摘要：Sweat loss monitoring is important for understanding the body’s thermoregulation and hydration status,as well as for comprehensive sweat *** recent advances,developing a low-cost,scalable,and universal method for the fabrication of colorimetric microfluidics designed for sweat loss monitoring remains *** this study,we propose a novel laserengraved surface roughening strategy for various flexible *** process permits the construction of microchannels that show distinct structural reflectance changes before and after sweat *** leveraging these unique optical properties,we have developed a fully laser-engraved microfluidic device for the quantification of naked-eye sweat *** sweat loss sensor is capable of a volume resolution of 0.5µL and a total volume capacity of 11µL,and can be customized to meet different performance ***,we report the development of a crosstalk-free dual-mode sweat microfluidic system that integrates an Ag/AgCl chloride sensor and a matching wireless measurement flexible printed circuit *** integrated system enables the real-time monitoring of colorimetric sweat loss signals and potential ion concentration signals without ***,we demonstrate the potential practical use of this microfluidic sweat loss sensor and its integrated system for sports medicine via on-body studies.

摘要：Because of its high purity and excellent orientation, mesophase pitch is a superior precursor for high-performance car-bon materials. However, the preparation of top-notch mesophase pitch faces challenges. Catalytic polycondensation at low temperat-ures is more favorable for synthesizing mesophase pitch, because it circumvents the high-temperature free radical reaction of other thermal polycondensation approaches. The reaction is gentle and can be easily controlled. It has the potential to significantly im-prove the yield of mesophase pitch and easily introduce naphthenic characteristics into the molecules, catalytic polycondensation is therefore a preferred method of synthesizing highly spinnable mesophase pitch. This review provides a synopsis of the selective pre-treatment of the raw materials to prepare different mesophase pitches, and explains the reaction mechanism and associated research advances for different catalytic systems in recent years. Finally, how to manufacture high-quality mesophase pitch by using a cata-lyst-promoter system is summarized and proposed, which may provide a theoretical basis for the future design of high-quality pitch molecules.

摘要：本工作利用基于密度泛函理论的高通量计算方法,研究了由金属团簇和四羟基苯(THB)分子形成的232个具有Kagome晶格的有机金属网格.在由THB分子和过渡金属原子三聚体(称为Y_(3)-THB)组成的有机金属网格中,有7种网格结构是本征有机拓扑绝缘体.进一步引入过渡金属原子(Tl,Pb,Bi)后得到的X_(3)Y_(4)-THB结构中,发现了9个具有较大自旋轨道耦合能隙的本征有机拓扑绝缘体.在这些本征拓扑绝缘体中,α相Pb_(3)Zn_(4)-THB结构是具有拓扑平带的拓扑绝缘体,其非平庸自旋轨道耦合能隙(97.5 meV)几乎是其平带带宽(22.5 meV)的4倍,是实现分数量子霍尔效应的理想平台.该工作为设计具有大能隙的二维有机拓扑绝缘体提供了新的途径.

摘要：以著名的LiB_(3)O_(5)为模板,通过增强其结构中B_(2)O_(5)的夹角使双折射更小,在封闭体系中通过高温溶液法获得了两种新的用于制造零级波片的双折射晶体Li_(2)MLaB_(18)O_(30)(M=Rb,Cs).有趣的是,相邻的B_(2)O_(5)接近垂直排列,使得它们表现出比商用石英晶体(Δn~0.0092在可见光区域)小得多的双折射率(分别为0.0032@532 nm和0.0027@532 nm).此外,Li_(2)MLaB_(18)O_(30)(M=Rb,Cs)晶体的紫外截止边均低于200 nm,表明它们可用作深紫外区域的零级波片材料.

摘要：Ni/TiO_(2) catalyst is widely employed for photo-driven DRM reaction while the influence of crystal structure of TiO_(2) remains *** this work,the rutile/anatase ratio in supports was successfully controlled by varying the calcination temperature of anatase-TiO_(2).Structural characterizations revealed that a distinct TiO_(x) coating on the Ni nanoparticles(NPs)was evident for Ni/TiO_(2)-700 catalyst due to strong metal-support *** is observed that the TiOx overlayer gradually disappeared as the ratio of rutile/anatase increased,thereby enhancing the exposure of Ni active *** exposed Ni sites enhanced visible light absorption and boosted the dissociation capability of CH4,which led to the much elevated catalytic activity for Ni/TiO_(2)-950 in which rutile ***,the catalytic activity of solar-driven DRM reaction was significantly influenced by the rutile/anatase ***/TiO_(2)-950,characterized by a predominant rutile phase,exhibited the highest DRM reactivity,with remarkable H_(2) and CO production rates reaching as high as 87.4 and 220.2 mmol/(g·h),*** rates were approximately 257 and 130 times higher,respectively,compared to those obtained on Ni/TiO_(2)-700 with *** study suggests that the optimization of crystal structure of TiO_(2) support can effectively enhance the performance of photothermal DRM reaction.

