摘要：Cobalt nanoparticles(NPs)catalysts are extensively used in heterogeneous catalytic reactions,and the addition of alkali metal promoters is a common method to modulate the catalytic performance because the catalyst's surface structures and morphologies are sensitive to the addition of ***,the underlying modulation trend remains ***,the adsorption of alkali metal promoters(Na and K)on the surfaces of face-centered-cubic(FCC)and hexagonal-closest packed(HCP)polymorphous cobalt was systematically investigated using density functional ***,the effect of alkali promoters on surface energies and nanoparticle morphologies was revealed on the basis of Wulff *** FCC-Co,the exposed area of the(111)facet in the nanoparticle increases with the adsorption coverage of alkali metal ***,the(311),(110),and(100)facets would disappear under the higher adsorption coverage of alkali *** HCPCo,the Wulff morphology is dominated by the(0001)and(1011)facets and is independent of the alkali metal adsorption *** work provides insights into morphology modulation by alkali metal promoters for the rational design and synthesis of cobalt-based nanomaterials with desired facets and morphologies.

摘要：研究在日本传统"诗吟"表演中,在干信号中加上适当时延的单个反射声是否更为有利.专业"诗吟"表演者嗓音中对典型的"节"的吟唱是该种表演艺术的一种独特的吟咏方式.对此及对"节"外内容的吟唱都在消音室中加以录音.文中通过成对比较法试验得出了主观优选的标度值.结果表明,在聆听对"节"的吟唱时,听者更喜欢在干信号中加上延时为10～30ms的单个反射声,而在聆听对"节"外内容的吟唱时,加上单个反射声与否对听者而言并无显著的差别.文中对此项发现从吟唱"节"的声源信号的自相关函数的包络特征上加以讨论.

摘要：The generation of multifunctional isolated active sites in zeolite supports is an attractive method for integrating multistep sequential reactions into a single‐pass tandem catalytic *** this study,bifunctional TiSn‐Beta zeolite was prepared by a simple and scalable post‐synthesis approach,and it was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the tandem conversion of alkenes to 1,2‐*** isolated Ti and Sn Lewis acid sites within the TiSn‐Beta zeolite can efficiently integrate alkene epoxidation and epoxide hydration in tandem in a zeolite microreactor to achieve one‐step conversion of alkenes to 1,2‐diols with a high selectivity of>90%.Zeolite confinement effects result in high tandem rates of alkene epoxidation and epoxide hydration as well as high selectivity toward the desired ***,the novel method demonstrated herein can be employed to other tandem catalytic reactions for sustainable chemical production.

摘要：The selective catalytic hydrogenation of carboxylic acids is an important process for alcohol production,while efficient heterogeneous catalyst systems are still being ***,we report the selective hydrogenation of carboxylic acids using earth‐abundant cobalt oxides through a reaction‐controlled catalysis *** further reaction of the alcohols is completely hindered by the presence of carboxylic acids in the reaction *** partial reduction of cobalt oxides by hydrogen at designated temperatures can dramatically enhance the catalytic activity of pristine samples.A wide range of carboxylic acids with a variety of functional groups can be converted to the corresponding alcohols at a yield level applicable to large‐scale *** monoxide was established as the preferred active phase for the selective hydrogenation of carboxylic acids.

摘要：The implementation of multiple enzymes for chemical production in a cell‐free scenario is an emerging field in *** enables the redesign and reconstitution of new enzymatic routes for producing chemicals that may be hard to obtain from natural *** the construction of a cell‐free multienzyme system is highly flexible and adaptable,it is challenging to make all enzymatic reactions act in ***,modular construction has been conceptual‐ized as an effective way to harmonize diverse enzymatic *** this review,we introduce the concept of a multienzyme module and exemplify representative modules found in *** then categorize recent developments of synthetic multienzyme modules into main‐reaction modules and auxiliary modules according to their roles in reaction *** highlight four main‐reaction mod‐ules that can perform carbon metabolism,carbon assimilation,protein glycosylation and nonribo‐somal peptide synthesis,and exemplify auxiliary modules used for energy supply,protection and reinforcement for main *** reactor‐level modularization of multienzyme catalysis is also discussed.

