摘要：清华大学化学工程系正在进行课程体系调整,将化工设备设计和工艺设计两门课调整为一门课,由笔者讲授.本系教授刘铮博士1999年底在美国访问期间结识了UC berkeley化工系的教师Fred Vorhis,对其开设的化工过程设计课程很感兴趣,并介绍给笔者.笔者与Fred Vorhis进行了较为广泛的交流并深入研究了其化工过程设计课程的教学大纲,发现有很多值得借鉴的地方.在征得Fred Vorhis同意后,将该门课程的教学大纲(Syllabus)的主要部分译出,并根据笔者与FredVorhis的交流讨论进行了补充,遂成此文,愿与同行切磋.

摘要：In the low-level RF control field,ADC acquisition accuracy and noise set the boundary of our control ability,making it important to develop low-noise acquisition *** the design to test stage,all the noise terms should be understood and *** specific need addressed here is the precision acquisition system for the second Linac Coherent Light Source(LCLS-Ⅱ),led by SLAC National Accelerator *** circuit boards for the LTC2174 and AD9268 ADCs are designed and fabricated by *** ADC test framework based on FPGA evaluation board to assess performance has been *** ADC test framework includes both DSP(Digital Signal Processing) firmware and processing *** is useful for low-level RF control and other synchronization *** the clock jitter between two channels give us an understanding of that noise *** with the test framework,the raw ADC data are transferred to a computer through a Gigabit Ethernet *** short-term error signal can be calculated based on a sine wave *** changing low-pass filter bandwidth,relative long-term performance can also be *** jitter and differential phase jitter are the key issues for *** paper will report the test results for LTC2174 and AD9268 *** integral amplitude jitter is smaller than 0.003%,and the integral phase noise is smaller than 0.0015°(measured at 47 MHz RF,100 MHz clock,bandwidth 1 Hz to 100 kHz) for both ADC chips.

摘要：The structure and measurement theory of a single-axis integrated inertia measurement device are discussed in this *** acceleration and angle velocity can be detected by the proposed sensor at the same *** ki- netic model of the device is also *** addition,the signal generation of the single-axis integrated inertia measurement device is analyzed and *** results of the model are consistent with simulation result.

摘要：Material point method（MPM）was originally introduced for large deformation problems in solid mechanics ***,it has been successfully applied to solve a wide range of material ***,previous research has indicated that MPM exhibits numerical instabilities when resolving incompressible flow *** study Chorin＇s projection method in MPM algorithm to simulate material *** projection-type schemes,non-incremental projection and incremental projection,are investigated for their accuracy and stability within *** examples show that the non-incremental projection scheme provides stable results in single phase MPM ***,it avoids artificial pressure oscillations and small time steps that are present in the explicit MPM approach.

摘要：Agrobacterium tumefaciens is an important tool in plant biotechnology due to its natural ability to transfer DNA into the genomes of host *** manipulations of *** have yielded considerable advances in increasing transformational efficiency in a number of plant species and ***,there is overwhelming evidence that modulating the expression of various mediators of *** virulence can lead to more successful plant transformation;thus,the application of synthetic biology to enable targeted engineering of the bacterium may enable new opportunities for advancing plant *** this review,we highlight engineering targets in both *** and plant hosts that could be exploited more effectively through precision genetic control to generate high-quality transformation events in a wider range of host *** then further discuss the current state of *** and plant engineering with regard to plant transformation and describe how future work may incorporate a rigorous synthetic biology approach to tailor strains of *** used in plant transformation.

摘要：In this paper, we propose a new method to estimate the wave height of a specifi c return period based on the Hurst rule and a self-affi ne fractal formula. A detailed description of our proposed model is presented in this paper. We use the proposed model to analyze wave height data recorded along the coast of Chaolian Island from 1963 to 1989. The results show that the performance of our proposed model in estimating design wave heights is superior to traditional models.

摘要：Soon after Roman mint masters began issuing the silver denarius （traditional date 187 B.C.）, they discovered that they could employ coinage as newspapers and PR by individualizing the imagery on each side of the coin with references to their ancestry, current events, and/or their religious offices to increase their name recognition in order to win votes. It should come as no surprise that the Divine Julius ordered his mint masters to issue coinage that advertised all of the above features to circulate his good reputation in what our modern political scientists would call propaganda. After Julius＇ enemies began to attack his reputation, some of his partisans boasted of their closeness to him on coinage by recycling specific coin images. What is surprising is how these partisans adopted the exact imagery Julius had used to advertise his own religious résumé on their coinage, even though these religious images could not and did not apply to them specifically. Apparently, Julius＇ religious résumé no longer demonstrated a religious portfolio, but had transformed into a badge of partisanship, however thinly it applied, so that the religious symbols themselves retained only the function of an association with Julius without their original and intrinsic meaning.

摘要：Based on the extreme value theory, self-affinity, and scale invariance, we studied the temporal and spatial relationship and the variation of water level and established a model of Gumbel-Pareto distribution for designed flood calculation. The model includes the previous extreme value models, the over-threshold data, and the fractal features shared by previous extreme value models. The model was simplified into a logarithmic normal distribution and a Pareto distribution for specific parameter values, and was used to calculate the designed flood values for the Shanghai Wusong Station in 100- and 1 000-year return periods. The calculated results show that the value of the designed flood height calculated in the Gumbel-Pareto distribution is between those in the Gumbel and Pearson-Ⅲ distributions. The designed flood values in the 100- and 1 000-year return periods of the model were 0.03% and 0.11% lower, respectively, than the Gumbel distribution and 0.06% and 1.54% higher, respectively, than the Pearson-Ⅲ distribution. Compared to the traditional model based solely on extreme probability, the Gumbel-Pareto distribution model could better describe the probabilistic characteristics of extreme marine elements and better use the data.

摘要：在热阴极微波电子枪的研制中,为设计微波腔链与波导的耦合孔,应用Derun Li等提出的“能量方法”进行模拟计算。使用MAFIA计算微波电子枪第3腔与外回路馈电波导之间的耦合度,从而设计连接波导与腔链的耦合孔,使两者之间的耦合度满足需要。该方法的计算结果与实验测量值的差别在10%—30%之间,满足实际加工要求。说明其对于驻波加速腔链与外回路耦合的设计计算是相当有效的。

摘要：All commercial electron spin polarimeters work in single channel mode, which is the bottleneck of researches by spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. By adopting the time inversion antisymmetry of the magnetic field, we developed a multichannel spin polarimeter based on normal incident very low energy electron diffraction （VLEED）. The key point to achieve the multi-channel measurements is the spatial resolution of the electron optics. The test of the electron optics shows that the designed spatial resolution can be achieved and an image type spin polarimeter with 100 times 100, totally ten thousand channels is possible to be realized.