摘要：To better remove the contamination on the surface of a heat-exchanger in urban sewage source heat pump system （USSHPS）, this paper analyzes the feasibility of strong self-flushing on the basis of experiments and presents a new on-line self-flushing technique, which alternately flushes part of heat transfer tubes. In addition, operation principles and the structure of the new heat-exchanger are introduced and the feasible economi- cal and technological cleaning plans are given by design calculation and scheme comparison. The result shows that keeping each tube washed for one minute with 5 m/s, the operating cost is lower than ￥5 and when one flushing pump ahemately flushes 10-20 heat exchangers, the saved costs of flushing 10 tubes alternately are over 4 times of the increased costs.

摘要：This paper introduces the structural design optimization of a tall building with reinforced concrete frame-core shear walls in Guangzhou *** decrease the construction cost,wide flat beam with 400 mm ×650 mm rectangular cross-section are adopted for main *** measures are used to decrease noncoincident centers of mass and *** subway tunnels cross the building underground,inclined columns,the second and third floor underground together function as the underpinning *** from traditional transform beam,the proposed underpinning structures show good performance without using large dimensional bending *** attentions should be paid to the beams connecting with the inclined column in the underpinning structures,and these beams show large tensile or compressive *** observations after completion construction indicate that the building as well as the proposed design measures work well.

摘要：This study presents a development of an advanced cyberbased database-enabled design module for low- rise buildings （DEDM-LR） which provides estimation of the wind-induced responses for main wind force resisting frames by making direct use of pressure time histories measured at a large number of pressure taps over a suite of building models. These responses may be considered in lieu of code-specified load effects in which the overall accuracy may be influenced by the inherent simplifications in codes. In addition, this new automated approach is particularly attractive and advantageous as it allows a web-based online analysis/design via intuitive user-friendly interfaces for both the input and output in terms of familiar web-style forms that are nowadays very common in most of web-based services. Presently, the DEDM-LR hosts an aerodynamic database developed by the Tokyo Polytechnic University （TPU）, Japan for a variety of building configurations like flat, gable, and hip roofs under suburban terrain flow condition with immediate application to other databases. The paper shows the efficacy and validity of the DEDM-LR by walking through its details and examples on selected gable-roofed buildings. The architecture of DEDM-LR platform offers the ability to pool resources by hosting other databases that may become available in the near future.

摘要：Although gradual, the changes in the weather patterns are also noticeable and impactful to architectural design. If the local microclimate is taken into account early in the conceptual stage of design, the longevity of the ultimate structure can be greatly enhanced, despite challenging environmental factors. Parametric designing enables to discover the optimal architectural shape based on specific weather data. The paper intends to investigate how this design approach, coupled with Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations, can be used to create a wind-induced architecture. Both the benefits and the limitations of this approach are explored in detail. The interaction between an architectural shape and wind flow is tested in a study called ‘FlowBrane’. The process of （1） designing a parametrically changeable geometry, （2） testing its behavior in the wind, and （3） evaluating the results allows looping back to the initial geometric design, continuing to improve the design and ultimately the performance of the architecture in the specific wind conditions of the chosen site. However, the need to test multiple geometries separately and to adjust the wind simulation for each test （and for every wind direction） remains a disadvantage that should be addressed in further research.

摘要：The finite element method was used for analysis of raft foundation design in high-rise *** with other conventional methods,this method is more adapted to the practical condition since both superstructure stiffness and soil conditions were considered in *** calculation results by example show that the base reaction is more uniform and the maximum reaction decreases ***,the raft foundation design is more economic without any loss of security for high-rise building.

摘要：目的:基于常用的数值模拟软件FLAC^(3D)进行二次开发,弥补现有数值模拟方法的缺陷,提出一种准确有效的隧道/巷道拱架支护数值模拟方法。创新点:1.引入抗弯和抗压能力的相关性,改进梁单元压弯极限判据;2.通过FISH语言编程,实现梁单元修正和拱架精确模拟。方法:1.通过对FLAC^(3D)中梁单元支撑理论的分析,明确其存在的缺陷,并利用算例进行证实(图4~6);2.基于传统强度理论,对梁单元现有压弯极限判据进行改进(图7和8);3.通过FISH语言编程,实现梁单元修正模型嵌入(图9);4.通过算例分析,对新模拟方法的效果进行验证(图10和13)。结论:1.改进了梁单元压弯极限判据,通过FISH语言编程实现了梁单元的修正及拱架屈服失效的模拟。2.构件压弯试验和巷道拱架支护实例分析表明:修正模型体现了在压弯组合荷载作用下梁单元屈服时弯矩和轴力的相关性;实现程序是有效的且灵敏度较高;提出的新模拟方法使计算偏差得到有效压制,拱架模型呈现出的力学行为及围岩支护作用更加接近实际,计算精度和设计可靠度更高。

