摘要：Fungi are nature’s recyclers,allowing for ecological nutrient cycling and,in turn,the continuation of life on *** fungi inhabit the human microbiome where they can provide health benefits,while others are opportunistic pathogens that can cause ***,members of the fungal kingdom,have been domesticated by humans for the production of beer,bread,and,recently,medicine and ***,the great untapped potential exists within the diverse fungal ***,many yeasts are intractable,preventing their use in biotechnology or in the development of novel treatments for pathogenic ***,as a first step for the domestication of new fungi,an efficient DNA delivery method needs to be ***,we report the creation of superior conjugative plasmids and demonstrate their transfer via conjugation from bacteria to 7 diverse yeast species including the emerging pathogen Candida *** create our superior plasmids,derivatives of the 57 kb conjugative plasmid pTA-Mob 2.0 were built using designed gene deletions and insertions,as well as some unintentional ***,a cluster mutation in the promoter of the conjugative gene traJ had the most significant effect on improving conjugation to *** addition,we created Golden Gate assembly-compatible plasmid derivatives that allow for the generation of custom plasmids to enable the rapid insertion of designer genetic ***,we demonstrated that designer conjugative plasmids harboring engineered restriction endonucleases can be used as a novel antifungal agent,with important applications for the development of next-generation antifungal therapeutics.

摘要：在研究海洋波浪能量收集的过程中,需要建立相应的理论模型来降低工程成本,提高研发效率。针对波能转换器在收集波浪能时能量的转换效率不高这一问题,采用无槽Halbach直线发电机作为装置的二级能量转换机构来优化磁场分布,提高能量的转换效率。该文描述Halbach直线发电机的拓扑结构,引入磁矢量势能理论推导出发电机性能的表达式,由此建立直线发电机的综合分析模型。基于此模型,使用模拟退火算法求全局最优解,得到一组直线发电机设计参数,包括永磁体尺寸和绕线线圈的数据。计算结果表明,理论模型解析解的峰值功率与模拟退火算法的结果相差约为3.6%。基于优化后的参数,确定了Halbach直线发电机的设计,为样机实验的验证提供了数据支撑。

摘要：Corrugated reactors are known for their use in applications requiring UV-exposure, whereby media flowing within the corrugated channel react with a photo-active catalyst impregnated on the surface （i.e. TiO2）. The performance in these systems is dependent on catalyst properties and reactivity for a given light source, in conjunc-tion with the coupled transport of reactants within the media and photons falling incident to the catalyst surface. Experimental and computational analyses of local mass transfer and radiation pattems for a broad range of corrugation angles, depths, and non-idealities introduced during manufacture （i.e. fold curvature） are thus integrated to the design and optimization of these systems. This work explores techniques for determining incident energy distribu-tions on the surface of corrugated reactor geometries with non-ideal cross-sectional profiles, and the local and overall mass transfer rates obtained using computational fluid dynamics and experimental analysis. By examining the reaction kinetics for the photo-degradation of 4-chlorophenol over a TiO2 catalyst, the effects of surface area, energy incidence with photon recapture, and local mass transfer on overall reactor performance are presented to highlight ootimization concerns for these tvoes of reactors.

摘要：如果景观设计师能够在海洋中耕作、生产食物,那将会是怎样一幅图景?受持续增长的人口数量、资源需求,以及气候变化危机的影响,未来沿海地区的农业用地终将面临枯竭。海平面上升致使农田被海水淹没,不可持续的耕作方式消耗着岌岌可危的土壤资源,传粉昆虫和作物变种现象屡见不鲜,耕地逐渐被城市用地占领,粮食安全无从谈起——这样的现象正在世界各地发生。这些全球性威胁为景观设计提供了重新构想未来食物景观的机会。"海洋农业"项目最终以叙事动画影片的形式呈现,讲述了全球食品安全面临的挑战,并提出了针对特定地区的解决方案。

摘要：Current demand for housing worldwide has reached unprecedented levels due to factors such as human population growth, natural disasters and conflict. This is felt no more so than in developing countries which have experienced disproportionate levels of demand due to their innate vulnerability. Many current approaches to housing delivery in developing countries continue to utilize inappropriate construction methods and implementation procedures that are often problematic and unsustainable. As such affordability and sustainability are now vital considerations in the international development debate for housing the poor in developing countries in order to meet the long term sustainable development goals and needs of housing inhabitants. This paper utilized an extensive scoping study to examine the various facets impacting on design decision making relative to sustainable and affordable housing delivery in developing country contexts. Aspects of affordability, sustainability, design decision making, appropriate technology use, cultural awareness, as well as current barriers to affordable and sustainable construction in developing countries are examined in detail. Results highlighted the capability of indigenous knowledge, skills and materials as well as selected appropriate technology transfer and cultural awareness by foreign bodies can be utilized in innovative ways in addressing current housing needs in many developing country contexts.