摘要：Carbonyl compounds with elements of C, H, and O and reversible redox-active centers are promising elec- trode materials in rechargeable batteries owing to their high theoretical capacity, structure flexibility and resources abun- dance. However, the low conductivity and the dissolution of active molecules in organic electrolyte limit the practical ap- plication. Immobilizing the carbonyls on graphene provides a simple approach to address these two issues. However, most reported interaction between carbon-based substrates and carbonyl compounds is weak π-π interaction, which is not strong enough to prohibit the detachment of active ma- terials from carbon surface, and thus leading to undesirable cycling performance. Herein, we applied the first principle calculations to study the carbonyls-graphene interaction and found that the weak rc-a interaction can be rationally converted to the strong a-Li-~~ interaction via introducing the groups containing Li atoms. The introduced Li atoms can cooperatively bind with the two aromatic a components through the covalent Li-carbonyl compounds interaction and Li-graphene interaction. The concept of ~（-Li-Tr interaction provides a versatile method to suppress the dissolution of active materials and increase the electronic conductivity at the same time, which gains insight into the design of organic electrode materials for rechargeable batteries with high performance.

摘要：Rechargeable Li batteries as electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices are continuously changing human life. In order to meet the increasing demand for energy and power density, it is essential and urgent to exploit the electrode materials with high capacity and fast charge transfer(for Li-ion and Li-S batteries) and electrocatalysts with high activity(for rechargeable Li-O2 batteries). The high capacity is attributed to high electron transfer number and low molecular weight of the electrode materials. Combined with proper nanostructure design, the electronic transfer and ionic conductivity will be improved. This review summarizes recent efforts to apply electrode materials for Li-ion batteries with multi-electron reaction, Li-S batteries, and efficient electrocatalysts for Li-O2 batteries. The methods to enhance the cycling and rate performance have been discussed in detail. advanced rechargeable Li batteries with multi-electron reaction will become the research emphasis in the future.

摘要：Owing to its photonic band gap(PBG)and slow light effects,aniline black(AB)-poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)inverse opal(IO)photonic crystal(PC)was constructed to promote the utility of light and realize photothermal synergetic *** a highly efficient reaction platform with the capability of restricting heat,a microreactor was introduced to further amplify the photothermal effects of near infrared(NIR)*** photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO/0.5AB-PVDF IO(Z0.5A)increases 1.63-fold compared to that of pure ZnO film under a full solar spectrum,indicating the effectiveness of synergetic promotion by slow light and photothermal ***,a 5.85-fold increase is achieved by combining Z0.5A with a microreactor compared to the film in a *** photon localization effect of PVDF IO was further exemplified by finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)*** conclusion,photonic crystal-microreactor enhanced photothermal catalysis has immense potential for alleviating the deteriorating water environment.

摘要：Current electro spun membranes used for pulp capping still lack the sustained-release capability and long-term anti-inflammatory effects that are favorable for dental pulp *** this work,a single-layered poly(lac tic acid)(PLA)electro spun membrane loaded with amorphous calcium phosphate(ACP)and aspirin(PLA/ACP/Aspirin membrane,i.e.,PA A membrane)is sandwiched between two poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)electro spun membranes as a novel sandwich-structured PLGA and PA A composite electro spun membrane(PLGA-PAA membrane)to resolve the need for sustained-release design and anti-inflammatory *** angle measurements indicate that the PLGA-PAA membrane is more hydrophilic than the PAA *** in vitro release study reveals that PLGA membranes coated on PAA membrane could slightly slow down ion release,while signiificantly prolonging aspirin *** also co-cultured membranes with dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)and human monocytic THP-1 cells to evaluate their osteogenic ability and anti-inflammatory effects,*** with the PAA membrane,the PLGA-PAA membrane promotes cell adhesion,proliferation,and osteogenic differentiation.A prolonged anti-inflammatory effect of up to 18 days is also observed in the PLGA-PAA *** results suggest a promising strategy for fabricating an electro spun membrane system with controlled release capabilities and long-term anti-inflammatory effects for use as pulp-capping material for regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex.

摘要：本文设计并制造了一种能够制备高质量非晶复合材料条带的新型配有水冷铜板的双辊铸轧原型机.利用该轧机在不同温度下成功制备了具有三种不同体积分数β-Ti枝晶的非晶复合材料带材(简称BT30,BT48和BT60),并通过一系列三点弯曲试验研究了其力学性能.结果表明,在高温下轧制的带材,高温元素在中间区域富集,导致成分分布不均.此外,由于铸轧过程中热力耦合导致在非晶复合材料中存在较大的内应力,这会显著影响其力学性能.新型铸轧设备为制备非晶复合材料带材提供了新的途径,基于该设备进行的研究深化了对非晶复合材料带材微观组织及力学性能的理解.