摘要：目的:研究余热回收中的新型烧结矿立式冷却装置填充床的阻力特性,揭示烧结矿填充床宏观特性参数和空隙流动状态,提出适用于烧结矿的阻力特性公式。创新点:1.采用实验方法,获取全面的复杂异形烧结矿颗粒宏观特性数据;2.通过实验测量,提出适用于烧结矿填充床的修正型Ergun阻力方程。方法:1.采用多种实验方法,测量烧结矿的颗粒粒度、球形度和堆积空隙率等宏观特性参数;2.通过阻力实验数据分析,得到烧结矿填充床的宏观特性参数和堆积空隙流动状态;3.通过实验数据拟合,提出适用于烧结矿的阻力特性公式。结论:1.表观流速为0.4?2.4 m/s时烧结矿填充床堆积空隙流动状态由层流过渡到湍流;***方程的不规则异形颗粒的阻力预测值比实验值偏低约40%;3.提出的修正型Ergun预测公式能够预测颗粒雷诺数500至12 000的烧结矿填充床阻力,预测误差在10%以内。

摘要：The study on the earthquake-resistant performance of a pile-soil-structure interaction system is a relatively complicated and primarily important issue in civil engineering practice. In this paper, a computational model and computation procedures for pile-supported structures, which can duly consider the pile-soil interaction effect, arc established by the finite clement method. Numerical implementation is made in the time domain. A simplified approximation for the seismic response analysis of pile-soil-structure systems is briefly presented. Then a comparative study is performed for an engineering example with numerical results computed respectively by the finite clement method and the simplified method. Through comparative analysis, it is shown that the results obtained by the simplified method well agree with those achieved by the finite element method. The numerical results and findings will offer instructive guidelines for earthquake-resistant analysis and design of pile-supported structures.

摘要：At present,the methods of analyzing the stability of slope under earthquake are not accurate and reasonable because of some limitations. Based on the real dynamic tensile-shear failure mechanism of slope,the paper proposes dynamic analysis of strength reduction FEM (finite element method) and takes the reduction of shear strength parameters and tensile strength parameters into consideration. And it comprehensively takes the transfixion of the failure surface,the non-convergence of calculation and mutation of displacement as the criterion of dynamic instability and failure of the slope. The strength reduction factor under limit state is regarded as the dynamic safety factor of the slope under earthquake effect and its advantages are introduced. Finally,the method is applied in the seismic design of anchors supporting and anti-slide pile supporting of the slope. Calculation examples show that the application of dynamic analysis of strength reduction is feasible in the seismic design of slope engineering,which can consider dynamic interaction of supporting structure and rock-soil mass. Owing to its preciseness and great advantages,it is a new method in the seismic design of slope supporting.

摘要：The rational design and construction of inexpensive and highly active electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is of great importance for water ***,we develop a facile approach for preparation of porous carbon-confined Ru-doped Cu nanoparticles(denoted as Ru-Cu@C)by direct pyrolysis of the Ru-exchanged Cu-BTC metal–organic *** served as the electrocatalyst for HER,strikingly,the obtained Ru-Cu@C catalyst exhibits an ultralow overpotential(only 20 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2))with a small Tafel slope of 37 m V dec^(-1)in alkaline *** excellent performance is comparable or even superior to that of commercial Pt/C *** functional theory(DFT)calculations confirm that introducing Ru atoms into Cu nanocrystals can significantly alter the desorption of H_(2) to achieve a close-to-zero hydrogen adsorption energy and thereby boost the HER *** strategy gives a fresh impetus to explore low-cost and high-performance catalysts for HER in alkaline media.