摘要：目的:建立一种较为快速和快速确定非均匀岩土材料渗透系数的方法。创新点:建立了一种可以从图像到数值模型的数字图像方法:通过拍照、CT等手段获取岩土材料的图像,进而通过数值分析确定等效参数。方法:1.将采集到彩色图像从RGB空间转化到HSI空间,选取识别度较高的空间进行二值化处理;2.获取二值化图像后采用邻域标记算法标记,结合本文提出的算法提取边界(图9和10);3.结合边界修正算法对锯齿状边界进行修正(图11);4.确定表征细观几何模型(图12和表1);5.绘制网格开展数值分析,确定宏观参数。结论:1.基于数值图像的非均匀岩土材料渗透系数确定方法可以较为准确地估算渗透系数,可以为工程设计提供初步依据。2.非均匀岩土材料具有明显的尺寸效应,随着尺寸增加,渗透率的变化逐渐趋于稳定;当材料视为岩石和土体的二元介质时,两种性质差异在10倍以内对宏观特性的影响较大,大于10倍之后影响减弱。3.岩土材料渗透率随着内部块石含量的增加而减小,但是内部块石的形态对渗透率也有一定的影响。

摘要：2-图是边的尺寸至多为2的超图,极小正则2-图是不含有真正则因子 的正则2-图．设．f2(n)为所有n个顶点的极小正则2-图的最大度数．给出了极 小正则2-图的一个结构性质,并由此证得f2(n)=(n+3-i)／3,其中1≤i≤6, n≥7,i≡n(mod 6),从而解决了范红兵等人提出的一个猜想．作为在图论中的 应用,可以刻画不可分解因子的正则图,并给出关于度条件的最好可能的因子 存在性定理．进而,f2(n)和极小2-图可应用于最初引发这项研究的通用开关盒 设计问题．

摘要：作为光的一个基本属性,偏振态提供的自由度对光场调控具有重要作用。具有空间结构偏振态分布的矢量光场因其具有不同于传统标量光场的独特性质而被应用于诸多领域,但矢量光场的早期研究主要集中于柱对称的局域线偏振矢量光场。近年来,偏振态分布更加丰富的新型矢量光场逐渐得到关注,这些新型矢量光场的出现丰富了矢量光场的种类并提供了新的调控自由度,被应用于焦场调控、光学微加工、光学微操纵和光信息传输等领域。综述了近年来出现的新型矢量光场,包括柱坐标系中的杂化偏振矢量光场、庞加莱球相关的矢量光场、阵列矢量光场、多奇点矢量光场和其他非柱对称的矢量光场,介绍了其进展、设计方案、实验生成、性质和相关应用。

摘要：We have routinely performed staging with pelvic and/or paraaortic lymphadenectomy in patients with endometrial cancer having moderate to high risk for lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of early and late postoperative complications in patients managed primarily by surgery in our institution. Study design: Two-hundred and fifty-nine consecutive cases of endometrial cancer were enrolled in the study. Past history, body mass index, type of surgery, intraoperative findings, and follow-up information were collected from patient charts. Of these, 200, 127, and 30 patients underwent systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy, systematic paraaortic lymphadenectomy, and radical hysterectomy, respectively. The median numbers of dissected pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodes were 32 and 14, respectively. Results: None of the complications resulted in death. Of the study population, 36 early complications and 34 late complications occurred. Overall 65 patients (25.1% ) had at least one complication. Multivariate analysis revealed that a longer operative time and paraaortic lymphadenectomy were independent predictors for the occurrence of early and late postoperative complications, respectively. Conclusions: Since the therapeutic value of lymphadenectomy is still under evaluation, the indications for systematic pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy should be carefully considered.

摘要：人工智能、大数据等新一代信息技术的兴起使网络空间安全面临的威胁与挑战进一步复杂化。传统防御技术多采用"打补丁"式的被动检测防护机制,很难满足由新的攻击特征带来的安全防护需求。首次系统性地提出以平行智能ACP理论为基础思想的平行安全系统框架,利用生成式对抗模型、平行情报、平行区块链等方法,融入社会学、心理学和行为学等因素,建立了集描述性安全、预测性安全和引导性安全于一体的防护体系,旨在实现以"增强免疫力"为目标的预测引导防护。以工业互联网典型场景为实际案例,设计并研发了首个以平行安全框架为基础的生成式对抗安全智能系统平台,从而为平行安全在不同领域的实际应用提供指导和借鉴。