摘要：In this paper, through the investigation and research on some representative art academies, the difference between art academies and general institutions of higher learning in campus environment is explored in depth. Hopefully, the specific characteristics of the design for campus environments of art academies as well as all sorts of factors causing the characteristics can be discovered, including the specific characteristics of campus subjects, the originality of campus buildings, and the novelty of campus sculpture.

摘要：This article investigates the responsibility of architectural drawing in developing the professional identity of modern architects in the late 1920s when Chinese architects started to emerge and assume the title of“architect.”Using architectural drawing as both its subject and its method,this research interrogates how a representative figure-Liu Jipiao employed the power of drawing to establish the identity of the modern Chinese *** paper argues that architectural drawing,in establishing the identity of the Chinese architect,faced the requirement to build an affinity between the architect and the *** entangled history of these two professions offers up Liu as the representative figure of the artistic ***’s artistic drawing fulfilled the previously mentioned requirement and earned the architects the artistic power that distinguished them from their counterparts-the *** the perspective of multiple modernities,the paper challenges the contemporary misreading of Liu Jipiao as an irrelevant individual intellectual and of his practice as a minor ***,this article invites further reflection on the modernity of Chinese architectural drawing,and shows how such drawing made more attempts to convey subjectivity rather than to transmit modern technique per se.

摘要：Trees are a major factor in defining the spatial qualities of outdoor spaces. This study investigates the influence of spatial configuration produced by the proposed tree planting design on the visual fields of an urban park using space syntax theory. Space syntax theory assumes that an urban area can be represented as a matrix of connected spaces. The quantitative properties of this matrix in the form of syntactic measures can be measured using computer simulations. This research investigates how space syntax techniques can help assess the effect of tree configurations on the social structure of a small-scale garden in an urban park. Such techniques are assumed useful in predicting the social structure of the proposed space and in assessing design alternatives. An experimental study using three different planting design proposals for an urban park is conducted. Data are analyzed using space syntax techniques. Results reveal a significant effect of planting configurations on syntactic measures across the three proposals. This study suggests that space syntax techniques may have a significant value in the assessment of schematic planting design, especially at the pedestrian movement level.

摘要：目的:塑料排水板能够有效加速固结过程,因此被广泛应用于软土地基处理。然而,相关规范只给出了塑料排水板的间距和长度的取值范围,没有给出最优设计。本文旨在通过考虑土体参数不确定性、施工造价和设计要求三个方面,提出塑料排水板的最优设计。创新点:1.通过蒙特卡罗方法求解固结度的信噪比,得到不同设计的鲁棒性;2.讨论各种因素对最优设计的影响。方法:1.通过理论分析,推导出总固结度鲁棒性的计算公式;2.通过定义不同设计组合,讨论不同噪声参数,并运用蒙特卡罗模拟,得到满足要求的所有设计情况的鲁棒性;3.分析其他因素(如固结时间和固结度等)对最优设计的影响,并讨论参数变异性和相关性对结果的影响。结论:1.基于鲁棒性分析,得到了塑料排水板的最优设计方法。2.在低造价条件下,固结度、固结时间和塑料排水板布置形式对最优设计存在影响;当造价足够高时,该影响可以忽略。3.参数变异性和相关性对结果存在影响;如果低估了参数的变异性,会低估最优设计的造价。

摘要：A large number of cases show that the multi-objective optimization method can significantly improve building *** method for multi-objective building performance optimization(BPO)design has achieved rapid development in recent ***,the BPO method still needs to be ***,weak interaction between the optimization process and the decision-making process results in low optimization efficiency,which limits the widespread application of the optimization method in early design *** this paper,a new interactive BPO mode is explored to strengthen the interaction between the optimization process and decisionmaking process,and a preference-based multi-objective BPO method is proposed to account for designers'decision preferences during the optimization process,making the objective more controllable,improving the optimization efficiency and ensuring the diversity of ***,this paper illustrates the proposed method in detail,defines the concept of performance preference,expounds the flow of the preference-based multi-objective optimization algorithm,and proposes three indicators to evaluate the algorithm,which includes convergence speed,preference satisfaction rate,and diversity ***,through testing and comparison,it is found that the proposed preference-based algorithm has advantages over the non-preference optimization algorithm(represented by the NSGA-II algorithm).The proposed method leads to faster convergence and higher preference satisfaction,so it is more suitable for the BPO process in the early design ***,the proposed method can achieve 100%preference satisfaction rate with only 2400 simulations,while the non-preference method can only achieve 20%preference satisfaction rate after 5800 *** this paper,a preference-based multi-objective BPO method is proposed to make the optimization process closely interact with the decision-making process and make the design preferences be accoun

