摘要：A synchrotron-based proton therapy(PT)facility that conforms with the requirement of future development trend in compact PT can be operated without an energy selection *** article demonstrates a novel radiation shielding design for this *** FLUKAbased Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to validate its *** this design,two different shielding scenarios(3-m-thick concrete and 2-m-thick iron–concrete)are proved able to reduce the public annual dose to the limit of 0.1 mSv/*** calculation result shows that the non-primary radiation from a PT system without an inner shielding wall complies with the IEC 60601-2-64 international standard,making a single room a ***,the H/D value of this design decreases from 2.14 to 0.32 mSv/Gy when the distance ranges from 50 to 150 cm from the isocenter,which is consistent with the previous result from another *** establishing a typical time schedule and procedures in a treatment day for a single room in the simulation,a non-urgent machine maintenance time of 10 min after treatment is recommended,and the residual radiation level in most areas can be reduced to 2.5 lSv/*** annual dose for radiation therapists coming from the residual radiation is 1 mSv,which is 20%of the target *** general,this shielding design ensures a low cost and compact facility compared with the cyclotron-based PT system.

摘要：Nucleocapsid(N) protein plays crucial roles in the life cycle of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2), including the formation of ribonucleoprotein(RNP) complex with the viral *** we reported the crystal structures of the N-terminal domain(NTD) and C-terminal domain(CTD) of the N protein and an NTD-RNA complex. Our structures reveal a unique tetramer organization of NTD and identify a distinct RNA binding mode in the NTD-RNA complex, which could contribute to the formation of the RNP complex. We also screened small molecule inhibitors of N-NTD and N-CTD and discovered that ceftriaxone sodium, an antibiotic, can block the binding of RNA to NTD and inhibit the formation of the RNP complex. These results together could facilitate the further research of antiviral drug design targeting N protein.

摘要：The purpose of this review is to provide medical researchers,especially those without a bioinformatics background,with an easy-to-understand summary of the concepts and technologies used in microbiome ***,we define primary concepts such as microbiota,microbiome,and ***,we discuss study design schemes,the methods of sample size calculation,and the methods for improving the reliability of *** emphasize the importance of negative and positive controls in this ***,we discuss statistical analysis methods used in microbiome research,focusing on problems with multiple comparisons and ways to compare β-diversity between ***,we provide step-by-step pipelines for bioinformatics *** summary,the meticulous study design is a key step to obtaining meaningful results,and appropriate statistical methods are important for accurate interpretation of microbiome *** step-by-step pipelines provide researchers with insights into newly developed bioinformatics analysis methods.

摘要：作为一种新兴的联合治疗策略,肿瘤化学免疫治疗拓展了传统化疗药物的潜在可能性,利用某些化疗药物诱发免疫原性细胞死亡(ICD)激活抗肿瘤免疫应答,提升肿瘤治疗效率.本文设计了一种ICD和免疫激动剂协作的树形高分子纳米平台作为极简“原位”肿瘤疫苗用于高效的化学免疫治疗.利用树状高分子PAMAM担载ICD引发药物DOX以及免疫激动剂CpG,该DOX@PAMAM/CpG(简称DPC)纳米粒子物理性能适宜,通过便捷的瘤内注射可在肿瘤组织良好蓄积和内化,并最大限度地降低全身毒性.在CpG的协助下该纳米粒子可引发强劲的ICD并激活全面的抗肿瘤免疫反应,体内动物实验证实该DPC纳米粒子对侵袭性黑色素瘤具有显著的抑制.本研究为肿瘤化学免疫治疗纳米递药平台的构建提供了一种切实可行的策略.

摘要：A complete and detail method is described to get digitally reconstructed radiographs （DRRs）. Casting rays to traverse CT images, computing CT values of resample points by interpolation, then converting CT value to its attenuation coefficient by using simplified segment function. Finally, DRRs enhancement is made to get the better display of region of interest （ROI）, and a new way is adopted to adjust the customization coefficient. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in generating the satisfied DRRs.

摘要：The development of new proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) with less adverse effects by lowering the pKa values of nitrogen atoms in pyrimidine rings has been previously suggested by our group. In this work, we proposed that new PPIs should have the following features:(1) number of ring II = number of ring I+ 1;(2) preferably five, six, or seven-membered heteroatomic ring for stability;and (3) 1<pKa1<4. Six molecular scaffolds based on the aforementioned criteria were constructed, and R groups were extracted from compounds in extensive data sources. A virtual molecule dataset was established, and the pKa values of specific atoms on the molecules in the dataset were calculated to select the molecules with required pKa values. Drug-likeness screening was further conducted to obtain the candidates that significantly reduced the adverse effects of long-term PPI use. This study provided insights and tools for designing targeted molecules in silico that are suitable for practical applications.

