摘要：advanced programmable metamaterials with heterogeneous microstructures have become increasingly prevalent in scientific and engineering disciplines attributed to their tunable ***,exploring the structure-property relationship in these materials,including forward prediction and inverse design,presents substantial *** inhomogeneous microstructures significantly complicate traditional analytical or simulation-based ***,we establish a novel framework that integrates the machine learning(ML)-encoded multiscale computational method for forward prediction and Bayesian optimization for inverse *** prior end-to-end ML methods limited to specific problems,our framework is both load-independent and *** means that a single training session for a constitutive model suffices to tackle various problems directly,eliminating the need for repeated data collection or *** demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of this framework using metamaterials with designable elliptical holes or lattice honeycombs *** accelerated forward prediction,we can precisely customize the stiffness and shape of metamaterials under diverse loading scenarios,and extend this capability to multi-objective customization ***,we achieve topology optimization for stress alleviation at the crack tip,resulting in a significant reduction of Mises stress by up to 41.2%and yielding a theoretical interpretable *** framework offers a general,efficient and precise tool for analyzing the structure-property relationships of novel metamaterials.

摘要：Eutectic and near-eutectic high entropy alloys （HEAs） have recently attracted a great deal of interest because of their promising properties, such as an excellent castability and unique combination of good ductility and high strength. However, in the absence of a phase diagram, it remains a non-trivial task to find a eutectic or near-eutectic composition for a HEA system, which usually demands a tremendous amount of efforts if a trial-and-error approach is followed. In this paper, we briefly review the thermodynamics that governs the entectic solidification in regular binary and ternary alloys, and proceed to the discussion for the design of eutectic HEAs. Based on the data reported, we then propose an improved strategy which may enable an efficient search for the eutectic or near eutectic HEA compositions.

摘要：Phase-field simulation serves as an effective tool for quantitative characterization of microstructure evolution in single-crystal Ni-based superalloys during solidification nowadays. The classic unit cell is either limited to γdendrites along crystal orientation or too ideal to cover complex morphologies for γ dendrites. An attempt to design the unit cell for two-dimensional(2-D) phase-field simulations of microstructure evolution in single-crystal Ni-based superalloys during solidification was thus performed by using the MICRESS(MICRostructure Evolution Simulation Software) in the framework of the multi-phase-field(MPF) model,and demonstrated in a commercial TMS-113 superalloy. The coupling to CALPHAD(CALculation of PHAse Diagram) thermodynamic database was realized via the TQ interface and the experimental diffusion coefficients were utilized in the simulation. Firstly, the classic unit cell with a single γ dendrite along crystal orientation was employed for the phase-field simulation in order to reproduce the microstructure ***, such simple unit cell was extended into the cases with two other different crystal orientations, i.e., and . Thirdly, for crystal orientations, the effect of γ dendritic orientations and unit cell sizes on microstructure and microsegregation was comprehensively studied, from which a new unit cell with multiple γdendrites was proposed. The phase-field simulation with the newly proposed unit cell was further performed in the TMS-113 superalloy, and the microstructure features including the competitive growth of γ dendrites,microsegregation of different solutes and distribution of γ′ grains, can be nicely reproduced.

摘要：Three acceptor-donor-acceptor （A-D-A） small molecules DCAODTBDT, DRDTBDT and DTBDTBDT using dithieno[2,3-d：2＇,3＇-d＇]benzo[1,2-b：4,5-b＇]dithiophene as the central building block, octyl cyanoacetate, 3-octylrhodanine and thiobarbituric acid as the end groups were designed and synthesized as donor materials in solution-processed photovoltaic cells （OPVs）. The impacts of these different electron withdrawing end groups on the photophysical properties, energy levels, charge carrier mobility, morphologies of blend films, and their photovoltaic properties have been systematically investigated. OPVs device based on DRDTBDT gave the best power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 8.34%, which was significantly higher than that based on DCAODTBDT （4.83%） or DTBDTBDT （3.39%）. These results indicate that rather dedicated and balanced consideration of absorption, energy levels, morphology, mobility, etc. for the design of small-molecule-based OPVs （SM-OPVs） and systematic investigations are highly needed to achieve high performance for SM-OPVs.

摘要：As surgical procedures transition from conventional resection to advanced tissue-regeneration technologies,human disease therapy has witnessed a great leap *** particular,three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting stands as a landmark in this setting,by promising the precise integration of biomaterials,cells,and bioactive molecules,thus opening up a novel avenue for tissue/organ *** by the editorial board of Bio-Design and Manufacturing,this review brings together a cohort of leading young scientists in China to dissect the core functionalities and evolutionary trajectory of 3D bioprinting,by elucidating the intricate challenges encountered in the manufacturing of transplantable *** further delve into the translational pathway from scientific research to clinical application,emphasizing the imperativeness of establishing a regulatory framework and rigorously enforcing quality-control ***,this review outlines the strategic landscape and innovative achievements of China in this field and provides a comprehensive roadmap for researchers worldwide to propel this field collectively to even greater heights.