摘要：Short-range ordering(SRO)is one of the most important structural features of high entropy alloys(HEAs).However,the chemical and structural analyses of SROs are very difficult due to their small size,complexed compositions,and varied *** electron microscopy(TEM)as well as its aberration correction techniques are powerful for characterizing SROs in these compositionally complex *** this short communication,we summarized recent progresses regarding characterization of SROs using TEM in the field of *** using advanced TEM techniques,not only the existence of SROs was confirmed,but also the effect of SROs on the deformation mechanism was ***,the perspective related to application of TEM techniques in HEAs are also discussed.

摘要：非质子锂氧电池基于锂金属与氧的可逆反应生成Li_(2)O_(2),可提供极高的理论能量密度.然而,Li_(2)O_(2)的成核/消除机制仍然不清楚.因此,构建能在原子水平上深入了解催化机理的催化剂体系,是开发高性能锂氧电池的关键.在此,我们报道了一种在富氧空位的Co_(3)O_(4)(Pd1-Co_(3)O_(4x))中实现Pd单原子选择性锚定的策略.原子水平表征技术揭示了Pd原子优先地结合到缺陷Co_(3)O_(4)的四面体位点.理论计算表明,选择性锚定的Pd单原子与氧空位的耦合引起了明显的电荷重分布,这可以有效地提高Pd 4d轨道在费米能级附近的能带占用率,促进电子转移,有利于中间体的吸附.这种双重相互作用不仅可以调节放电过程中Li_(2)O_(2)的成核生长过程,而且有利于Li_(2)O_(2)上的电子云的离域,减弱Li-O键的强度,从而促进Li_(2)O_(2)在充电过程中的分解.本研究对锂氧电池在原子水平上的催化机理和高效催化剂的合理设计提出了一些见解.

摘要：磁场触发的催化剂轨道电子自旋排列已成为促进析氧反应的一种有趣而可行的策略.然而,具有强d-d库仑相互作用的高熵合金(HEAs)催化剂中的磁场增强机制尚未得到充分挖掘.在此,我们设计了具有优异软磁性的高熵合金金属片,在微小磁场下表现出显著的磁场增强催化作用,其磁导率可作为评估磁场增强的描述因子.具体地,仅施加50 mT的磁场,(FeCoNi)_(82.5)Cr_(17.5)HEAs的过电位下降就超过了36mV@10 mA cm^(-2).此外,过电位的降低与HEA的磁导率呈线性关系.原位拉曼光谱与理论计算结果表明,施加磁场可显著提高自旋密度,改善催化剂的3d电子与*O自由基的2p轨道之间的自旋相互作用,从而有效降低速率决定步骤(*O→*OOH)的能量障碍,进而促进O-O的形成.

摘要：稀土元素(REEs)作为现代高科技产业发展的关键原材料,在多个前沿领域具有广泛应用.然而,由于稀土元素分布相对分散,其提取往往伴随着环境退化.此外,稀土元素的相似化学性质导致了分离过程中的高能耗和过度污染排放.为了实现稀土的绿色发展和高效资源利用,通过合成生物学技术构建了工程稀土微生物.此外,我们建立了工程稀土微生物合成平台,实现了原位合成高附加值的稀土生物材料,推动了临床转化研究和应用的进展.本文综述了稀土微生物的合理设计、高价值稀土生物材料的合成及其应用.最后,简要讨论了该领域的未来研究和发展前景.

摘要：Due to their tunable acidity,shape selectivity,and excellent stability,zeolites are of great importance as solid acid materials in industrial *** the properties of the acid sites in zeolites allows for the rational design and fabrication of catalysts for target *** ether(DME)carbonylation,a critical chain-growth reaction for C1 resource utilization,is selectively catalyzed by the Brønsted acid sites within the eight-membered rings(8-MRs)of mordenite(MOR).It is anticipated that strengthening the Brønsted acidity—particularly in 8-MRs—will improve the catalytic performance of *** this work,density functional theory(DFT)calculations are first employed and the results used to design a modified MOR with stannum(Sn)and to predict the corresponding changes in *** by the theoretical studies,a series of Sn-modified MOR are synthesized via a defect-engineering and subsequent heteroatom-substitution *** partial desilication,isolated tetrahedral Sn species in an open configuration are successfully synthesized for the first time,within which tetrahedrally coordinated Al sites are *** acidic characterization is used to confirm that the acidity of the Brønsted acid sites is enhanced by the introduction of the Sn species;as a result,the sample exhibits excellent activity in DME carbonylation *** and DFT studies reveal that this strengthened acidity facilitates the adsorption of DME and reduces the activation barriers of DME dissociation and acetyl formation,accounting for the improved *** work demonstrates mechanistic insights into the promoting effects of strong acidity on DME carbonylation and offers a promising strategy to precisely control the acidic strength of zeolites.