摘要：Rice cultivar Norin 8 and its mutant Norin 8m harbour bentazon resistance trait and bentazon susceptibility trait respectively. A total of 360 arbitrary 10-mer oligonucleotide primers were screened on the genomic DNA of Norin 8 and Norin 8m with RAPD technique. Among which, five primers produced seven polymorphic RAPD bands between Norin 8 and Norin 8m. Amplified RAPD polymorphic products were cloned and sequenced. The sequences were used to design primers for PCR. Five SCAR markers, SCAR/G18/883, SCAR/G18/890, SCAR/G18/919/948, SCAR/D10/1237 and SCAR/F03/1186, were developed from OPG18/943, OPG18/972, OPD10/1248 and OPF03/1198. F-2 progeny of 320 individuals was analyzed to map SCAR markers in relationship to ben or Ben genes. SCAR markers of SCAR/G18/883, SCAR/G18/890, SCAR/G18/919/948 were shown to cosegregate with ben or Ben genes, and SCAR/D10/1237 to be linked of Ben gene with a distance of (14.8 +/- 2.1) cM. The genetic linkage to ben gene and SCAR markers was identified by a pair of near isogenic lines H121 and Hben121. Southern blotting analysis and segregation ratio of F-2 progeny revealed that OPG18/943 and OPG18/972 were single-copy in genome, and locus of OPG18/943 and OPG18/972 were allelic and sequence tagged sites. It is the first report on molecular markers linked to ben or Ben genes. The markers are useful to marker-assisted selection for the breeding and tag ben gene with map-based cloning.

摘要：用 12个水稻亲本按NCⅡ设计配组 32F1 杂种 ,以汕优 6 3为对照 ,研究播始历期、株高、穗长及产量因素等 8个性状的杂种优势。并以 12个亲本为DNA样品来源 ,通过随机引物PCR扩增基因组DNA的多态性 ,探索利用RAPD标记水稻亲本遗传距离预测杂种优势的可能性。由RAPD数据计算的Nei’s遗传距离创建聚类树状图。聚类分析结果表明 ,籼稻和粳稻容易被分开 ,普通粳稻又容易与光壳稻、爪哇稻分开 ,但光壳稻和爪哇稻混合聚在一起。F1 每穗总粒数的优势最强 ,中亲优势平均为 33.46 % ,竞争优势平均为 2 3.10 %。F1 播始历期、株高、穗长、有效穗 4个性状中亲优势和竞争优势均表现为粳×粳 <粳×偏粳 <粳×籼。每穗总粒数的中亲优势也表现上述趋势 ,而竞争优势则是粳×粳 <粳×籼 <粳×偏粳。全生育期、株高、穗长的中亲优势和竞争优势与遗传距离之间均达极显著相关。每穗总粒数的中亲优势与遗传距离之间达显著相关 ,而竞争优势则达极显著相关。根据聚类图发现普通粳稻亚群内杂种优势较弱 ,亚群间即生态群间的杂种优势较强 ,群间即籼、粳亚种间杂种优势更强。利用光壳稻、爪哇稻选育不同生态群方向的恢复系和不育系 ,配组超强优势的杂交稻组合。