摘要：“Dan” is a Taoist method that integrates Chinese life culture. Between things and non-things, as the holy things that condense the essence of heaven and earth, Dan is not only the survival philosophy and life science passed down from generation to generation for thousands of years in China, but also the life aesthetics accompanied by the present reality. It creates, carries and reflects the thinking logic, perception mode and living habit of local traditional culture. It is the most important and rich “home heritage” of Chinese traditional culture.

摘要：创意阶层对旅游目的地的开拓;规模的权效：旅游发展研究的人类学视角;地方性研究的理论视角及其对旅游研究的启示;由广府庙会案例管窥地方性研究议题;城市星级酒店的“无地方性”思考;饮食地理与跨地方饮食文化生产.

摘要：At Quesang on the Tibetan Plateau we report a series of hand and foot impressions that appear to have been intentionally placed on the surface of a unit of soft *** travertine was deposited by water from a hot spring which is now inactive and as the travertine lithified it preserved the *** the basis of the sizes of the hand and foot traces,we suggest that two track-makers were involved and were likely *** interpret this event as a deliberate artistic act that created a work of parietal *** travertine unit on which the traces were imprinted dates to between~169 and 226 ka *** would make the site the earliest currently known example of parietal art in the world and would also provide the earliest evidence discovered to date for hominins on the High Tibetan Plateau(above 4000 m a.s.l.).This remarkable discovery adds to the body of research that identifies children as some of the earliest artists within the genus Homo.

摘要：本文的主要目的是为有兴趣进行定性研究的家庭医学研究人员进行定性研究提供做分析的简明的指导。本文结合流行的方法学研究教材中概述的定性研究方法,以少数族裔健康差异研究为示例,概述了全科医学领域的研究人员可应用的定性研究的详细过程。这个研究过程定位于更大的定性研究框架,以适用于新的定性研究设计,使研究的可执行性更强。本文提供了一个用于指导定性数据分析的10步过程,包括:(1)汇总要分析的数据;(2)重新熟悉数据;(3)开始或开启编码步骤;(4)生成类别并为其分配代码;(5)从类别生成主题;(6)验证的策略;(7)解释并报告来自参与者的发现;(8)解释并报告来自文献中的发现;(9)数据和发现的可视化展示;(10)优势、局限性、确定界限和对未来研究的建议。这项工作为新研究人员进行定性数据分析提供了清晰易懂的指导原则,且本原则适用于广泛的主题、学科和环境。

摘要：Objective: To examine the HPV type infection of cervical cone specimens with coexistent CIN1 and CIN3 lesions, in order to define if coexistence of low-and high-grade lesions in the same cervix represent different stages of evolution in a continuing process that is caused by a single viral type or independent lesions induced by different HPV types. Study design: The examined material included 43 cases with coexistent CIN1 and CIN3 in the cone biopsy specimen. Detection and typing of HPV was made by RFLP-PCR. Results: All CIN1 lesions were HPV positive, while three CIN3 lesions were HPV-negative. The proportion of agreement of the HPV type in the two lesions, excluding negative cases (n = 40), was 60% (95% confidence interval: 43.3-75.1). HPV 16 was the most common type in both CIN3 (56.8% ) and CIN1 (46.5% ). Conclusions: The so-called morphologic progression of CIN is not always synonymous with biologic progression, since many coexistent CIN lesions are caused by different HPV types, and so represent different cell clones. Clonality of coexistent CIN lesions may be implicated in the evolution of CIN as other recent studies have shown.

摘要：目的:评价儿童传播信息的效果和儿童对以学校为基础的降低结核病(TB)策略(让儿童在家庭中强调结核病症状、检验和耻辱)的态度。背景和设计:首先在赞比亚学生中开展定性研究,之后两年中加入了通过应用痰涂片镜检加强结核病早期发现的干预手段。2005年基线研究包括5个研究点38名儿童。2008年的评价研究包括4个研究点209名在校学生。学生研究包括讨论、绘画、角色扮演和叙述。结果:基线研究显示出儿童对学习结核病和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)相关知识的热情积极,但同时也体现出儿童在与成人讨论HIV和TB的论题可能引起冲突而引发焦虑情绪。相较于基线研究此次评价研究儿童更准确地掌握TB和HIV的知识。儿童在家庭中谈论TB和HIV相关知识的积极性很高。他们的回答显示他们得到成人的允许后做这件事并得到了尊敬,尽量避免基线研究中预料到的两代间的矛盾。结论:本研究显示学生在提高病例发现中发挥作用。高负担地区的学生已经熟悉结核病相关知识,但是他们还需要关于TB和HIV之间的联系和关于抗逆转录病毒治疗等方面的更多信息。