摘要：相场法可以自动捕捉裂纹的萌生和演化,因此在模拟复合材料的复杂失效行为时具有明显优势。为区分纤维增强复合材料(Fiber-reinforced composites,FRC)中存在的不同断裂模式,采用双相场断裂模型来分别表征基体和纤维的损伤演化。同时采用相场变量作为误差指标,在各向异性的双相场模型中引入了基于四叉树分解的网格自适应细化策略。设计并开发了相应的Matlab程序,研究了单向及变刚度纤维增强复合材料单层板在拉伸位移载荷下的断裂行为。计算结果表明:采用基于自适应算法的各向异性双相场模型所得到的数值计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;自适应双相场模型能在保证较高计算精度的同时,配合序参量的演化准确地在裂纹路径上进行网格自动加密,简化网格前处理过程,减少网格数量,降低计算成本,提高计算效率。

摘要：This paper analyzes the effects of nanoporous surface on heat transfer temperaments of assorted thermal conductingmaterials. A phenomenal proposal of wielding the surface roughness to ameliorate the heat transfer ratehas been discovered. The maximum increase of heat transfer rate procured by nanoporous layers is 133.3% higherthan the polished bare metals of surface roughness 0.2μm. This plays an imperative role in designing compact refrigerationsystems, chemical and thermal power plants. Experimental results picture a formidable upswing of58.3% heat transfer in chemically etched metals of surface roughness 3 μm, 133.3% in nanoporous surface of porosity75-95 nm formed by electrochemical anodization, and porosity of 40-50 nm formed by spray pyrolysis increasesthe heat transfer by 130%. Effects of porosity, flow velocity and scaling on the energy transfer are alsoscrutinized. This paper also analyzes the multifarious modes of nanoporous fabrication, to contrive both prodigiousand provident system.

摘要：Many research issues have been raised in Application Layer Multicasting(ALM),such as group management,security,integrity of data,link stress,link stretch,load balancing,fault tolerance and scalability,because of the shifting of the multicast protocol from the IP layer to the application *** address these issues many protocols have evolved by changing their topology *** this paper,the POSET protocol stack is proposed,which consists of three layers,such as communication control,POSET cube,and content *** novelty of this paper is the lattice-based data distribution with POSET cube *** results have been compared with the existing NICE and Narada *** experimental results show that the proposed POSET protocol improves throughput between 7.14%and 40%and decreases the delay between 7.69%and 25%,compared to the existing NICE protocol.

摘要：在障碍物密集的环境中,找到一条从初始位置到目标位置的最优轨迹,并控制一台Hilare机器人沿着该轨迹行驶仍是一项具有挑战性的任务。为了完成这个任务,控制环中通常需要加入路径规划器以及轨迹跟踪控制器。本文的目的是在一台由步进电机驱动的Hilare机器人上实现轨迹跟踪控制的任务。其中,轨迹由航点集合表示。在设计过程中,控制器需要考虑处理方向连续的离散航点,并且需要考虑不同的执行器速度约束。本文利用多目标粒子群优化(multi-objective particle swarm optimization, MOPSO)的方法来调整控制器的参数。MOPSO通过最小化移动机器人在追踪预定义轨迹时的平均航迹误差以及平均线速度误差来得到最优的控制器参数。实验中,移动机器人被控制从起始点沿着一条由航点表示的轨迹行驶到达目标点。实验同样给出对路径规划器生成的轨迹,以及自定义轨迹的跟踪结果。基于移动机器人的实验结果验证了本文方法对不同形式轨迹跟踪的有效性。

摘要：Emissive probes are the tools for the direct deter- mination of the plasma potential ~PL and they deliver a more reliable measure of φPL compared to the indi- rect measurements with cold Langmuir probes. The emissive probe works on the principle of compensating the well-known asymmetry of the I-V characteristic of a single cold Langmuir probe by an electron emission current from the probe into the plasma. In an ideal case, the saturated value of floating potential V（А,em） of a highly emissive probe should equal the plasma potential. A conventional emissive probe usu- ally consists of a loop of tungsten wire heated by an electric current passing through it. These conven- tional emissive probes containing an electric current- heated metal wire loop suffer a huge drawback when it comes to their lifetime. The metal wire used in these probes evaporates and subsequently breaks when heated with high current, leading to frequent replacements of these wires. When used in ultra high vacuum （UHV） plasma systems, frequent replacement of these wires requires frequent vacuum breaks in the plasma systems. In many plasma systems espe- cially in magnetized toroidal hot plasmas like toka- maks, where determination of the electric fields leads to a great deal of useful information, frequent breaking of the vacuum is impossible for changing the filament of the emissive probes. Hence, along with the other drawbacks of the conventional emissive probes such as limited emission current, bending in a magnetic field makes their use impractical in these plasma systems. The most suitable alternative is the emissive probes heated by a focused infra-red laser. Due to them having several advantages over the conventional emis- sive probes, laser heated emissive probes （LHEPs） are found to have more and more uses in plasma systems. The advantages of the LHEP are： longer lifetime （no filament breaking issues）, attainment of higher tem- perature without melting or evaporation and thus higher emissivi

摘要：A novel method for developing a reliable data driven soft sensor to improve the prediction accuracy of sulfur content in hydrodesulfurization(HDS) process was proposed. Therefore, an integrated approach using support vector regression(SVR) based on wavelet transform(WT) and principal component analysis(PCA) was used. Experimental data from the HDS setup were employed to validate the proposed model. The results reveal that the integrated WT-PCA with SVR model was able to increase the prediction accuracy of SVR model. Implementation of the proposed model delivers the best satisfactory predicting performance(EAARE=0.058 and R2=0.97) in comparison with SVR. The obtained results indicate that the proposed model is more reliable and more precise than the multiple linear regression(MLR), SVR and PCA-SVR.

