摘要：以云南省九大高原湖泊为例,围绕云南九大高原湖泊的生态保护与恢复,从城镇村土地集约利用角度出发,基于九大高原湖泊流域自然社会经济特点,将其划分为3种城镇村土地集约利用类型,并提出了生态约束下高原湖滨城镇村土地集约利用模式应具备的条件、控制指标和总体模式构想。在此基础上,分别构建了滇池生态约束下城镇村链动型,洱海生态约束下城镇村优化型,抚仙湖、杞麓湖、星云湖、异龙湖、阳宗海生态约束下镇村主导型和泸沽湖、程海生态约束下乡村主导型四类城镇村土地集约利用模式,并对其具体模式设计进行了阐述。

摘要：加快城中村改造是城市与区域经济发展的必然要求,也是顺应城市化趋势、统筹城乡协调发展、实现城乡一体化的重要环节。从土地发展权的视角,以提高城市土地利用效率为核心,从制度设计和制度变迁动力的角度分析城中村的形成机制,对城中村改造各参与主体在改造的制度选择中的行为进行博弈分析。结果表明,集体土地的发展权属收益成为城中村改造中地方政府与村集体博弈的关键;土地产权制度创新是城中村改造的首要前提;实现城乡一体化是城中村改造的必然选择;城中村居民社会保障制度的建立与完善是城中村改造的根本保证。

摘要：本文认为,促进区域发展与诱导技术创新是环境排放权交易市场的主导职能。相应地,环境排放权交易制度可分两种类型,一种是环境资产使用权交易,另一种是环保履职能力租售交易。我国应从排放权交易的两种类别出发,结合污染物所产生环境问题特征,按类分层设置全国排放权交易市场与地区性(流域性)排放权交易市场。

摘要：Based on daily mean temperature records from 1961 to 2007 at 20 meteorological sites in Southwest Yunnan, and the surface temperature simulated by IPCC AR4 Climate Models, a quantitative examination was undertaken into the characteristics of multi-timescale temperature （AMT, DMT and WMT） variation in Southwest Yunnan. The simulation abilities of the models were also evaluated with the normalized root mean square error （NRMSE） and Mann-Kendal test statistic methods. Temperatures show remarkable increasing trend from 1961 to 2007, with the Mann-Kendall test statistic passing 95% confidence verification. The result of the NRMSE analysis shows that the simulated temperature anomaly variations are more similar to observed ones especially for AMT and DMT, and the projected result （anomalies） of IPCC AR4 climate models can be used for predicting the trends in multi-timescale temperature variation in Southwest Yunnan in the next 40 years under the three emission scenarios, which has better simulating effect on AMT and DMT than WMT. Over the next 40 years the temperature will continue to rise, with annual mean temperature showing a more remarkable rising trend than that of the dry and wet seasons. Temperature anomalies exhibit different increasing rates under different emission scenarios： During the 2020s the rising rates of multi-timescale temperature anomalies in a high greenhouse gases emissions scenario （SRESA2） are smaller than those under a low emission scenario （SRESB1）. Except that, the rate of increase in temperature anomalies are the highest in the intermediate emissions scenario （SRESA1B）, followed by those in SRESA2, and those in low emissions scenario （SRESB1） are the lowest. The reason of different simulating effects on WMT from AMT and DMT was also discussed.

摘要：建立城镇泥石流数字减灾系统是预防和减轻泥石流灾害的重要非工程措施;东川区是我国及世界泥石流高发地区,城区建立在5条泥石流沟的堆积扇上,该城区泥石流数字减灾系统的建立对于该区域及其它类似地区都有借鉴意义。泥石流数字减灾系统采用了本地C/S系统与基于WEBGIS的B/S双体系结构模式,可以同时满足本地数据分析决策与INTERNET信息处理的需求。应用软件工程的原理,经过系统设计、数据分析、模型库与方法库建设、程序开发、系统调试和系统运行等6个阶段,最后实现了东川城区泥石流数字减灾系统。本地系统分为8个模块,采用AVENUE进行开发;WEBGIS系统分为7个部分,基于ARCIMS、JAVA及DREAMWEAVER进行开发。数字减灾系统在东川城区泥石流防灾中得到了应用,实践表明系统的设计及开发可行,满足了当前泥石流减灾的实际需要。

摘要：土地利用规划是我国土地资源管理的"龙头",对土地资源合理开发、利用、保护起到了关键作用。公众参与理念引入土地利用规划以来,有效增强了规划编制的科学性和实施的有效性。在对参与式土地利用规划理念进行诠释的基础上,分析我国土地利用规划公众参与的现存问题及原因,基于宏观角度设计参与式土地利用规划的实施框架,并从组织、表达、回应、激励、监督五个方面构建了参与式土地利用规划运行的保障机制体系。

摘要：美国和欧盟的排放权交易市场与国际碳汇市场发展,引领金融衍生品向环境领域拓展。在剖析环境金融性质和环境类金融衍生品属性基础上,指出环境类金融衍生品可分为环保履责类金融衍生品与环境风险性保险类金融衍生品两类,介于这两类衍生品标的物性质,我国应首先发展环境风险性保险类金融衍生品,在加快国内排放权交易市场基础上再发展环保履责类金融衍生品。

摘要：[Objective] This study was to analyze the personal Willingness to Pay （WI-P） on the non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland and the influential factors. [Method] Questionnaire was designed according to the Contingent Valuation Method （CVM） to investigate people of different occupations at different ages, based on which the evaluation on non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland was carried out. And the relationship between WTP and social characteristics were analyzed by using non- parametric estimation. [Result] The average WTP on Dianchi lake wetland is 150.03- 217.66 yuan per person every year, and the total WTP is 626-909 million yuan ev- ery year. Age, education and residence of the respondents have remarkable influ- ence on the VVTP. The influence of education level and residence on option value is significant; bequest value is significantly correlated with age; while there is no significant relationship between existence value and social characteristics. [Conclusion] The evaluation on the non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland is important for the scientific development and utilization of wetland resources.

摘要：[目的]分析滇池湖滨湿地非使用价值的个人支付意愿及影响因素。[方法]采用权变估值法(CVM),设计调查问卷,调查了专家、政府管理人员、农民、工人、学生等不同职业和不同年龄段的对象。在此基础上,进行滇池湖滨湿地非使用价值评估,并运用非参数估计方法,分析支付意愿与社会特征之间的关系。[结果]滇池湖滨湿地生态系统服务的人均支付意愿为150.03～217.66元/人.年之间,总支付意愿为6.26亿～9.09亿元/年。年龄、生活区域及知识水平等社会特征是支付意愿显著影响因子,其中选择价值与知识水平和居住地有显著关系;遗产价值与年龄相关性显著;存在价值与社会特征没有显著关系。[结论]滇池湖滨湿地的非使用价值评估是科学开发和利用湿地资源的重要前提。