摘要：目的提出了一种新的无创检测腹内压的方法及系统设计。方法将压力传感器(本文采用YH24)与位移传感器(本文采用滑动变阻器)进行合理组装,使得压力与位移之间呈线性关系。当该装置作用于测试对象外腹部时,将产生一个压力,称之为外部腹压,并相应产生一定的位移。将直接法测得的腹内压与所测外部腹压间建立起数学关系,从而腹内压可由无创测量的外部腹压进行计算间接得到。结果通过家兔的气腹实验对该方法进行了验证,初步结果表明腹内压与外部腹压间存在线性关系。结论动物实验证明了该方法的可行性,同时为下一步的临床实验提供了科学依据。

摘要：智能仿生软材料是近年来科学研究的重点之一.液晶高分子材料是众多软材料中最有发展潜力的材料之一.目前通过液晶高分子材料制备具有复杂功能和多种响应的仿生器件主要通过两种方法,其一是引入多种响应性基团,赋予材料多重响应.另一个是构建单一刺激下具有变形变色协同功能的材料.然而,结合这两种策略,构建既具有多重刺激响应,又能协同变形变色的新型液晶高分子仍然是一个挑战.为此,本工作通过结合光响应性液晶网络和亲水的聚(2-羧乙基丙烯酸酯共丙烯酸)层(PC),制备了一种光和湿度双重响应的软驱动器.在紫外光的驱动下,偶氮苯的分子异构驱动复合薄膜的各向异性形变.环境湿度的变化能使亲水的PC层发生溶胀和脱水,使薄膜发生另一模式的形变.由于薄膜内部荧光分子与水分子的协同作用,PC膜的荧光强度增强.由于整合了双重响应性和协同行为,这种新型的双响应驱动器在制造智能软体机器人方面具有较大的潜力.通过合理的设计,我们制备了一个光驱动的智能软体机器人.该机器人表现出检测水、改变运动模式和荧光强度的能力,在构筑具有识别、响应和自我调整能力的多功能软体机器人方面具有实际应用潜力.

摘要：Objectives Even though guidelines are available to guide dysphagia identification and management practice,there is still a gap between evidence and practice,which requires *** purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using tailored,multifaceted strategies to improve evidence-based post-stroke dysphagia identification and management practice in a community *** Guided by the Knowledge to Action framework,the tailored,multifaceted strategies were developed and implemented for 5 months in a community hospital using a before-and-after study *** strategies consisted of training intervention,policy intervention,and audit and feedback ***’level of knowledge and adherence,were collected in March 2019 and again in January ***’quality of life and satisfaction were evaluated during the pre-intervention period(between February 2019 and April 2019)and the post-intervention period(between November 2019 and January 2020).Results A total of 55 patients with post-stroke dysphagia(28 in the pre-intervention period and 27 in the post-intervention period)and 17 registered nurses were *** implementation,there were statistically significant improvements in patients’outcomes(quality of life and satisfaction)and nurses’outcomes(level of knowledge and adherence).Conclusions This study assists in closing the research-practice gap by using tailored,multifaceted strategies to increase the use of evidence-based nursing care for dysphagia identification and management practices.

摘要：Purpose:To summarize the design and methodology of a multi-center *** the existed ethnic differences of glaucoma,this survey will explore the differences with regard to anterior and posterior ocular segment parameters between Caucasians and ***:In this study,four cohorts including American Caucasians and American Chinese from San Francisco,southern mainland Chinese from Guangzhou,and northern mainland Chinese from beijing were prospectively enrolled for a series of eye examinations and tests from May 2008 to December 2010.A total of 120 subjects including 15 of each gender in each age decade from 40s to 70s were recruited for each *** of the following tests were collected:a questionnaire eliciting systemic and ocular disease history,blood pressure,presenting and best corrected visual acuity,auto-refraction,Goldmann applanation tonometry,go nioscopy,A-scan,anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT),ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM),visual field (VF),Heidel berg retinal tomography (HRT),OCT for optic nerve,and digital fundus ***:this study will provide insights to the etiologies of glaucoma especially PACG through inter-ethnic comparisons of relevant ocular anatomic and functional parameters.