摘要：Commercially pure titanium and titanium alloys have been among the most commonly used materials for biomedical applications since the 1950 *** to the excellent mechanical tribological properties,corrosion resistance,biocompatibility,and antibacterial properties of titanium,it is getting much attention as a biomaterial for ***,titanium promotes osseointegration without any additional adhesives by physically bonding with the living bone at the implant *** properties are crucial for producing high-strength metallic alloys for biomedical *** alloys are manufactured into the three types ofα,β,andα+β.The scientific and clinical understanding of titanium and its potential applications,especially in the biomedical field,are still in the early *** review aims to establish a credible platform for the current and future roles of titanium in *** first explore the developmental history of ***,we review the recent advancement of the utility of titanium in diverse biomedical areas,its functional properties,mechanisms of biocompatibility,host tissue responses,and various relevant antimicrobial *** research will be directed toward advanced manufacturing technologies,such as powder-based additive manufacturing,electron beam melting and laser melting deposition,as well as analyzing the effects of alloying elements on the biocompatibility,corrosion resistance,and mechanical properties of ***,the role of titania nanotubes in regenerative medicine and nanomedicine applications,such as localized drug delivery system,immunomodulatory agents,antibacterial agents,and hemocompatibility,is investigated,and the paper concludes with the future outlook of titanium alloys as biomaterials.

摘要：The antibacterial properties of nano-metal oxides （ZnO, CuO） are based on the formation of reactive oxygen species （ROS）. This work reveals that the antibacterial properties of these nano-metal oxides are strongly dependent on their crystalline structure. The antibacterial activity of the nanooxides was tested against four types of bacteria that commonly cause nosocomial infections. The sonochemical method was applied not only for synthesis of nanooxides but also to their coating on textiles. The antibacterial properties of textiles coated with commercial and sonochemically prepared nano-metal oxides were evaluated and compared. The toxicity was evaluated on human lung cells and amphibian embryos, as representative models for inhalation and aquatic toxicology. The sonochemically prepared metal nanooxides are better antimicrobials than commercially available metal oxides with the same particle size range. It was found that the crystallites which have more defects and less organized structure are more toxic. The formation of ROS was studied by electron spin resonance （ESR） measurements for both the sonochemically prepared and commercial samples of ZnO/CuO nanoparticles. A significant increase in the production of radical species was found in the more defective, sonochemically prepared samples, as compared to the commercial ones. Since modulation of the nanoparticle defects influenced their toxicity, the possibility of engineering safer nano-antibacterials is indicated.

摘要：The growth direction of nanowires is critically important for precisely controlling their physical and chemical properties and the performance of related nanowire-based electronic devices. Realizing the true orientations of nanowires is an important issue regarding designing and growth of nanowires with desired orientations and the subsequent applications. In this study, we demonstrated three electron microscopic techniques to determine the growth directions of epitaxial nanowires: mainly, correlating selected area electron diffraction pattern and brightfield imaging in transmission electron microscopes, tilting the nanowires until their growth directions parallel to the incident electron beams in scanning electron microscopes, and correlating the nature of cleavage planes of the nanowire substrates and nanowire projections in the side-view scanning electron microscopic investigations.

摘要：High-entropy alloys(HEAs)contain multiple principal alloying elements,but usually with simple crystal *** are structurally complex phases,but are generally dominated by only one ***,nearequiatomic high-entropy quasicrystals have rarely been reported because they are difficult to prepare experimentally and predict ***,the preparation and crystal structures of near-equiatomic high-entropy quasicrystals have drawn much *** report a quinary decagonal quasicrystal(DQC)with near-equiatomic alloying elements in Al20Si20Mn20Fe20Ga20 melt-spun ribbons,which is the first to our ***,the structural features of the DQC are characterized in *** configurational entropy of both the alloy and DQC satisfies the entropy-based criterion for HEAs,suggesting a high-entropy *** findings provide a new strategy to develop high-entropy quasicrystals.

摘要：The rational design and precise synthesis of multifunctional hybrid nanostructures with a tailored active core and a large, dendritic, modified mesoporous structured shell can promote catalysis, energy storage, and biological applications. Here, an oil-water biphase stratification coating strategy has been developed to prepare monodisperse magnetic dendritic mesoporous silica core-shell structured nano- spheres. These sophisticated Fe3O4@SiO2@dendritic-mSiO2 nanospheres feature large dendritic open pores （2.7 and 10.3 nm）. Significantly, the silica shells can be converted into dendritic mesoporous aluminosilicate frameworks with unchanged porosity, a Si/Al molar ratio of 14, and remarkably strong acidic sites, through a post-synthesis approach. In addition, the resultant magnetic dendritic mesoporous aluminosilicate nanospheres exhibit outstanding properties and promising application in phosphate removal from wastewater.