the movable tower section of the original spiral wet gas holder and make preparations for the reconstruction of the vertical gas holder.

摘要：This paper aims to present a new approach for using structural topology optimization to evaluate and generate bioinspired architectural *** investigate these possibilities,we present several experiments in two and three-dimensional domains under a variety of load and support conditions that are inspired by *** experiments are based on structural topology optimization techniques,which have shown to be viable for fostering innovative ideas to solve complex building stability ***,these techniques enable fruitful collaborations between architects and engineers in the early stages of the design *** compare the optimal solutions with different species of plants and animals and evaluate their potential use as a structural system through visual and quantitative *** reinforce the efficacy of using topology optimization in the development of bioinspired structures and,as such,its future use in creative design contexts.

摘要：In the context of ongoing densification of cities and aging urban populations,public spaces are a crucial infrastructure to support the physical and mental wellbeing of urban *** design of public space furniture elements is often standardised,and not considered in relation to environmental conditions and mechanisms of social *** article presents a digital workflow to generate site-specific designs for shaded public seating,considering the relationships of local public places to their surroundings.A strategy for customised and site-specific design is developed through the use of multiple software tools,employing evolutionary algorithms and multi-objective *** method is applied to a small public space canopy prototype installed within a public housing estate in Hong Kong,incorporating additional criteria to achieve a low-cost and light-weight *** multiple stages of refinement and optimisation,a material,structural and social performance-driven outcome was achieved that creates a shaded space for public seating,people watching and social *** part of a larger research agenda exploring architectural form-finding and environmental psychology,the project represents potential new applications in the emerging field of socially driven computational design.

摘要：This paper describes one approach to the design of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers, using a three-hybrid multi- objective simulated annealing (SA) algorithm with a neighborhood move based on the mutation operator from the genetic algorithms (GAs), namely MOSAMO1, MOSAMO2 and MOSAMO3. The procedure is applied to three objective functions: the economic cost, the reinforcing steel congestion and the embedded CO 2 emissions. Additional results for a random walk and a descent local search multi-objective algorithm are presented. The evaluation of solutions follows the Spanish Code for structural concrete. The methodology was applied to a typical bridge pier of 23.97 m in height. This example involved 110 design variables. Results indicate that algorithm MOSAMO2 outperforms other algorithms regarding the definition of Pareto fronts. Further, the proposed procedure will help structural engineers to enhance their bridge pier designs.