摘要：The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is one of the most promising ways for low-cost hydrogen production in the *** this work,hetero S atoms were introduced into the MoO2 to enhance the catalytic activity by simultaneously adjusting electron structure,engineering lattice defect,and increasing oxygen *** the S doped MoO2 nanosheets with proper S doping amount show the enhanced performance for *** optimized catalyst shows a small onset overpotential as low as 120 mV,a low overpotential of 176 mV at the current density of 10 mA/cm^2 which is decreased 166 mV compared to that of the pristine MoO2 nanosheets,a low Tafel slope of 57 mV/decade,and a high turnover frequency of 0.13 H2/s per active site at 150 *** finding proposes an effective strategy to prepare nonprecious metal oxide catalyst for enhancing HER performance by rationally doping hetero atoms.

摘要：Working principles of silicon double P-N junction color sensor are introduced and a color measurement system to distinguish tooth color difference is designed in this *** system consists of silicon double P-N junction,a small optical fiber probe,signal process circuit and an MSP430FG439 single-chip *** in size,this system can measure different parts of the tooth in a fast and convenient way with ***,this system will be very promising in building prosthodontics and tooth fabrication.

摘要：Developing electrocatalysts with high performance and low cost for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is of great importance for fabricating renewable energy storage and conversion ***,a series of boron-doped graphene(BG)-supported bimetallic oxides of Co and Ni were obtained and served as OER ***,the annealed Co-Ni-Ox/BG with a Co/Ni ratio of 1:1 exhibits high performance toward oxygen evolution in alkaline *** overpotential is only 310 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm-2,superior to many mono-metallic oxides reported before,and even comparable to the commercial *** regulation of charge distribution in bimetallic oxides and the strong synergistic coupling effects together contribute to the superior electrocatalytic performance of the Co-Ni-Ox/BG toward *** study also offers several effective ways to design high-performance OER electrocatalysts for water splitting.

摘要：In order to enhance the glutathione peroxidase（GPX） catalytic activity of the selenium-containing single-chain variable fragments（Se-scFv）, a novel human scFv was designed on the basis of the structure of human antibody and optimized via bioinformatics methods such as homologous sequence analysis, three-dimensional（3D） model building, binding-site analysis and docking. The DNA sequence of the new human scFv was synthesized and cloned into the expression vector pET22b（＋）, then the scFv protein was expressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli BL21（DE3） and purified by Ni2＋-immobilized metal affinity chromatography（IMAC）. The serine residue of scFv in the active site was converted into selenocysteine（Sec） with the chemical modification method, thus, the human Se-scFv with GPX activity was obtained. The GPX activity of the Se-scFv protein was characterized. Compared with other Se-scFv, the new human Se-scFv showed similar efficiency for catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide by glutathione. It exhibited pH and temperature dependent catalytic activity and a typical ping-pong kinetic mechanism.

摘要：越来越多的研究将有机电化学晶体管(OECT)用于新颖的电学设备,然而这些设备天然需要两个仪器电源,不利于将其应用于对能源供应有严格要求的便携和可穿戴体系.本文通过将单晶硅太阳能电池组装到OECT的回路中并以光作为燃料,构建了自供能和光调控功能的有机光电化学晶体管(OPECT)光电子器件.以基于聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)-聚(苯乙烯磺酸酯)(PEDOT:PSS)的耗尽型和增强型OECT为例,我们设计了不同的光寻址结构并系统地研究和比较了相应的特性.通过合适的光调制,我们实现了不同的器件行为,且这些器件表现出优异的性能.在应用层面,我们设计了光逻辑电路,其不同的特性可以通过相应的辐照度来调控;此外,我们展示了光控的OECT单极逆变器,并根据系统的能源供应和阻抗进行了优化.本工作代表着新型的OPECT光电子器件,合理地将其与柔性基底和太阳能电池组装有望应用于便携和可穿戴器件领域.