摘要：Groundwater lowering is one of the most important countermeasures to avoid the risk of rainfall-triggered ***,the long-term reliability of many drainage methods is often a matter of concern since the drains may easily get clogged.A new hydraulic-driven self-starting drainage method is presented in this *** the proposed Random Forest(RF)based robust design approach for the selfstarting drains,the datasets are generated using an automatically controlled numerical modeling *** deterministic analysis is carried out based on uncertain soil parameters and the specific designs selected using Uniform Design(UD).The ensemble of RF models is applied in the design process to improve computing *** requirements,design robustness,and cost efficiency are simultaneously considered utilizing multiobjective optimization.A straightforward and efficient framework that focuses on difficulties caused by an enormous design space is established for the robust design of the self-starting drains,and improved computation efficiency is *** effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated with a case study,the Qili landslide in Zhejiang Province,China.

摘要：As an industry and a discipline,geotechnical investigation in China differs from that in the USA and European countries in its course of emergence and evolution. For over half a century,Chinese geotechnical investigation professionals witnessed continuous technical advances as they undertook independently almost all of China's large-scale construction projects. Based on projects that won the "National Outstanding Engineering Investigation" Gold Medal Awards since the year 2000,this paper discusses the achievements of geotechnical investigation in the context of comprehensive technical ability,project evaluation and analysis,hi-tech applications and engineering monitoring,and analyzes several factors that have hindered the industry's further development and alignment with international practice. Finally,some suggestions are given for future improvement.

摘要：目的:本文旨在对系列文章第一部分所得到的理论推导结果进行相应的有限元数值验证,同时对内核单波变形下的支撑构件进行参数分析。方法:采用通用有限元软件ABAQUS建立六个防屈曲支撑模型对内核单波变形下理论推导公式进行校核;并对理论公式进行参数分析,考察外围构件抗弯刚度、间隙大小、内核构件厚度、内核构件宽厚比、铰接接头长度、外围约束构件初始缺陷、外围构件长度、内核约束加强段长度及内核加强段翼板高度等9个参数对内核挤压力及外围构件受力影响;最后通过对12个防屈曲支撑进行数值模拟,验证支撑设计理论的合理性。结论:该理论设计公式能较好地预测支撑的破坏情况及内力发展情况,具有较强的安全性和较广的适用性,为铰接防屈曲支撑的使用推广奠定理论基础。

摘要：A bidirectional deployable parabolic cylindrical reflector for an L-band synthetic aperture radar is presented in this study, in which a self-deployed antenna with low weight was designed. The antenna consists of four curved surfaces formed from thin sheets of composite materials connected by hinges along the edges, and the reflective surface is provided by the front surface. The edge profiles of connecting lines were obtained through geometric analysis. A scaled model, including design and manufac- ture, was demonstrated to validate the process from the folded state to the fully deployed state. The non-contact synchronous vision measuring method was used to test the basic frequency of the scaled model, and the test results gave the verification of the analyses. Compared with the existing unidirectional deployable antenna, this new type of bidirectional deployable antenna can be applied to larger-size antennas and has better performance because the glass-woven tape connections were substituted with more reliable hinges. Static, modal, harmonic response, and transient response analyses of the full-sized reflector structure were mod- eled with the commercial finite element （FE） package ABAQUS. The modeling techniques were developed to predict the struc- tural dynamic behavior of the reflector and the results showed that the first natural frequency was 0.865 Hz, and the reflector structure had good stiffness in three directions. This proposed structure has very high stiffness-to-mass ratio because of its hollow solid construction. A preliminary simulation of radiation properties of the parabolic cylindrical antenna, fed by an off-set linear feed horn array, was conducted to obtain the radiation pattern of the feed and the reflector.

摘要：目的:探索长时间停流情况下高扬程虹吸管中空气累积现象的发生发展及其对虹吸持续工作的危害,并给出应对该现象的工程预防措施。创新点:利用物理模型实验,结合理论解析推导,得到高扬程虹吸管内空气累积的原因及关键影响因素,突破高扬程虹吸排水在少雨地区的使用局限,给出其长期适用的工程设计条件,对其在实际边坡工程中的推广应用提供理论技术指导。方法:通过物理模型试验,揭示长期停流虹吸管内出现空气累积的必然性;利用理论公式推导,对不同因素的影响结果进行对比分析,得出影响空气累积的主要因素。结论:1.溶于水的空气因压力降低而析出、管端空气溶入扩散到虹吸管顶部及温度变化引起空气析出等现象是无法避免的;其中,原有空气的析出及温度变化引起的空气累积是主要因素;2.边坡虹吸排水设计时进水端口距控制水位至少应预留2.05 m的地下水位上升余量,或者保持出水口的高程比进水口高程低4.1 m来保证析出空气段处于下水管中。