摘要：The continuous pursuit for a better quality of life promotes continuous advancements in intelligent *** wearable and implantable bioelectronics have emerged as an innovative complement to rigid material-based electronic devices[1-3].Due to their distinct advantages in terms of ductile,ultrathin,and biocompatible features,these elastic and soft bioelectronic devices can be seamlessly mounted onto various real or artificial tissues and organs.

摘要：Sweat,as a biofluid with the potential for noninvasive collection,provides profound insights into human health conditions,because it contains various chemicals and information to be utilized for the monitoring of well-being,stress levels,exercise,and ***,wearable sweat sensors have been developed as a promising substitute to conventional laboratory sweat detection *** sensors are promising to realize low-cost,real-time,in situ sweat measurements,and provide great opportunities for health status evaluation analysis based on personalized big *** review first presents an overview of wearable sweat sensors from the perspective of basic components,including materials and structures for specific sensing applications and *** strategies and specific methods of the fabrication of wearable power management are also ***,current challenges and future directions of wearable sweat sensors are discussed.

摘要：当前,高渗透性反渗透膜材料的研究引起了广泛的关注,然而高渗透导致的浓差极化与膜污染加剧等瓶颈问题限制了高性能膜材料的应用发展.本工作采用机器学习结合超级计算提出了针对先进反渗透膜材料的组件进水隔网(亚毫米级)与系统(米级)的多尺度优化设计新方法.在进料含盐度35,000 ppm,回收率50%典型工况下,对标目前国际先进海水反渗透淡化工艺,本文提出的优化方案能使淡水制备比能耗(1.66 k Wh/m^(3))降低27.5%,所需膜面积减少约37.2%,系统最大浓差极化因子控制在工程允许范围以内(<1.20),可有效缓解高渗透膜系统中膜污染问题,为高性能膜材料精准设计提供理论依据、计算工具和大数据支撑,有重要的应用潜力.本文提出的机器学习结合超算的多尺度设计新研究范式,突破了基于“试错法”的传统单一尺度组件设计限制,高通量并行计算规模可扩展至93,120核以上,较串行算法计算效率提升3000倍以上,可大幅度缩短高性能膜组件的设计周期.

摘要：研究目的:四轮独立驱动汽车四个车轮的电机转矩可以正、反向输出,有必要对其底盘集成控制系统进行针对性设计以保证各车轮间的协调运作。集成控制系统一般可以分为上层运动控制器和下层力分配器。对于运动控制器的设计,同类研究一般采用滑模控制方法来处理汽车运动的非线性特征,其中终端滑模控制因具有高的稳态精度和有限时间收敛的特点而成为研究热点。对于力分配器的设计,通常方法不能在保证运算效率的同时考虑到执行器的约束,从而很难应用于实际。本文采用终端滑模控制方法来设计运动控制器,通过分析驾驶员操作行为从而更好地追踪理想的车辆运动目标;并提出一种简单有效的转矩分配控制策略,通过考虑轮胎附着极限从而将运动总力分配至四个车轮上。创新要点:本文创新性地将终端滑模控制应用到底盘集成控制系统以实现车辆纵向、侧向及横摆运动的联合控制;本文提出了一种新颖的转矩分配控制策略,将复杂的有约束控制分配问题分解至若干个简单的无约束分配子问题。研究方法:本文采用分层式协调控制方案(图1),应用非奇异和全局快速终端滑模控制方法设计运动控制器,提出一种基于伪逆矩阵的有约束转矩分配策略,应用驾驶员最优预瞄加速度模型来描述和分析人-车闭环系统的运动响应,通过MATLAB/Simulink和CarSim的联合仿真对所设计的四轮独立驱动汽车转矩分配方法进行对比验证。所设定的三个仿真工况包括:开环方向盘角阶跃输入(图6、7及表2)、闭环双移线工况(图8–10)和闭环对开路面制动(图11–15),分别用以测试车辆横摆、侧向及纵向方向上的动力学响应。重要结论:本文提出的基于终端滑模控制的四轮独立驱动汽车转矩分配方法将车辆的稳态转向特性由不足转向转变为中性转向,驾驶员从而能更容易地操纵车辆而不需要对汽车的非线性响应做出额外的转向补偿。与此同时,该分配方法在不影响车辆侧向稳定性的前提下可以准确地响应驾驶员的加速/制动意图。仿真结果表明终端滑模控制器相比传统滑模控制方法在车辆纵向、侧向、横摆方向上的运动控制效果均有一定程度地提高,而有约束的力分配器更可以明显地提高车辆的操纵性和稳定性。综合评价表明,所提出的基于终端滑模控制的四轮独立驱动汽车转矩分配方法获得了最佳的控制性能,符合设计要求。

摘要：Over millions of years of evolution,nature has created organisms with overwhelming performances due to their unique materials and structures,providing us with valuable inspirations for the development of next-generation biomedical *** a promising new technology,3D printing enables the fabrication of multiscale,multi-material,and multi-functional threedimensional(3D)biomimetic materials and structures with high precision and great *** manufacturing challenges of biomedical devices with advanced biomimetic materials and structures for various applications were overcome with the flourishing development of 3D printing *** this paper,the state-of-the-art additive manufacturing of biomimetic materials and structures in the field of biomedical engineering were *** kinds of biomedical applications,including implants,lab-on-chip,medicine,microvascular network,and artificial organs and tissues,were respectively *** technical challenges and limitations of biomimetic additive manufacturing in biomedical applications were further investigated,and the potential solutions and intriguing future technological developments of biomimetic 3D printing of biomedical devices were highlighted.

摘要：近年来,农民看病难、看病贵、因病致贫、因病返贫等问题日益成为社会关注的焦点。为了减轻农民的医疗支出负担,改变农民无钱治病的状况,2002年中国政府提出建立新型农村合作医疗。本文利用抽样调查数据从农民的需求情况、参与情况、认知情况和获益情况四个方面具体考察了新型农村合作医疗的运行状况。研究表明,目前农民对新型合作医疗具有强烈的需求,但是由于新型合作医疗本身制度设计的问题,影响了一部分农民的参与和制度的可持续发展。

摘要：The purpose of this paper is to determine the optimal size and number of tubes for a generic attenuator that is similar to Pelamis P2, the wave energy converter. Simulations using ANSYS Workbench, Design Modeler, and AQWA are performed to study the energy absorption at the nodes between the tubes. The analysis is limited to linearized hydrodynamic fluid waves loading on floating bodies by employing three-dimensional radiation/diffraction theory in regular waves in the frequency domain. Three sets of tests are conducted by varying total tube number, each tube length and the order of tubes with different lengths. After a systematic study in the frequency domain, the optimal size and number of the genetic attenuator is recommended.