摘要：分析中国与南亚水稻恢复系资源产量及其构成要素的一般配合力差异,为引进与利用南亚资源提供参考。利用来自中国和印度等国的37份恢复系材料,按照NCⅡ设计,分别与冈46A、泸98A和德香074杂交,获得111份杂交种作为试验材料,在四川泸州和德阳两个环境下,分析8个产量性状的配合力。结果表明:(1)8个性状在两个环境下,一般配合力和特殊配合力方差达到显著或极显著水平,一般配合力方差均大于特殊配合力方差,表明这些性状基因的加性效应占主导地位。(2)8个性状杂种一代性状受恢复系的影响大于不育系。(3)印度和孟加拉材料有效穗一般配合力好于中国资源,其他性状一般配合力中国资源优于南亚来源材料。中国与南亚恢复资源产量性状配合力有一定的差异,印度和孟加拉资源有效穗配合力较好,中国恢复系资源其他性状较好。

摘要：利用高配合力水稻三系恢复系泸恢8258与扬恢34杂交的F2,通过单粒传法获得1个由140个系组成的F8重组自交系群体,采用NCⅡ设计,每个系及2个亲本(共142个系)分别与3种不同胞质的不育系冈46A(冈型)、泸98A(K型)、Ⅱ–32A(印尼水田谷型)杂交,构建的双列杂交群体分别在四川农业科学院水稻高粱研究所德阳基地(简称"德阳基地")和四川省遂宁市大英县基地(简称"遂宁基地")进行田间试验,分析单株产量、单株有效穗、每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重等5个产量构成要素的配合力及遗传效应。结果表明:5个性状的一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差均达到了显著或极显著水平;除千粒重外,其余4个性状在2个基地的广义和狭义遗传力均小于50%(千粒重广义和狭义的遗传力大于70%),表明这些性状容易受到环境的影响;各性状配合力的相关分析结果表明,除千粒重外,其余各性状一般配合力效应与单株产量一般配合力效应均呈极显著正相关;5个性状一般配合力效应在2个基地的重组自交系中均呈正态分布,表明这些性状的一般配合力是数量性状,可以应用QTL定位的方法研究这些性状。

摘要：通过6个处理的试验设计,研究了在自然条件下不同晾晒方式对国审优质杂交稻泸香615裂纹米形成和整精米率的影响。结果表明,竹制躺席隔地晾晒,晾晒稻谷厚度为3cm,晾筛过程定时均匀翻动的晾晒方式对降低泸香615裂纹米粒和裂纹米率,提高整精米率有极显著的作用。晾晒时稻谷厚度对降低裂纹米率很关键,建议晾晒稻谷厚度在3cm以上。

摘要：[Objective] This study was conducted to analyze the difference in the general combining ability of yield traits of rice varieties in China and South Asia and to provide reference for the introduction and utilization of rice restorer lines from South Asia. [Method] A total of 111 hybrids were obtained by crossing 37 restorer lines in China and South Asia with Gang 46A, Lu 98A and Dexiang 074 following a NC II design. The combining ability of eight yield traits of the hybrids was analyzed in Luzhou and Deyang bases of Sichuan Province. [Result] In both bases, the eight yield traits had significant or extremely significant differences between the combina- tions, restorer lines, sterile lines or sterile line^restorer line, suggesting that there were d^erences in the genetic effects between the combinations or lines. The gen- eral combining ability （GCA） variances were all higher than special combining ability （SCA） variances in parents, which indicated that these traits were affected by gene additive effect. Restorer lines contributed more to F1 generation than male sterile liens in the eight yield traits. Nine restorer lines from India and Bangladesh were ranked in the top 15 lines with high GCA in the number of productive tillers in both bases. [***] There was significant differences in the combining ability in the eight yield traits between the restorer lines from China and South Asia. The lines from India and Bangladesh were better than those from China in the GCA of the number of productive tillers, and the lines from China were better than those from India and Bangladesh in the GCA of other traits.

摘要：选用3个不育系和6个恢复系,采用3×6不完全双列杂交设计配制18个组合,对新育成三系杂交稻不育系德66A主要经济性状的配合力进行分析。结果表明,德66A在有效穗数、千粒重、结实率和单株产量性状上一般配合力(GCA)效应值明显好于赣香1A和泸香618A;所测组合中,杂交组合德66A/成恢727在有效穗数、千粒重和单株产量性状上特殊配合力(SCA)效应值均最大。18个杂交组合F1主要经济性状竞争优势大小受不育系的影响要大于恢复系。各性状狭义遗传力表现为单株产量>有效穗数>结实率>千粒重>穗长>每穗实粒数。