摘要：Some local algorithms for the,preprocessing,of empirical data for both curves and surfaces are proposed so that the modified data,a polygon for curve data and a triangulation for surface data,can be used not only to approximate the given data with required accuracy,but also to preserve the shape and geometric and mathematical properties of the data such as convexity and monotonicity *** algorithms would produce small errors (O(h￣4)) if the initial data are accurate and reasonably distributed.

摘要：一、研究设计(一)研究问题笔者在本研究中提出了母语迁移可分为"表层显性迁移"和"深层隐性迁移"的假说。所谓显性迁移。

摘要：In accordance with the enhancement for luminous efficiency improving, LED (Light Emitting Diode) has been gradually developed by combining the characteristics of small volume, impact resistance, good reliability, long life, low power consumption with multiple purposes for energy saving and environmental protection. Therefore, the array LED has been widely applied in human livings nowadays. This study applies the finite element analysis software ANSYS to analyze the thermal behavior of the array power LED work lamp which is modeled by four same-size LED with MCPCB (Metal Core Print Circuit Board) mounted on a base heat-sink. The Flotran heat flow analysis is applied to obtain the natural convection of air coefficient, while the convection value can be confirmed by the iterative method since it is set as the boundary condition for ANSYS thermal analysis to obtain the temperature distribution, accordingly the chip junction temperature and the base heat-sink temperature were followed through experiments in order to check if the simulation results meet the design requirements and coincide with the power LED product design specification. Prior to the optimal design process for chip junction temperature, the most significant parameters were first chosen by the fractional factorial design. The regressive models were respectively setup by the dual response surface method (RSM) and the mixed response surface method. Furthermore, the genetic algorithm combined with response surface method was applied to acquire the optimal design parameters, and the results were obtained from both methods, which are reviewed for comparison. Afterwards, the mixed response surface method is adopted to investigate the effects of interactions among various factors on chip junction temperature. In conclusion, it is found that the thermal conductivity of MCPCB and the height of base heat-sink are the two major significant factors. In addition, the interactive effects between chip size and thermal co

摘要：Q〉请您先介绍—下本次参展的作品？A〉本次参加“中国设计在伦敦一一surface’d设计展”的Y—town双色太阳眼镜是一款可180度旋转佩戴的二合一太阳眼镜，囊获德国iF和日本G—mark两项国际设计奖。此款太阳眼镜拥有颠覆传统眼镜的创新结构，镜框内设一片可上下旋转的…Y字形鼻托，可整体180度翻转，适合正反两种佩戴方式。太阳镜分为上下两块镜片，分别利用两种不同颜色的涂层，以适合两种不同的天气：茶色镜片能让驾车一族看清路线而遮挡反射光线；镜面镀膜的水银镜片则更多地吸收与反射可见光，适合户外运动。

摘要：以汽车V8进气管为研究对象,探讨了逆向工程在模具设计中的应用。利用激光扫描仪对零件实体进行扫描取得点云数据,并用Imageware surface软件对点云进行处理。采用Pro/E对已测的模型进行三维造型及模具设计。分析了这种形状复杂、型腔深、体积较大的零件的结构特点,针对重力浇注中易形成气孔、冷隔、壁穿、断芯等缺陷的工艺特性,重点考虑了金属模结构形式和浇注系统的开设。实际批量生产表明,上述缺陷能有效避免。

摘要：Keeping beef cattle outdoors during winter reduces costs and improves animal welfare, but increases the risk of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) runoff losses. This study evaluated a rotational pen design on grassland with two groups of suckler cows given access to an expanding staying area and a new feeding area each week (72 cattle ha-1), with one month’s stay per pen. The spatial distribution of excreta and effects on N and P surface runoff was evaluated during six months. The total excreta loads corresponded to 500 kg·N·ha-1 and 50 kg·P·ha-1. New feeding areas did not distribute excretions evenly, which resulted in the highest proportion of excretions (31%) occurring in the first week’s sub-area. The topsoil had significantly higher amounts of mineral-N, mainly as NH4-N (29 - 81 kg·ha-1), than an unaffected area (13 kg·ha-1). Mean total runoff losses were similar for both groups (1.4 kg·P·ha-1 and 9.0 kg·N·ha-1). Around 78% of N and 70% of P runoff losses occurred during the month with cattle present. During the first two weeks with heavy rain, N and P runoff losses were 50% higher from an area with suckler cows than a corresponding vegetated sub-area without cows. The study design did not provide a sufficient distribution of excretions and a high animal density in combination with trampling resulted in unacceptable N and P run-off losses. An environmentally friendly design would need to include frequent moving of all equipment and access to larger areas.