摘要：减轻组织的机械性压力在治愈糖尿病相关的足溃疡所需的多种干预措施中最为重要。本文是2023年国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)发布的减压治疗促进糖尿病相关的足溃疡愈合的循证指南,也是对2019年IWGDF指南的更新。我们遵循推荐、评估、发展和评价分级(GRADE)方法学,以患者-干预-比较-结局(patient-intervention-control-outcome,PICO)模式设计临床问题和重要结果,进行系统评价和Meta分析,制定评判表汇总,为每个问题编写推荐和理由。每项推荐都是基于系统综述中发现的证据,在无证据情况下则采用专家意见,以及对判断项目的GRADE等级总结进行仔细权衡,包括可预期和不可预期的影响、证据的确定性、患者价值、所需资源、成本效益、公平性、可行性和可接受性。为了治愈糖尿病患者神经性前足底或中足底溃疡,要使用不可拆卸的齐膝高减压装置作为首选减压干预措施。如果患者存在对不可拆卸减压装置的禁忌证或不能耐受,考虑使用可拆卸齐膝(或踝)高减压装置作为减压干预措施的第二选择。如果无可用的减压装置,考虑使用合适的鞋具结合毡制泡沫作为减压干预措施的第三选择。如果这种非手术减压治疗不能治愈前足底溃疡,可以考虑跟腱延长术、跖骨头切除术、关节置换术或跖骨截骨术。为了治疗继发于屈趾畸形的神经性足底或小趾远端溃疡,可行趾屈肌腱切开术。为了促进后足、非足底或并发感染或缺血的溃疡的愈合,提出了进一步的推荐。所有推荐都已在减压临床路径中进行了总结,以帮助促进本指南在临床实践中的实施。这些减压推荐将帮助医务人员为糖尿病相关的足溃疡患者提供最佳的治疗和预后,降低患者感染、住院和截肢的风险。

摘要：创面处理的原则,包括清创、创面准备和使用涉及改变创面生理以促进愈合的新技术,在试图治愈慢性糖尿病相关的足溃疡时是至关重要的。此外,糖尿病相关的足溃疡的发病率和治疗成本不断上升,这就需要结合作为金标准的多学科治疗已有共识,运用高质量的疗效和成本效益证据来支持和加强慢性糖尿病相关的足溃疡创面愈合的干预措施。本指南是2023年国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)针对促进糖尿病患者足溃疡愈合的干预措施的循证指南。它是对2019年IWGDF指南的更新。我们遵循推荐、评估、发展、评价分级(GRADE)方法,以患者-干预-对照-结果(PICO)形式设计临床问题从而得出重要结果,进行系统综述,制定评判表汇总,并为每个问题撰写推荐和理由。每条推荐的形式都是基于系统综述中发现的证据,并使用GRADE评判汇总项目,包括理想和不理想的效果、证据的可信度、对患者的价值、所需的资源、成本效益、公平性、可行性和可接受性;我们制定的推荐由作者同意并由独立专家和利益相关者审查。根据系统综述和从证据到决策过程的结果,我们提出29条推荐。我们对使用干预措施改善糖尿病患者足溃疡的愈合提出了一些有条件的支持性推荐。这些推荐包括蔗糖八硫酸盐敷料的使用,对手术后的创面使用负压疗法,使用胎盘衍生产品,使用自体白细胞、血小板、纤维蛋白贴剂,使用局部氧疗,以及使用高压氧,但我们强调在任何情况下这些推荐应在单独应用最佳标准治疗无法治愈伤口且有资源可用于干预的情况下使用。这些关于创面愈合的推荐应该有助于提高糖尿病伴足溃疡患者的疗效,我们希望这些推荐能得到广泛的实施。然而,尽管作为推荐基础的许多证据的准确性正在提高,但总体上仍然很差,我们鼓励在这一领域进行更多、质量更好的试验,包括那些有关卫生经济学分析的试验。

摘要：Technology development and continuous down scaling in CMOS fabrication makes Mixed Signal Integrated Circuits (MSIC) more vulnerable to process variation. This paper presents a well defined novel design methodology for process variability aware design by incorporating the major challenge of statistical circuit performance relating the device and circuit level variation in an accurate and efficient manner to improve the reliability, robustness and stability of the circuit. The device sensitive parameters are identified and accurately quantified by continuous realistic assessments using statistical methods. The modularity of the methodology can be validated by the output performance obtained from the gain and phase response of OTA which is highly stable when subjected to worst case process variation scenario. In the proposed optimization, the circuit is strengthened by fixing the optimum aspect ratio without adding any additional compensation devices complicating the circuit resulting in low power consumption of only 0.116 mW in standard CMOS 0.18 μm technology with 1.8 V power supply.

摘要：The main research objective in wireless sensor networks (WSN) domain is to develop algorithms and protocols to ensure minimal energy consumption with maximum network lifetime. In this paper, we propose a novel design for energy harvesting sensor node and cross-layered MAC protocol using three adjacent layers (Physical, MAC and Network) to economize energy for WSN. The basic idea behind our protocol is to re-energize the neighboring nodes using the radio frequency (RF) energy transmitted by the active nodes. This can be achieved by designing new energy harvesting sensor node and redesigning the MAC protocol. The results show that the proposed cross layer CL_EHSN improves the life time of the WSN by 40%.