摘要：The discovery of superconductivity at Tc = 26 K in fluorine-doped LaFeAsO [1] has led to the subsequent findings of dozens of new superconducting materials in the class of Fe-based superconductors (FeSCs)[2,3]. All those FeSCs were found to possess antifluorite-like Fe2X2 (X = As, Se) layers which were believed to be the crucial structural motif for the emergence of high-temperature superconductivity. This common feature makes it possible to design a new FeSC with the crystal chemistry [3-5]. For example, with the consideration of the intergrowth of BaFe2As2 and BaTi2As2O, the new FeSC Ba2Fe2Ti2As4O (Tc=21 K) was discovered [6]. The block-layer-design approach was also demonstrated to be effective for other class of layered materials, such as Eu3Bi2S4F4 [7], LaPb- BiS3O [8], La5Cu4As4O4C12 [9], Pb5BiFe3O10Cl2 [10], and Bi4Q4CU1.7Se2.7CI03 [11].

摘要：Multiscale simulation is a key research tool in the quest for new permanent *** with first principles methods,a sequence of simulation methods can be applied to calculate the maximum possible coercive field and expected energy density product of a magnet made from a novel magnetic material ***(Fe)-rich magnetic phases suitable for permanent magnets can be found by means of adaptive genetic *** intrinsic properties computed by ab initio simulations are used as input for micromagnetic simulations of the hysteresis properties of permanent magnets with a realistic *** machine learning techniques,the magnet’s structure can be optimized so that the upper limits for coercivity and energy density product for a given phase can be *** property relations of synthetic permanent magnets were computed for several candidate hard magnetic *** following pairs(coercive field(T),energy density product(kJ·m^-3))were obtained for iron-tin-antimony(Fe3Sn0.75Sb0.25):(0.49,290),L10-ordered iron-nickel(L10 FeNi):(1,400),cobalt-iron-tantalum(CoFe6Ta):(0.87,425),and manganese-aluminum(MnAl):(0.53,80).

摘要：Common solar-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC) cells for water splitting were designed by using semiconducting photoactive materials as working photoelectrodes to capture sunlight. Due to the thermodynamic requirement of 1.23 eV and kinetic energy loss of about 0.6 eV, a photo-voltage of 1.8 V produced by PEC cells is generally required for spontaneous water splitting. Therefore, the minimum bandgap of1.8 eV is demanded for photoactive materials in single-photoelectrode PEC cells, and the bandgap of about 1 eV for back photoactive materials is appropriate in tandem PEC cells. All these PEC cells cannot effectively utilize the infrared light from 1250 to 2500 nm. In order to realize the full spectrum utilization of solar light, here, we develop a solar-driven PEC water splitting system integrated with a thermoelectric device. The key feature of this system is that the thermoelectric device produces a voltage as an additional bias for the PEC system by using the temperature difference between the incident infrared-light heated aqueous electrolyte in the PEC cell as the hot source and unirradiated external water as the cold source. Compared to a reference PEC system without the thermoelectric device, this system has a significantly improved overall water splitting activity of 1.6 times and may provide a strategy for accelerating the application of full spectrum solar light-driven PEC cells for hydrogen production.

摘要：The conversion of biomass-derived products to fine chemicals and fuels is extremely important for the utilization of renewable energy *** is not only a by-product formed during the hydrogenation of biomass-derived oxygenated chemicals,but also an inexpensive and nontoxic *** instability of solid catalysts for aqueous-phase reactions caused by metal leaching and the collapse of a catalyst support represents a significant *** this work,various catalyst stabilization strategies including the nanospace and interfacial confinements that prevent sintering and leaching of metal nanoparticles as well as modification methods for increasing the support stability are summarized and systemically *** addition,feasible approaches to designing stable and efficient heterogeneous catalysts for aqueous-phase reactions are proposed.

摘要：Photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting for solar energy conversion into chemical fuels has attracted intense research *** semiconductor hematite(α-Fe_(2)O_(3)),with its earth abundance,chemical stability,and efficient light harvesting,stands out as a promising photoanode ***,its electron affinity is too deep for overall water splitting,requiring additional *** engineering has been used to reduce the onset potential of hematite *** we focus instead on energy band engineering hematite by shrinking the crystal lattice,and the water-splitting onset potential can be decreased from 1.14 to 0.61 V *** reversible hydrogen *** is the lowest record reported for a pristine hematite photoanode without surface modification.X-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic properties suggest the redistribution of 3d electrons in the as-synthesized grey hematite *** function theory studies herein show that the smaller-lattice-constant hematite benefits from raised energy bands,which accounts for the reduced onset potential.