摘要：The structure of Ni active sites supported on amorphous silica-alumina supports with different contents of Al_(2)O_(3)loadings in relation to their activities in ethylene oligomerization were *** kinds of Ni sites were detected by in situ FTIR-CO and H_(2)-TPR experiments,that are Ni^(2+)cations as grafted on weak acidic silanols and Ni^(2+)cations at ion-exchange *** ethylene oligomerization activities of these Ni/ASA catalysts were found an ascending tendency as the Al_(2)O_(3)loading decreased,which could be attributed to the enriched concentration of Ni^(2+)species on acidic silanols with a weaker interaction with the amorphous silica-alumina *** Ni^(2+)species were more easily to be evolved into Ni^(+)species,which has been identified to be the active sites of ethylene ***,it seems reasonable to conclude that Ni^(2+)species grafted on acidic silanols were the precursors of active sites.

摘要：Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs)could combine the virtues of high power capability of conventional supercapacitors and high energy density of lithium-ion ***,the lack of high-performance electrode materials and the kinetic imbalance between the positive and negative electrodes are the major *** this study,Fe3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-rich carbon(Fe3O4@NC)were prepared through a self-assembly of the colloidal Fe OOH with polyaniline(PANI)followed by *** to the well-designed nanostructure,conductive nitrogen-rich carbon shells,abundant micropores and high specific surface area,Fe3O4@NC-700 delivers a high capacity,high rate capability and long cycling *** analyses of the redox reactions reveal the pseudocapacitive mechanism and the feasibility as negative material in LIC devices.A novel LIC was constructed with Fe3O4@NC-700 as the negative electrode and expanded graphene(EGN)as the positive *** wellmatched two electrodes effectively alleviate the kinetic imbalance between the positive and negative *** a result,Fe3O4@NC-700//EGN LIC exhibits a wide operating voltage window,and thus achieves an ultrahigh energy density of 137.5 W h kg^-*** results provide fundamental insights into the design of pseudocapacitive electrode and show future research directions towards the next generation energy storage devices.

摘要：电化学二氧化碳还原(ECO_(2)R)是一种将碳和可再生能源的能量储存在多碳产品(C_(2+))的化学键中的有效途径.然而,反应涉及的复杂步骤为CO_(2)直接转化为C_(2+)设置了巨大的障碍.一种利用CO作为“中转站”,通过串联ECO_(2)R和电化学CO还原(ECOR)以提高生产C_(2+)的选择性和反应速率的策略引起了人们的广泛关注.本文总结了铜基电催化剂在ECOR中催化特定C_(2+)生成的设计策略.其次,从各个方面总结了催化剂工程的代表性设计策略,并介绍了电解反应器改进方面的最新进展.最后,阐述了该研究领域面临的主要挑战和未来前景.这些见解和观点将为铜基电催化剂的设计提供有益指导.

摘要：通过多重miRNA触发的原位siRNA递送治疗策略可以有效提高对癌细胞的精确治疗.基于DNA纳米结构的可编程性、特异性分子识别、易于功能化修饰和良好生物相容性的特点,我们设计了一个3D DNA纳米治疗平台,用于实现双miRNA触发响应的siRNA原位递送.这种3D DNA纳米结构(TY1Y2)是由DNA四面体支架、两组Y型DNA(Y1和Y2)和EpCAM核酸适体通过自组装构建而成的.TY1Y2被特异性内化至靶标癌细胞后,能够被两个内源性miRNA(miR-21和miR-122)触发,从而产生强的荧光共振能量转移信号,用于双miRNAs成像.同时,治疗性的siRNA(siSurvivin和siBcl2)也可以通过链置换反应从TY1Y2中产生并进行原位释放,实现癌细胞的协同基因治疗.这种3D DNA纳米结构将内源性生物标记物的特异性成像和治疗性基因的原位递送整合为一个多功能纳米平台,在癌症诊断和治疗方面显示出广阔的应用前景.

摘要：In this work,we carried out both theoretical calculation and experimental studies to reveal the contribution of hollow geometry to the light utilization efficiency of the TiO_2 photocatalysts in diluted aqueous *** is found that the single or multi-shelled hollow structures do not induce significant multiple reflections within the shells as widely believed in previous reports,and therefore the geometric factor has minimal contribution to the improvement of the light utilization efficiency of the *** design TiO_2 photocatalysts with higher activity,it is more appropriate to focus on the improvement of the crystallinity,diffusion,surface area,and dispersity of the catalysts,rather than their geometric shapes.