摘要：Over the course of civilization,humans have increasingly expanded their freedom to live a better *** comparison with the primitive society,our modern society has many more choices of life-supporting resources,such as yearround food supply,permanent shelters,diverse energy sources,and effective preventive and curing ***,our society is currently still heavily relying on the resources provided by Mother Nature,which cannot meet the future global needs in terms of both quantity and quality under the pressure of population growth,natural resource reduction,and environmental *** example,the food sources originating from plants,animals,or microbes do not have the nutrition balance for optimal human health[1–3].Climate change and environmental deterioration threaten the food security[4–6].Increasingly,infectious diseases(e.g.,HIV/AIDS),genetic diseases(e.g.,cancer),and improper lifestyle-related disorders(e.g.,obesity)become more prevalent and remain challenging to be prevented,controlled,and *** medical technologies and modern medicine development are also meeting the ceiling.

摘要：背景:在进行大规模接触者调查后,对结核菌素试验(TST)阳性个体提供预防性抗结核治疗。目的:研究随访期间异烟肼(INH)的治疗效果和γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA)的时效。设计:在大规模接触者调查期间,TST检测为阳性的对象(n=122例)纳入本研究。在2年里,每6个月抽取一次血标本用来进行两种试验。结果:122例中,36例(29.5%)完成异烟肼预防性治疗,71例(58.2%)每6个月进行一次X线筛查随访,另有15例(12.3%)未完成异烟肼预防性治疗。阳性者的总百分率在2年间保持稳定,大约在45%～50%,但随着时间的推移,个体的反应有变化。大多数初始IGRA低者,随访期间其结果仍然在临界值以下,初始IGRA结果高的仍为阳性,而IGRA初始结果为中等程度者,随访期间有多种动态类型。结论:本研究显示IGRA反应随着时间推移变异较大,提示其在潜伏感染个体随访中的应用价值有限。然而,在那些初始IGRA为中等程度结果的个体表现出不同动态类型的意义,需要进一步研究。

摘要：为探索FadD3在结核分枝杆菌胆固醇分解代谢中的作用,从结核分枝杆菌H37Ra的全基因组中克隆了FadD3基因,并在大肠杆菌BL21中表达.根据NCBI公布的结核分枝杆菌全基因组序列设计一对引物,PCR扩增FadD3基因.PCR扩增产物与克隆载体pGEM3Zf(+)进行拼接,得到重组基因FadD3-pGEM3Zf(+),再转化到大肠杆菌DH5ɑ得到克隆.PCR检测阳性克隆,再与表达载体pYUB28b拼接,得到重组质粒FadD3-pYUB28b.阳性重组质粒亚克隆到大肠杆菌BL21宿主菌进行自体诱导表达.经过表型筛选及鉴定分析,已成功构建了重组表达质粒***-PAGE和Western blotting证实,重组基因FadD3-pYUB28b在大肠杆菌BL21中有表达产物.实验结果表明,以pYUB28b为表达载体,FadD3重组基因在大肠杆菌表达体系于温度分别为18,28℃有包涵体形式的表达蛋白,在37℃无表达产物.

摘要：Atrial fibrillation is an “invisible killer” of human health. It often induces high-risk diseases, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. Fortunately, atrial fibrillation can be diagnosed and treated early. Low-level vagus nerve stimulation(LL-VNS) is a promising therapeutic method for atrial fibrillation. However, some fundamental challenges still need to be overcome in terms of flexibility,miniaturization, and long-term service of bioelectric stimulation devices. Here, we designed a closedloop self-powered LL-VNS system that can monitor the patient’s pulse wave status in real time and conduct stimulation impulses automatically during the development of atrial fibrillation. The implant is a hybrid nanogenerator(H-NG), which is flexible, light weight, and simple, even without electronic circuits,components, and batteries. The maximum output of the H-NG was 14.8 V and 17.8 μA(peak to peak). In the in vivo effect verification study, the atrial fibrillation duration significantly decreased by 90% after LLVNS therapy, and myocardial fibrosis and atrial connexin levels were effectively improved. Notably, the anti-inflammatory effect triggered by mediating the NF-κB and AP-1 pathways in our therapeutic system is observed. Overall, this implantable bioelectronic device is expected to be used for self-powerability,intelligentization, portability for management, and therapy of chronic diseases.

