摘要：燃烧房间是为天然气加热的 Stirling 引擎的一个重要部件。在纸，我们为试图产生 35 kWe 电力的 Stirling 引擎开发一个燃烧房间。燃烧房间包括三个主要部件：燃烧模块，热交换洞和热头。它的特征是结构能把燃烧过程和热转移过程划分成二明显的单个步并且让他们一个一个地发生。因为天然气能在烧前充分与空气混合，没有第二风，燃烧过程能容易被完成。火焰能避免联系 Stirling 引擎，和温度的热头地能容易被控制。设计燃烧房间被生产，它的表演被包括二步的一个实验测试。第一步的试验性的结果证明空气和天然气的混合能容易被点燃，火焰稳定地烧。在实验的第二步，燃烧热流动能到达 20 kW，并且热头的精力利用效率超过了 0.5。这些测试结果证明燃烧房间的热表演到达了设计目标。设计燃烧房间能被用于是产生 35 kWe 电力的天然气加热的一台真实 Stirling 引擎。

摘要：The paper uses data from 2002 to 2011 to make an analysis on trade reliance of China, the top 10 developed countries and top 10 developing countries in products of creative industries. A cross country comparison is done from global, country groups, and individual country perspective respectively. The findings include that the global trade in creative industry is growing steadily in terms of both absolute value and relative value. The trade reliance of major countries in creative products is getting deeper. The trade pattern in creative industry is taking shape. China’s future markets in creative products include developed countries and high income developing economies. In view of this development trend, China’s producers should make necessary adjustment in their production and market strategy so that they will not miss the future opportunities.

摘要：一般情况下,每年冬季是季节性流感高发季节,但在当前2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行期间,全球季节性流感活动呈“断崖式”下降。为应对即将到来的流感季节,亟需弄清这种前所未有的流感低水平流行的原因。本文中,我们探索了一种国家特异性推理模型,利用该模型估计中国、英国和美国这三个国家中佩戴口罩、人员流动变化(国际和国内)以及严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)干扰的影响。结果发现,在这些地区增加一周佩戴口罩的干预措施,流感活动可减少11.3%~35.2%。实施一周的限制人员流动措施对国际(1.7%~6.5%)和国内社区(1.6%~2.8%)的影响较小。2020年至2021年,仅佩戴口罩这一项干预措施就可使阳性率下降13.3%至19.8%。仅人员流动变化可使阳性率降低5.2%至14.0%,其中79.8%~98.2%归因于国际旅行限制。SARS-CoV-2干扰仅在2019年至2020年具有统计学显著效应。中国北方地区及英国的阳性百分比分别降低7.6%(2.4~14.4)和10.2%(7.2~13.6)。探索所得出的结果对了解非药物干预措施和其他呼吸系统疾病背景下的流感演变有一定意义,有助于制定卫生政策,并可为公共卫生措施的个性化设计提供信息。

摘要：In traditional landscape painting in China,water has always occupied an important artistic position and space,and painters in different ages had different ways to express *** sorting out the methods of water painting in Chinese painting is of great significance for us to gain a comprehensive understanding of the artistic styles,cultures and artistic languages of different *** is also of great reference value for those learning Chinese painting.

摘要：作为一种无色散且态密度发散的电子结构,平带为研究相互作用、实现新奇物理性质提供了理想平台.设计理论模型并寻找相应的材料实现受到了广泛关注.当前,基于现有理论模型寻找和制备具有理想平带的二维材料仍存在不同程度的挑战.本文提出了一种可以在一系列二维材料中实现平带的新型理论模型.以结构稳定的硫化钾(K2S)二维单层为例,其平带的色散仅为50毫电子伏左右.在硫化钾单层与石墨烯构成的异质结中,层间的电荷转移可以调节平带的部分填充.该平带模型还可以在一些1T结构的三元化合物中实现.例如,已经被实验室合成的Gd2CCl2.第一性原理计算表明,在铁磁态的Gd2CCl2单层中,还可以实现自旋极化的平带.此文提出的理论模型与二维材料为平带以及相关新奇物理性质的研究提供了理想的且可实现的平台.

摘要：铁电薄膜中的带电界面会产生低维的受限电荷,从而诱导很多诸如二维电子气等新奇的物理性质,在未来的纳米电子器件中具有很大的应用潜力.然而这些带电界面通常会产生巨大的退极化场,很难稳定存在.本文利用晶界工程在多铁Bi Fe O_(3)中制备几何结构和电荷密度可调控的带电界面.这些Bi Fe O_(3)晶界是以Sr Ti O_(3)双晶衬底为模板制备的,具有厘米级的二维尺寸和小于1 nm的厚度.通过压电力显微镜和球差矫正透射电子显微镜测量Bi Fe O_(3)晶界处极化取向和原子结构,我们发现10°,22.6°和36.8°的Bi Fe O_(3)晶界都会形成头对头的极化构型.另外,极化大小在晶界附近并没有受到明显的抑制,表明在晶界处自由载流子和缺陷等很好地屏蔽了极化电荷.因此,这种头对头的极化导致晶界处聚集极化电荷,形成了一个带电的二维界面.通过控制双晶模板的角度可以调控Bi Fe O_(3)中晶界的角度和携带的电荷量,为设计基于带电界面的器件提供了新思路.

摘要：The evolution of tools plays a very important role in promoting the development of a kind of painting and can even shape the *** the process of the development of Chinese painting,the emergence and improvement of writing brush and xuan paper have directly led to the reform of the categories and methods of Chinese *** this period,the relationship between Chinese painting art and the medium of water is getting closer and *** uncontrollability of water also provides more possibilities for the uniqueness and changeable pen and ink effect of Chinese *** can be said that without the unique tools and medium of Chinese painting,the art of Chinese painting may lose its most important support.

摘要：Black Panther is the first superhero film in Marvel’s history that is directed and acted predominantly by African-American *** complementary academic review,high box office and audience rating are highly attributed to the political elements embodied in the movie.A breakthrough is achieved in the conventional cinematic image of the African-American man through the creation of a black hero playing the role of world *** also presents a prosperous and advanced image of Africa,fulfilling and expanding the African-American people’s imagination of their spiritual ***,in responding to the Black Panther movement in black history,the film implicitly explores three possible routes of struggle for the black ethnic group and conveys a political message to the audience.

摘要：As the most influential representative of New England Transcendentalism, Ralph Waldo Emerson has been commonly known as a man of letters and a prophet of religion. Yet, at the same time, he was also questioned by some scholars who argued that Emerson remained aloof and indifferent to both politics and reforms. Scrutinizing the addresses, essays as well as other published writings of Emerson, we can have a better understanding of his deep thought and wisdom concerning reform, and fully realize his great influence. Based on analyzing two essential aspects of Emerson"s views on reform, this paper points out that Emerson"s views on reform are of historical importance; and his views can also provide realistic reference and guidance to the current social reform in China.