摘要：As we navigate the transition from the Fourth to the Fifth Industrial Revolution,the emerging fields of biomanufacturing and biofabrication are transforming life sciences and *** sectors are benefiting from a synergy of synthetic and engineering biology,sustainable manufacturing,and integrated design *** techniques such as 3D bioprinting,tissue engineering,directed assembly,and self-assembly are instrumental in creating biomimetic scaffolds,tissues,organoids,medical devices,and biohybrid *** field of biofabrication in the United Kingdom and Ireland is emerging as a pivotal force in bioscience and healthcare,propelled by cutting-edge research and *** on the production of biologically functional products for use in drug delivery,in vitro models,and tissue engineering,research institutions across these regions are dedicated to innovating healthcare solutions that adhere to ethical standards while prioritising sustainability,affordability,and healthcare system benefits.

摘要：The past decade has witnessed a surge of interest in exploring emergent particles in condensed matter *** particles,emerged as excitations around exotic band degeneracy points,continue to be reported in real materials and artificially engineered systems,but so far,we do not have a complete picture on all possible types of particles that can be ***,via systematic symmetry analysis and modeling,we accomplish a complete list of all possible particles in time-reversal-invariant *** includes both spinful particles such as electron quasiparticles in solids,and spinless particles such as phonons or even excitations in electric-circuit and mechanical *** establish detailed correspondence between the particle,the symmetry condition,the effective model,and the topological *** obtained encyclopedia concludes the search for novel emergent particles and provides concrete guidance to achieve them in physical systems.

摘要：Effective separation of photogenerated carriers plays a vital role in governing the efficiency of photo-electrocatalytic ***,the advancement in enhancing the intrinsic carrier separation efficiency of semiconductors has shown limited ***,we reported the use of a magnetic field to improve the photoelectrochemical water splitting of a magnetic Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2)photoanode by boosting the photogenerated carrier separation *** the presence of the magnetic field,oxygen evolution reaction occurs with a high photocurrent density of 0.86 mA cm^(−2)at 1.23 V versus VRHE,and an applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 0.342%at 0.61 ***,the photoanode maintains its oxygen evolution reaction for more than 400 h with photocurrent decays by ca.10%.Observations made in this effort show that the enhancement of photo-electrocatalytic efficiency by a magnetic field is a consequence of the effect of the Lorentz force generated by the magnetic field on photogenerated carriers and ions near the Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2)photoanode,which improves the carrier separation efficiency and the bubble release *** results suggest that manipulating photoelectrode carriers by using a magnetic field is a promising strategy to design high-performance photoelectrochemical for water splitting.

摘要：Heterogeneous molecular catalysts,such as metal phthalocyanines,are efficient electrocatalysts for CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,the rational design and synthesis of a molecular catalyst-based heterostructure for CO_(2)RR remains ***,we developed a crystalline bimetallic phthalocyanine heterostructure electrocatalyst(CoPc/FePc HS),which achieved an excellent CO_(2)-to-CO conversion efficiency(99%)and outstanding long-term stability after 10 h of *** functional theory calculations revealed that the enhancement of CO_(2)RR performance could be attributed to the distinct electron transfer pattern between FePc and *** heterostructural engineering in molecular catalysts would inspire a unique approach for improving CO_(2)RR performance.

摘要：量子自旋霍尔绝缘体拥有具有带隙的体态和无能隙的一维拓扑边缘态.然而,由于拓扑边缘态局域在纳米尺度,所以很难用光学手段直接观测并区分体态和边缘态,这就限制了对拓扑边缘态独特的光学特性和光电响应等方面的研究和应用.Bi_(4)Br_(4)体材料的台阶存在一维非平庸的边缘态,多个台阶累加的效应使得通过较为宏观的光学和光电分析手段来研究一维边缘态成为可能.该工作利用中远红外显微吸收光谱和泵浦探测光谱,对比研究了Bi_(4)Br_(4)体和边缘的光学响应行为.研究发现Bi_(4)Br_(4)的边缘在小于带隙(约0.22 eV)的波段存在明显的强于体内的红外吸收,且该吸收呈现较强的各向异性.室温下的红外泵浦探测首次观察到边缘处载流子激发态超长的弛豫时间(1.5 ns),该激发态载流子寿命要比体内载流子寿命长两个量级.该工作证实体态和拓扑边缘态具有明显不同的光学和光电响应行为,为未来设计新型红外探测器提供了材料和物理基础.