摘要：Beginning with a 5D homogeneous universe [1], we have provided a plausible explanation of the self-rotation phenomenon of stellar objects previously with illustration of large number of star samples [2], via a 5D-4D projection. The origin of such rotation is the balance of the angular momenta of stars and that of positive and negative charged e-trino pairs, within a 3D ⊗1D?void of the stellar object, the existence of which is based on conservation/parity laws in physics if one starts with homogeneous 5D universe. While the in-phase e-trino pairs are proposed to be responsible for the generation of angular momentum, the anti-phase but oppositely charge pairs necessarily produce currents. In the 5D to 4D projection, one space variable in the 5D manifold was compacted to zero in most other 5D theories (including theories of Kaluza-Klein and Einstein [3] [4]). We have demonstrated, using the Fermat’s Last Theorem [5], that for validity of gauge invariance at the 4D-5D boundary, the 4th space variable in the 5D manifold is mapped into two current rings at both magnetic poles as required by Perelman entropy mapping;these loops are the origin of the dipolar magnetic field. One conclusion we draw is that there is no gravitational singularity, and hence no black holes in the universe, a result strongly supported by the recent discovery of many stars with masses well greater than 100 solar mass [6] [7] [8], without trace of phenomena observed (such as strong gamma and X ray emissions), which are supposed to be associated with black holes. We analyze the properties of such loop currents on the 4D-5D boundary, where Maxwell equations are valid. We derive explicit expressions for the dipolar fields over the whole temperature range. We then compare our prediction with measured surface magnetic fields of many stars. Since there is coupling in distribution between the in-phase and anti-phase pairs of e-trinos, the generated mag-netic field is directly related to the angular

摘要：针对电子设备中大量使用的双列直插式(DIP)器件,利用surface Evolver软件预测其焊点模型,提取其相关几何信息并转换为有限元软件ANSYS可识别的实体模型。分析DIP器件的焊点及其引脚在随机振动条件下的应力分布情况,并研究引脚高度以及引脚直径等参数对等效应力的影响规律。分析结果表明:等效应力随着引脚高度的增加而呈现出先变大再变小的趋势;等效应力随着引脚直径的增加而呈现出变小的趋势;合理选择引脚高度和引脚直径有利于减少DIP器件的最大等效应力。

摘要：目的:探索大蒜多糖水浸提的最佳提取工艺条件。方法:在单因子实验的基础上,运用合理的实验设计方案,采用响应面法(RSM)优化大蒜多糖的提取条件。结果:依据回归分析确定多糖提取率的影响因子,求得最佳水浸提条件:提取温度为90℃,浸提时间为4.24h,料液比为1∶35,大蒜多糖的提取率为4.04%。结论:响应面法对大蒜多糖的提取条件优化合理可行,为提高多糖的提取率提供了理论依据。

摘要：采用响应面分析法优化金银花凉茶的浸提工艺条件,以金银花、菊花、夏枯草和鱼腥草为原料,绿原酸得率为指标.在单因素试验基础上,应用Box-Benhnken中心组合设计试验,对浸提工艺影响较大的料液比、浸提时间、浸提温度3个工艺参数进行优化.结果表明:金银花等原料的绿原酸水提工艺的最佳条件为不粉碎原料、固定金银花1g,菊花、夏枯草和鱼腥草质量比为2∶2∶1共1.5g,料液比为1∶32,浸提时间为71min,浸提温度为78℃,浸提2次,在该条件下验证绿原酸得率达到3.01%,接近于预测值3.04%.研究表明,优化得到的回归模型具有良好的预测能力.