摘要：目的:描述青少年哮喘漏诊的相关因素。设计:在人群队列研究中分析亚群。地点:丹麦欧登塞市。对象:为495名12～15岁学龄儿童,这些儿童是从3年前行队列研究的1 369名儿童中筛选出来,筛选是根据随机选择(n=292)和选择本人或家族成员中有过敏史或有哮喘样症状者(n=203)。

摘要：Coordinated numerical ensemble experiments with six different state-of-the-art atmosphere models were used to evaluate and quantify the impact of global SST(from reanalysis data)on the early winter Arctic warming during *** sets of experiments were designed:in the first set(EXP1),OISSTv2 daily sea-ice concentration and SST variations were used as the lower boundary forcing,while in the second set(EXP2)the SST data were replaced by the daily SST *** the results,the multi-model ensemble mean of EXP1 showed a nearsurface(~850 hPa)warming trend of 0.4℃/10 yr,which was 80%of the warming trend in the *** simulated warming trend was robust across the six models,with a magnitude of 0.36-0.50℃/10 *** global SST could explain most of the simulated warming trend in EXP1 in the mid and low troposphere over the Arctic,and accounted for 58%of the simulated near-surface *** results also suggest that the uppertropospheric warming(~200 hPa)over the Arctic in the reanalysis is likely not a forced signal;rather,it is caused by natural climate *** source regions that can potentially impact the early winter Arctic warming are explored and the limitations of the study are discussed.

摘要：目的:研究孕期使用异烟肼和其他抗结核药治疗对人类致畸的可能性。 设计及背景:病例人群选自匈牙利先天畸形病例对照监测中心一大型人群资料库,对照组资料来自国家出生人口登记处1980到1996年间出生的人群。所有关于孕期口服抗结核药治疗的情况都有医疗记录。研究对象:有先天畸形的新生儿或胎儿的母亲(病例组)和没有先天畸形儿的母亲(对照组)。主要结果的判断标准:新生儿和胎儿先天畸形诊断于出生前第二和第三个3个月期间及出生后是从出生到1岁内。 结果:对照组38 151人中,29例(0.08％)在孕期接受过抗结核药物治疗;病例组则分别为22 856人和11例(0.05％)。患病率OR值为0.6(95％CI0.3-1.3)。经过对孕期第二、三个月应用过异烟肼及其它口服抗结核药物的分析(此阶段是发生畸形的危险期)病例-对照均未显示这些药物有致畸作用。 结论:母亲在孕期接受口服抗结核药物治疗对胎儿无可察觉的致畸危险性;但是在先天畸形形成的关键期使用这些药物的女性人数有限(病例组6人,对照组21人)。

摘要：目的:发展和评估一项新的X线胸片阅读和记录系统(CRRS)在社区结核病及肺部疾病调查中的价值。设计:采用新发展的X线胸片阅读和记录系统(CRRS),一名有经验的肺病专家共阅读了为调查结核病患病率而拍摄的胸片2608张。在2608张X线胸片中,分层随机抽取810张胸片(31％)由第二位阅片者阅读报告。计算两位阅片者间一致性的kappa值(κ)。分层随机抽取104张X线胸片再次阅读和报告,计算同一阅片者两次阅读间一致性的κ值。结果:两阅片者间在符合结核病异常阴影判定的一致性的κ值为0．69(95％CI:0．64-0．74)、任何异常者的一致性的κ值为0．47(95%CI:0．42-0．53)。同一阅片者对符合结核病异常及任何异常的二次判定结果一致率的κ值各为0．90(95％CI:0．81-0．99)及0．85(95％CI:0．74-0．95)．结论:此标准化的X线胸片阅读及记录系统提供了满意的阅片者间及同一阅片者二次阅片间的一致性,适用于在社区进行结核病及其它肺部疾病的调查。还可用于各种不同调查所获结果的比较。

摘要：Objective:This study aimed at exploring the attempters'perception of community social services included any barriers to seeking help and ***:The participants were patients with self-harming behavior aged 15 years or above.A set of guiding questions were designed to explore the general barriers and accessibility to community social services.A voice recording was made,which was later converted into a text transcript and then preceded for content analysis with co-occurrence and similarity matrix *** males and nine females with a history of self-harm aged between 24 and 58 years were recruited for the ***:The participants had diverse experiences and backgrounds,and attitudes toward community social ***,there was a shared perception of the need to enhance community social *** were four main themes and 12 sub themes *** main theme included the service availability,service accessibility,affordability and *** details,participants were unaware of the available types of care/social services in the community,and were unaware about the nearby social *** also suggested extending service hours and focused services should be offered to help people with different backgrounds and ***,those with experience of service utilization had both positive and negative perspectives and they gave suggestions for service delivery,mainly extending service hours and offering focused services such as for gambling control and financial *** view of interaction with service providers,counseling skills and trust were highly appreciated by the ***:The results identified common circumstances of falling into financial hardship(gambling)and social fragmentation(divorce,poor family relationships,and poor marital relationships),which also suggested to enhance services on center location,service arrangement,and skill of caregivers.

摘要：研究根据实际案例,介绍1种高频压力数据异常模式识别组合模型,组合模型包含异常模式提取、基于DTW距离的相似搜索、基于DTW的K-means时间序列聚类。有望在实际运用中,针对供水管网中已知的异常模式,进行识别预警。选取某压力监测点的高频压力数据对模型进行分析。结果表明,模型能够有效识别出实际案例中的异常模式,归一化互信息(NMI)指数可达0.818。