摘要：基于在升降平台装置上设计挂烟叶箱体,箱体能实现由长方形转变为平行四边形,烟叶装炕时,先在烤房外将绑好的鲜烟叶预先挂在箱体内,箱体内装好烟叶后,将箱体挂烟位置由长方形转变为平行四边形,让烟杆由水平变成倾斜状态,使烟秆的水平距离小于烤房内通道的宽度,让升降装置能将烟叶推送至烤房内,研制出一款能实现机械化装炕的设备。

摘要：采用大区对比试验设计,分析了对缺钼植烟土壤中的烟叶喷施钼肥对烟叶的产质量的影响。试验结果表明:在严重缺钼的植烟土壤中喷施钼肥能提高烟叶产量、产值和上等烟率,改善烟叶油分和色泽,减少上部烟叶挂灰,有效降低上部烟叶烟碱含量和叶片厚度,提高烟叶含钾量和燃烧性,香气质和香气量明显优于CK,有利于提高烟叶的工业可用性,为植烟土壤缺钼烟区的增施钼肥生产技术提供科学依据。

摘要：采用均匀设计对黔南惠水烟区覆膜和不覆膜条件下,对烤烟施氮量、种植密度和留叶数调控技术进行了研究。结果表明:惠水山地烤烟覆膜条件下,以施纯氮量105.0 kg/hm2,种植密度1.65万株/hm2,留叶数18～22片为宜;露地栽培条件下,以施纯氮量127.5 kg/hm2,密度1.65万株/hm2(行距为110 cm,株距为55～60 cm),留叶数20～22片为宜。

摘要：为了研究有机肥对烟地土壤酸碱性和养分的影响,以云烟87为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,研究了不同有机肥配施对植烟土壤pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的影响。研究结果表明:施有机肥不仅对烤烟生长前期土壤pH有微调和缓冲作用,还能提高烤烟生长中期到后期土壤的pH;施用有机肥能够增加土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量;每667m^2配施油枯40kg和秸秆有机肥75kg在提高土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾和速效磷方面综合表现最好。

摘要：本文通过研制一款简易、便携的雪茄烟叶去梗工具。通过双刀头的设计,一次完成2个切割动作,达到雪茄烟叶的去梗效果,解决人工操作去梗环节效率低、容易造成烟叶破损的难题。

摘要：In order to realize tobacco curing with energy saving and emission reduc- ing and lower cost, the waste heat recovering equipment was designed and built on blowing-upward type bulk curing barn. The comparative experiment of tobacco leaf curing was conducted between a bulk curing barn with waste heat of flue gas and conventional bulk curing barn. The results showed that the effect of saving coal in bulk curing barn with waste heat of flue gas was obvious than the contrast. The coal consumption quantity was 1.531 kg per kg of dry tobacco leaf. The saving coal in bulk curing barn with use waste heat of flue gas was 0.181 kg per kg of dry tobacco leaf than the contrast and saving coal rate was 10.57%. The electricity consumption quantity was 0.593 kWh per kg of dry tobacco leaf. The saving elec- tricity quantity in bulk curing barn with use waste heat of flue gas was 0.022 kWh/kg and the saving electricity rate was 3.58% than the contrast. The saving curing cost was 0.158 yuan per kg of dry tobacco leaf and saving cost rate 9.09% in bulk cur- ing barn with use waste heat of flue gas than the contrast. The appearance quality, grade structure and primary chemical composition had no significant difference be- tween bulk curing barn with use waste heat of flue gas and the contrast.

摘要：为了防止植烟土壤养分流失,探索烟草农业的可持续发展。本试验设置稻草草苫覆盖、稻草草段覆盖、地膜覆盖、露地栽培共4个处理,采用随机区组设计,研究了秸秆覆盖对植烟土壤酸碱度及养分状况的影响。研究结果表明:机编稻草草苫覆盖可以使pH值偏低的酸性土壤,逐步改良至适宜植烟的微酸性土壤,且保持大田生育期内的土壤pH值相对稳定。秸秆覆盖能极显著地提高植烟季大田中后期的土壤有机质的含量。机编草苫覆盖能提高土壤耕作层中的全氮和碱解氮的含量,机编草苫覆盖对土壤全氮的增加较为显著,尤其在移栽后90 d增加最多,但到了移栽后120 d,则以草段覆盖最高。覆盖栽培条件下的土壤有效磷的含量总体低于露地栽培处理。稻草秸秆覆盖能提高大田中后期土壤中速效钾含量。总体来看,稻草草苫覆盖和草段覆盖可以作为烟区替代常规地膜覆盖的优先选项之一。本研究结果为烟区植烟土壤保育技术提供了参考。

摘要：本文研制了一款适合丘陵山区的烟草井窖式打孔投苗机。该机械以电机为打孔动力单元,人工推动机器作业,由打孔装置、投苗装置、机架、前轮转向机构等部分组成。田间试验结果表明,该机械一次性完成了起垄覆膜后的单垄单行烟地打孔和投苗作业,打孔参数及质量符合当地烟草移栽农艺要求,平均作业效率680穴/h。该机械实现了自走式作业,减轻了劳动强度,提高了综合作业效率,具有推广价值。